* This transcript was created by voice-to-text technology. The transcript has not been edited for errors or omissions, it is for reference only and is not the official minutes of the meeting.
          [00:00:05]
          ALL 
          [Opening Remarks]
RIGHT. 
          SORRY ABOUT THAT DELAY. 
          I WANTED TO MAKE SURE IF WE HAD FOLKS ON THE, ON THE CALL THAT FORGOT TO MUTE THEMSELVES, THAT WE COULD TAKE CARE OF THAT 'CAUSE WE DON'T WANT TO DISRUPT OUR DISCUSSION TODAY. 
          UH, FIRST OFF, WELCOME TO YOU ALL. 
          UM, I'M KRISTY HOBBS. 
          I'M THE VICE PRESIDENT OF SYSTEM PLANNING AND WEATHERIZATION AND ERCOT. 
          I'VE BEEN AT ERCOT FOR A NUMBER OF YEARS, AND MY CURRENT RESPONSIBILITIES ARE OVER TRANSMISSION PLANNING AS WELL AS LARGE LOAD AND GENERATION INTERCONNECTION PROCESSES, AND OF COURSE, THE WEATHERIZATION INSPECTION TEAM, I APPRECIATE YOU ALL BEING HERE TODAY. 
          UH, WHAT AN INCREDIBLE TIME TO BE A PART OF PLANNING IN THE ERCOT REGION. 
          I THINK AS WE, WE LOOK BACK OVER THE PAST YEAR, THE AMOUNT OF LOAD GROWTH AND THE AMOUNT OF BUSINESSES THAT WANNA MOVE TO TEXAS, THE TEXAS ECONOMY IS BOOMING, AND THERE'S A LOT OF INTEREST IN MOVING TO OUR STATE. 
          AND AS A PART OF THAT, WE RECOGNIZE WE CAN'T KEEP PLANNING THE SYSTEM THE WAY WE'VE ALWAYS PLANNED IT. 
          WE'VE GOTTA LOOK ON HOW WE ADVANCE IT SO THAT WE CAN CONTINUE TO BE THAT ECONOMIC LEADER, THAT WE CAN CONTINUE TO HAVE BUSINESSES WANTING TO DO OPERATIONS HERE IN THE STATE OF TEXAS. 
          SO, LOOKING BACK, WE DO AN ANNUAL REGIONAL TRANSMISSION PLAN EACH YEAR, LOOKING SIX YEARS IN ADVANCE. 
          WHEN WE DID OUR PLAN LAST YEAR, LOOKING AHEAD TO 2029, WE WERE FORECASTING LOAD GROWTH THAT TOOK US, AND WE PLANNED A PLAN FOR JUST UNDER 120 GIGAWATTS IN A VERY SHORT AMOUNT OF TIME. 
          WHAT WE'VE SEEN, AND IF ANY OF YOU HAVE DRIVEN DOWN THE ROADS HERE IN TEXAS, YOU CAN SEE THERE ARE BUILDINGS UPON BUILDINGS, HOMES THAT ARE COMING TO THE STATE. 
          AND I THINK IF YOU TALK TO MY TSP FRIENDS, YOU'LL FIND THAT THERE'S EVEN MORE THAT ARE WAITING IN THE QUEUES THAT WOULD LIKE TO KNOW WHEN THEY'LL BE ABLE TO CONNECT POWER HERE IN THE STATE. 
          SO AS WE STARTED OUR PLANNING FOR 2030 AND LOOKING AHEAD, WHAT WE SAW IS A FORECASTED LOAD THAT WE'RE PLANNING A SYSTEM FOR ABOUT 150 GIGAWATTS. 
          NOW, I KNOW THERE ARE SOME THAT ARE QUESTIONING WHETHER THAT LOAD WILL ACTUALLY MATERIALIZE, AND I'M HOPING THAT TODAY, AS, AS YOU INTERACT WITH THE TRANSMISSION SERVICE PROVIDERS, THE THINGS THAT I'VE BEEN ASKING THEM IS WE MAKE SURE WE DO OUR APPROPRIATE REVIEWS OF THE LOADS THAT WE'RE LOOKING AT AND WE'RE BUILDING A SYSTEM FOR, ARE THOSE LOADS GONNA COME? AND WHAT I HEAR OVER AND OVER AGAIN IS ABOUT THE PROCESS THAT THEY USE WHEN THEY PROVIDED US THEIR FORECAST, HOW MANY OF THOSE HAVE SINCE MATERIALIZED? BUT WHAT I FIND EVEN MORE INTERESTING IS HOW MANY CONSUMERS HAVE ADDITIONAL INTEREST THAT WE HAVEN'T EVEN ACCOUNTED FOR IN THIS CURRENT PLAN. 
          SO AS WE MOVE FORWARD TODAY, I WANT TO HAVE A COUPLE OF GOALS FOR THIS SESSION. 
          AS MY PLANNERS HAVE LOOKED AHEAD, THEY'VE LOOKED AT IT FROM ENGINEERING PERSPECTIVE, AND AS WE STARTED PLANNING THE SYSTEM FOR 2030, IT WAS VERY CLEAR TO US THAT WE NEEDED TO MAKE A STEP CHANGE AND ENTERTAIN THAT IDEA TO BE ABLE TO EFFICIENTLY AND EFFECTIVELY SERVE THE CONSUMERS OF TEXAS AND TO SERVE IT ON THE TIMELINE THAT THEY'RE LOOKING TO CONNECT AND DO BUSINESS HERE. 
          BUT THERE ARE A LOT OF QUESTIONS. 
          WHILE 7 65 ISN'T NEW, IT'S NEW TO TEXAS, IT'S BEING BUILT IN OTHER PARTS IN THE US, IT'S BEING BUILT ACROSS THE WORLD. 
          AND IN FACT, IT'S BEEN OPERATED SINCE THE SIXTIES, IF NOT BEFORE. 
          AND SO TODAY, I HOPE, UH, AS WE GO THROUGH THE VENDORS, YOU CAN HELP ANSWER QUESTIONS FOR THOSE THAT MAY HAVE SOME CONCERNS ABOUT MAKING A STEP UP IN VOLTAGE. 
          THERE ARE CONCERNS ABOUT CONSTRUCTION TIMELINES, OPERATIONAL CAPABILITIES, BUT PROBABLY MOST IMPORTANT, THE QUESTION I HEAR THE MOST IS CAN THE SUPPLY CHAIN RAMP UP AND BE PREPARED TO MEET THE TIMELINES THAT WE'RE LOOKING TO SERVE CONSUMERS? SO WITH THAT, I HOPE THAT WE HAVE A GOOD DIALOGUE TODAY. 
          I'M GONNA LEAVE IT UP TO EACH SPEAKER ON WHETHER OR NOT THEY WANT TO OPEN UP FOR QUESTIONS DURING THE PRESENTATIONS. 
          BUT I HOPE WE HAVE A VERY GOOD OPEN DIALOGUE WHERE WE CAN TAKE THOSE QUESTIONS AND THEN WHEN WE GET INTO THE END OF THE DAY THAT WE'VE HELPED EASE SOME OF THOSE CONCERNS FOR THOSE THAT ARE WONDERING IF 7 65 IS APPROPRIATE FOR TEXAS. 
          SO WITH THAT, UH, I'M GONNA TURN IT OVER TO OUR 
          [765kV Construction Considerations]
FIRST PRESENTERS, WHICH IS QUANTUM AND MAKE VERY GOOD. 
          I'M GONNA STOP SHARING THAT. 
          GOT, DO Y'ALL HAVE A I THINK WE GOTTA HIT SHARE. 
          YEAH, IT'S NOT 
          [00:05:01]
RIGHT NOW. 
          TRYING TO, WE GET BACK TO WEB. 
          ALL RIGHT. 
          THANK YOU. 
          THANK YOU. 
          THANK YOU. 
          OKAY. 
          GOOD MORNING TO EVERYBODY. 
          IT'S A PLEASURE TO BE HERE. 
          UH, MY NAME IS KENNY MERCADO AS A FORMER BOARD MEMBER AT ERCOT FOR ABOUT EIGHT YEARS. 
          UM, I'VE WORKED AT CENTER POINT ENERGY FOR 36 YEARS, AND I'M NOW EMPLOYED AT QUANTA SERVICES. 
          BEEN TWO AND A HALF YEARS THERE WORKING ACROSS THE US. 
          WE'RE EXCITED, CHRISTIE, FOR BEING HERE. 
          WE'RE EXCITED FOR A EP TO HOST US. 
          UH, THIS IS AN AWESOME HISTORIC EVENT FOR EVERYBODY IN THIS ROOM. 
          IT'S A BIG DEAL, AND WE WANT TO BE SUCCESSFUL AS WE MOVE FORWARD. 
          UH, I WANT TO THANK Y'ALL FOR, IN INVITING US TO SPEAK TODAY. 
          THIS IS OBVIOUSLY WHERE WE NEED TO BE. 
          THIS IS WHERE WE WANT TO BE. 
          AND, AND IF I WAS TO LEAVE ONE MESSAGE WITH EACH OF YOU IN THE ROOM TODAY, IT IS THAT QUANTAS SERVICES IS READY. 
          SO YOU CAN ASK US A LOT OF QUESTIONS. 
          WE'RE HAPPY TO PARTICIPATE IN QUESTIONS EVEN DURING THE DAY AND INTO THE FUTURE, BUT WE ARE ABSOLUTELY READY AND WE WANT TO GET AHEAD OF THE REST OF THE COUNTRY. 
          SO WE, NOT ONLY ARE WE READY, WE WANT TO GET A QUICK HEAD START ON, ON THE NEEDS THAT ARE GONNA GO ON ACROSS THE US. 
          UM, AND IT IS AN HONOR AND A PRIVILEGE TO BE HERE AND REALLY TO HAVE A DEEPER, BROADER CONVERSATION AROUND 7 65 TRANSMISSION CONSTRUCTION. 
          SO LOOKING FORWARD TO THAT. 
          LET ME BEGIN BY INTRODUCING OUR, OUR TEAM OF EXPERTS THAT ARE HERE TODAY. 
          BO CASTY SITTING HERE IN THE SECOND ROW. 
          UH, HE'S THE PRESIDENT OF THE NORTH SOUTH REGION OF, OF QUANTA. 
          HE MANAGES ALL THE CONSTRUCTION IN TEXAS. 
          EVERYTHING WE DO IN THE STATE OF TEXAS SERVING ALL OF OUR CUSTOMERS IS LED THROUGH BO C BO CASSIDY, 22 YEARS, UH, IN HIS POSITION. 
          JEREMY HINKS SITTING THERE NOT NEXT TO ME, JEREMY, ME, IS THE VP OVER COMMERCIAL OPERATIONS. 
          HE MANAGES THE A EP ACCOUNT. 
          HE KNOWS THE, THE KEY DECISION MAKERS. 
          HE KNOWS HOW THE WORK IS MOVING. 
          HE SERVES THEM ALL ACROSS THEIR STATES AND IS A VERY IMPORTANT ROLE, UH, FOR QUANTUM. 
          MICHAEL FOSTER, VP OF TRANSMISSION ENGINEERING 22 YEARS, ALL WITH QUANTUM, UH, HAS A BIG, BIG BACK BACKGROUND IN EPC SUBSTATION TRANSMISSION CONSTRUCTION FROM AN ENGINEERING PERSPECTIVE. 
          AND THEN DOUG DIXON, VP OF TRANSMISSION PROJECTS. 
          HE'S WORKING ON ALL OF OUR LARGE TRANSMISSION PROJECTS ACROSS THE US AND HAS OVER 46 YEARS OF EXPERIENCE IN THIS SPACE. 
          OOPS, LET'S SEE IF WE CAN GET THINGS WORKING HERE. 
          WE LOST OUR OVER HERE, THE CURSOR OVER THERE. 
          SO THE, UM, I DON'T THINK IT SHOWS UP HERE. 
          IT SHOWS UP OVER THERE. 
          GO BACK. 
          THAT'S THE START. 
          OKAY. 
          OKAY. 
          SORRY ABOUT THAT. 
          QUANTAS SERVICES IS HEADQUARTERED IN HOUSTON, TEXAS. 
          UM, WE HAVE OVER 55,000, UH, CRAFT SKILLED EMPLOYEES SAFELY SERVING THE ELECTRIC AND GAS UTILITY INDUSTRY ACROSS EVERY STATE IN THE US INCLUDING CANADA AND PUERTO RICO. 
          WE'RE THE LARGEST SINGLE SOURCE SOLUTIONS PROVIDER FOR ELECTRIC POWER, FOR GAS, NATURAL GAS, AND RENEWABLE ENERGY. 
          WE SELF-PERFORM 85% OF OUR WORK. 
          SO WHEN YOU THINK OF KRANTA, THINK OF US AS WE REALLY DON'T USE A LOT OF SUBCONTRACTORS. 
          WE, WE MANAGE OUR WORK. 
          WE MANAGE OUR WORK. 
          WE CONTROL THE LEADERSHIP OF OUR CREWS. 
          WE OPERATE IN A VERY, UH, ORGANIZED, STRUCTURED APPROACH. 
          AND THAT'S WHAT WE CONTINUE PLAN TO DO FOR, FOR, IN THE, FOR ALL OF OUR WORK IN THE FUTURE. 
          WE APPRECIATE OUR PARTNERSHIPS AND WE HONOR THE COMPANIES THAT ARE IN THIS ROOM TODAY. 
          WE HAVE BEEN WORKING WITH YOU ALL FOR MANY, MANY YEARS. 
          UH, WE'RE ALL IN THIS TOGETHER LEADING THE WAY TO BUILD THE NEXT GENERATION OF TRANSMISSION CONSTRUCTION SERVICES TO SERVE TEXAS AND ITS FUTURE ENERGY DEMAND NEEDS. 
          WE'LL SHOW YOU THIS MORNING, OUR BROAD EXPERIENCES WITH, WITH 765 KV TRANSMISSION WITH OVER 25 PROJECTS EXTENDING 2000 MILES OF OVERHEAD CONSTRUCTION ACROSS THE COUNTRY. 
          SO WE KEEP MOVING ON THIS THING. 
          THERE WE GO. 
          JUST WANTED TO REMIND YOU THAT EVERYTHING THAT WE DO AT QA, THE MOST ESSENTIAL ROLE THAT WE HAVE IS SAFETY. 
          SAFETY IS, IS, IS IN TOP OF OUR MIND WITH EVERYTHING WE DO IS THE MOST IMPORTANT FACTOR IN OUR PERFORMANCE. 
          AND WE KNOW THAT THE BEST SKILLED CRAFT WORKERS CAN STILL MAKE A MISTAKE IN THEIR DAILY ACTIVITIES. 
          AND IT'S OUR JOB TO MAKE SURE WE CAN ABSORB THAT STATE THAT MISTAKE, THAT WE KNOW THAT IF THE ERROR OCCURS, THAT WE HAVE BUILT CAPACITY WITHIN OUR SAFETY TRAINING. 
          AND AT EVERY PROCESS IT COULD CREATE A RISK. 
          WE CAN ABSORB THAT MISTAKE AND ELIMINATE THE INJURY OR THE ACCIDENT. 
          AND THAT'S WHAT THE CAPACITY MODEL IS DESIGNED TO DO, 
          [00:10:01]
IS NOT ONLY USED BY QUANTUM, BUT IT'S ALSO SPREADING ACROSS THE US WITH MANY OF OUR CUSTOMERS. 
          AND WE CONTINUE TO WORK REALLY HARD TO IMPROVE OUR MANAGEMENT, OUR CULTURE, AND OUR OPERATIONS AROUND THE CAPACITY MODEL. 
          YOU CAN ALSO SEE ON THE SLIDE THAT WE HAVE OVER 18,000 AEDS IN THE FIELD TODAY, WORKING WITH OUR CREWS TO PROVIDE THEM ADDITIONAL PROTECTION WITH THOSE A ED DEVICES. 
          WELL-TRAINED OPERATORS HAVE SAVED 45 LIVES, INCLUDING THE PUBLIC OVER THE LAST NUMBER OF YEARS. 
          WE HAVE, UH, I WANT YOU TO REALLY THINK OF US AS THE CONSTRUCTION LED INFRASTRUCTURE SOLUTIONS PROVIDER. 
          THAT IS THE MOST IMPORTANT THING. 
          I WANNA EMPHASIZE TODAY THAT OUR JOB IS TO PROVIDE CONSTRUCTION LED INFRASTRUCTURE SOLUTIONS TO YOUR NEEDS, ESPECIALLY AROUND 765 KV. 
          WE WANNA PROVIDE THAT TO YOU IN THE MOST EFFICIENT, SAFE, AND ORGANIZED MANNER. 
          OUR SOLUTIONS ARE BASED IN THE, IN THE THREE MAJOR AREAS THAT YOU SEE ON THE SLIDE TO, TO YOUR LEFT IS THE, IS THE ELECTRIC POWER INFRASTRUCTURE SOLUTION. 
          THIS IS WHERE WE CONSTRUCT OUR TRANSMISSION SUBSTATION DISTRIBUTION, ENERGIZED SERVICES FOR TRANSMISSION APPLICATIONS, EMERGENCY RESTORATION EFFORTS ALL ACROSS THE US AS WE RESPOND TO STORMS, HURRICANES AND WILD WILDFIRE EVENTS. 
          ENGINEERING AND PROGRAM MANAGEMENT ALL FITS INTO THAT ELECTRIC POWER CATEGORY OF OUR WORK. 
          THE SECOND SPACE FOR QUANTA SERVICES IS OUR RENEWABLE ENERGIES, UH, ORGANIZATION. 
          WE ARE LARGE CONSTRUCTION EPC PROVIDER FOR WIND, SOLAR BATTERY STORAGE, AND ALSO TRANSMISSION SUBSTATION AND DISTRIBUTION SERVICES TO INTEGRATE THOSE TECHNOLOGIES INTO THE GRID. 
          THE THIRD AREA IS UNDERGROUND UTILITY AND INFRASTRUCTURE SOLUTIONS. 
          IT INCLUDES GAS DISTRIBUTION FOR LDC TYPES OF APPLICATIONS, PIPELINE INTEGRITY, MIDSTREAM SERVICES, STORAGE, AND MUCH, MUCH MORE. 
          MOST IMPORTANTLY ON THIS SLIDE IS OUR, OUR JOB IS TO BE END TO END. 
          WE CAN PROVIDE DESIGN, WE CAN PROVIDE ENGINEERING, WE CAN PROVIDE PROJECT MANAGEMENT, WE CAN PROVIDE CONSTRUCTION, MAINTENANCE AND REPLACEMENT. 
          IN MANY CASES, SOME OF THE MATERIALS MAY NOT LAST MORE THAN 10 YEARS, AND WE ALSO HAVE REPLACE REPLACEMENT OPPORTUNITIES TO QUANTIFY THE NUMBERS. 
          I WANTED TO GIVE YOU A PERSPECTIVE OF OUR SCALE SO THAT YOU UNDERSTAND THAT WE'RE READY NOW TO GO TO WORK AT 765 KV AND OTHER BULK OPPORTUNITIES FOR CONSTRUCTION SERVICES. 
          WE'RE NUMBER ONE IN THE US FOR UNION AND NON-UNION CRAFT LABOR. 
          WE'RE NUMBER ONE IN THE US IN TERMS OF OWNERSHIP OF TRUCKS, OUR LINE TRUCKS, UH, THAT WE RUN ON EACH AND EVERY DAY. 
          BOATS. 
          THE NUMBER OVER SIX. 
          WHAT'S OUR NUMBER OF TRUCKS? IT'S TRUCKS. 
          YEAH. 
          YEAH. 
          IT'S 60, 60,000 PLUS TRUCKS THAT WE MANAGE ALL ACROSS THE US. 
          WE HAVE OVER 25% OF THE, OF THE PIPELINE OF WORK FOR RENEWABLE POWER ACROSS THE US FOR WIND, SOLAR, AND NOW GROWING DEEPLY INTO THE BATTERY STORAGE AREA LED BY OUR COMPANY CALLED BLATTNER IN MINNEAPOLIS, MINNESOTA. 
          TODAY, WE HAVE OVER $30 BILLION OF PIPELINE OF WORK THAT'S AVAILABLE TO US IN THE FUTURE. 
          THIS BACKLOG DEMONSTRATES OUR CUSTOMER'S COMMITMENT TO QUANTA, OUR EXPERTISE AND OUR ABILITY TO COLLABORATE AND WORK REALLY CLOSELY IN PROVIDING SOLUTIONS TO OUR CUSTOMERS. 
          OUR SOLUTIONS ARE ALL ABOUT PROVIDING YOU AS THE CUSTOMER END TO END INFRASTRUCTURE OUTPUTS. 
          WE WANNA BE THE SOLUTIONS PROVIDER IN EACH OF THESE SPACES THAT PROVIDE YOU VALUE ADDED BENEFITS. 
          NUMBER ONE, IT'S INTEGRATED SERVICES, MAKING SURE THEY CAN PROVIDE YOU WHATEVER IS NEEDED FROM A DESIGN BUILD, EPC TURNKEY APPROACH. 
          EVERYTHING THAT IS AVAILABLE UNDER ONE LEADERSHIP, ONE, ONE INVOICING, ONE TOOL, ONE MECHANISM TO PROVIDE YOU END-TO-END CAPABILITIES THROUGH OUR INTEGRATED SERVICES. 
          SECONDLY, WE CAN PROVIDE, PROVIDE INTERVI ENVIRONMENTAL PLANNING AND MANAGEMENT. 
          A LOT OF THE FRONT END BENEFITS THAT ARE NECESSARY AS YOU GET THE PROJECT GO THROUGH, UH, THROUGH THROUGH THE THE ENGINEERING AND PLANNING PHASE. 
          THIRDLY, WE'RE WORKING DEEPLY ON PROCUREMENT. 
          YOU HEARD CHRISTIE SAY EARLIER THAT PROCUREMENT IS A BIG, BIG CONCERN, AND IT'S A CONCERN FOR US TOO. 
          WE DO NOT WANT LABOR WAITING ON MATERIALS. 
          SO WE MAKE SURE THAT OUR PROCUREMENT NEEDS ARE HAPPENING IN PARALLEL WITH OUR CONSTRUCTION RESPONSIBILITIES AND OUR DESIGN, SO THAT PROCUREMENT DOES NOT CREATE PRESSURE ON CONSTRUCTION. 
          WE CAN BUY, WE CAN STORE, WE CAN MANAGE, WE CAN DO ALL THAT YOU NEED IN, IN MANAGING THE SUPPLY OF MATERIALS. 
          FOURTHLY, IT'S PROJECT MANAGEMENT, UH, AND YOU'LL HEAR A LITTLE BIT MORE ABOUT THAT TODAY. 
          AND THEN FINALLY, CONSTRUCTION. 
          YOU'LL HEAR BOTH OF THOSE ALSO TODAY. 
          SO I'M GONNA HAND THIS OVER TO MICHAEL FOSTER AND HE'S GONNA GIVE YOU THE, THE NEXT PART OF THE PRESENTATION. 
          THANK YOU FOR YOUR TIME. 
          THANKS, KENNY. 
          GOOD MORNING. 
          UH, WANNA TALK TO YOU ABOUT SOME RECENT LARGE PROJECTS THAT, 
          [00:15:01]
UM, QUANTA HAS BEEN THE LEAD PROVIDER ON. 
          JUST TO KIND OF DEMONSTRATE, UH, SOME MORE DETAIL ABOUT CAPACITY AND STRENGTH, UH, THAT WE HAVE ACROSS THE BOARD FOR DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION. 
          UH, WE HAVE MULTIPLE LARGE PROJECTS GOING ON, UH, AT THIS TIME, VARIOUS STAGES OF CONSTRUCTION, AND WE WANNA HIGHLIGHT A FEW OF THE LARGEST ONES TO REALLY SHOW SOME, UH, EXPERTISE. 
          UM, OUR GATEWAY SOUTH PROJECT FOR PACIFICORP, UH, IN WYOMING AND COLORADO, UH, OVER 400 MILES OF 500 KV, UH, THROUGH SOME REALLY CHALLENGING TERRAIN. 
          UH, DEALT WITH GUIDE AND SELF-SUPPORTING, UH, LATTICE TOWERS. 
          UH, OUR COLORADO PATHWAYS PROJECT IN COLORADO. 
          UH, OVER 600 MILES OF DOUBLE CIRCUIT, 3 45 KV, UH, MULTIPLE SUBSTATIONS, UH, MULTIPLE SEGMENTS WITH CONSTRUCTION, UH, COMPLETING IN VARIOUS PHASES, UH, THROUGH 2025 THROUGH 2027. 
          AND REALLY OUR LARGEST ONE RIGHT NOW THAT WE'VE THE MOST PROUD OF IS SUN ZIA. 
          IT'S ACTUALLY A 5 25 KB HVDC PROJECT, UH, IN ARIZONA, NEW MEXICO, UH, SPANS A VERY LARGE TERRAIN, GOES TO BLM LAND, UH, CHALLENGING TERRAIN, CHALLENGING FOUNDATIONS, UH, MIX OF MULTIPLE TOWER TYPES. 
          UH, REALLY SHOWS TO GO TO A LOT OF, UM, ABILITIES. 
          AND YOU LOOK AT THESE PROJECTS ALL COMBINED BEING EXECUTED AT THE SAME TIME, UH, CAN BE COMPARABLE TO A PROJECT THAT COULD, UH, OCCUR IN TEXAS LIKE WE'RE TALKING ABOUT TODAY. 
          UH, SO WITH REGARDS SPECIFICALLY TO 7 65, UH, AS KENNY MENTIONED EARLIER, QUANTA THROUGH ITS VARIOUS COMPANIES THROUGH THE YEARS, HAS, UH, CONSTRUCTED THE MAJORITY OF THAT SYSTEM IN NORTH AMERICA AROUND ABOUT 2000 MILES. 
          UH, YOU KNOW, IN THE LAST COUPLE DECADES, THERE HAVE ONLY BEEN A FEW OF THEM. 
          AND QUANTA HAS BEEN PARTICIPATING IN, IN THE MAJORITY OF THOSE PROJECTS. 
          UH, ONE OF THE LARGEST ONES WAS THE WILMINGTON JACKSON FERRY PROJECT IN THE EARLY TWO THOUSANDS. 
          THAT WAS WHERE THE SIX BUNDLE CONFIGURATION WAS REALLY PIONEERED AND DEVELOPED, ALONG WITH SOME NEW TOWER CONFIGURATIONS, BOTH GUIDE AND SELF-SUPPORTING. 
          UH, THAT WAS DEFINITELY A VERY CHALLENGING, UH, TERRAIN, UH, VERY MOUNTAINOUS. 
          WE HAVE SOME PICTURES OF THAT LATER ON TO SHOW, UH, WHAT THAT LOOKED LIKE. 
          BUT AGAIN, KWANA WAS A PARTNER TO WORK WITH A EP ON THAT PROJECT TO DEVELOP A NEW SYSTEM AND IMPLEMENT IT. 
          SO WE ALWAYS LIKE TO TALK ABOUT HOW WE LIKE TO INTEGRATE ENGINEERING AND CONSTRUCTION TOGETHER EARLY ON, UH, FROM THE VERY BEGINNING OF CONCEPTUAL ENGINEERING. 
          WE FEEL THAT GETTING CONSTRUCTION INVOLVED AT THAT STAGE ALLOWS YOU TO DRIVE THE MOST, UH, COST BENEFIT AND EFFICIENCY FOR THE PROJECT. 
          WHEN CONSTRUCTION AND ENGINEERING AND PLANNING AND ENVIRONMENTAL CAN WORK TOGETHER, IT REALLY HELPS YOU COME UP WITH THE BEST PROJECT AND THE OPPORTUNITY TO AFFECT THE PROJECT. 
          THE MOST REALLY OCCURS AT THE VERY BEGINNING WHEN YOU'RE TALKING ABOUT ROUTING AND SIDING. 
          UH, YOU'RE TALKING ABOUT STRUCTURE, SELECTION, CONDUCTOR CONFIGURATION, AND REALLY BEING ABLE TO, UH, OPTIMIZE THE PROJECT FROM A, A COST PERSPECTIVE AS WELL AS, UH, YOU KNOW, LEAD TIMES, UH, THOSE DECISIONS EARLY ON CAN REALLY, UH, MAKE A PROJECT VERY SUCCESSFUL. 
          UH, ONE OF THE EXAMPLES FOR A MORE RECENT SEVEN 60 5K PROJECT, UH, QUANTA WAS SELECTED BY A EP IN 2017 TO BE A, A FULL TURNKEY SUPPLIER FOR THE, UH, WINDCATCHER PROJECT IS ABOUT 360 MILES OF 7 65 IN OKLAHOMA. 
          UH, WE WERE ENGAGED AT THE VERY BEGINNING WITH THE ROUTING AND SIDING, HAVING ENGINEERS HAND IN HAND WITH THE FOLKS, UH, DOING LAND ACQUISITION, UH, ENVIRONMENTAL PERMITTING, AND REALLY HELPING DRIVE, UH, AN EFFICIENT LAYOUT OF THAT PROJECT. 
          GOING THROUGH PUBLIC OUTREACH, UH, UH, ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES, THE FULL GAMUT. 
          UH, WE MADE IT THROUGH 60% ON THE SUBSTATION DESIGN AND, AND TRANSMISSION DESIGN FOR THAT PROJECT. 
          UH, THAT PROJECT ULTIMATELY DID GET HUNG UP IN REGULATORY, UH, ISSUES THAT, UH, PUT IT OFF. 
          BUT WE STILL FEEL IT'S A REALLY GOOD RECENT EXAMPLE. 
          UH, ONE, WE HAD A VERY AGGRESSIVE TIMELINE FOR A VERY LARGE 7 65 KV PROJECT WHERE WE WERE ABLE TO COME TOGETHER WITH A SOLUTION, UH, TO MEET THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THAT. 
          I'LL HAVE DOUG DIXON TALK ABOUT SOME RECENT, UH, CONSTRUCTION EXPERIENCE. 
          LITTLE MORE DETAIL. 
          GOOD MORNING EVERYBODY. 
          THANKS FOR HAVING US. 
          SO, TALKING A LITTLE BIT ABOUT, UH, CONSTRUCTION. 
          UH, QA HAS A AVIATION SIDE THAT HAS BEEN VERY SUCCESSFUL, AND, UH, PROJECTS WE HAVE WITH TODAY'S, UH, ENVIRONMENTAL RESTRICTIONS WE'RE EXPERIENCING, IT'S A BIG PART OF OUR SUCCESS IN IN GETTING INTO THESE AREAS. 
          UH, PICTURED HERE WE HAVE, UH, CH 47 LIFT CAPACITY OF, UH, 24,000 POUNDS. 
          AND, UH, THEY'VE BEEN USED IN LINE INDUSTRY IN THE PAST, BUT IT'S PRIMARILY BEEN FROM A CENTER POINT HOOK LOCATION IN THE CENTER OF THE SHIP HERE. 
          WE'VE ADAPTED AND DESIGNED AN ANTI-ROTATION DEVICE THAT NOW ALLOWS US TO PICK THESE FOUR-LEGGED TOWERS. 
          WE CAN FLY THEM IN AND PLACE 'EM DIRECTIONAL WITHOUT HAVING TO WORRY ABOUT THE LOAD SPINNING 
          [00:20:01]
ON US. 
          UM, IN THE PAST, ERICSSON, ERIC CRANE HAS A SIKORSKYS AND IT, IT'S BEEN, UH, THE PRIMARY CONSTRUCTION WORKHORSE. 
          ERICSSON NO LONGER IS IN THE CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY, SO WE'VE HAD TO COME UP WITH SOME IDEAS. 
          THEY HAVE, UH, SIX OF THESE CH 40 SEVENS NOW QUANT AVIATION DOES. 
          THEY'RE BASED OUT OF RED BLUFF, CALIFORNIA, UH, SERVING THE LINE INDUSTRY AND BIG SUPPORT IN SOME OF THE FIRES GOING ON OUT THERE IN CALIFORNIA. 
          SO WE HAVE A TOTAL OF 104 HELICOPTERS, QUAN AVIATION, AND THEY SUPPORT JUST ABOUT EVERY ASPECT OF LINE ACTIVITY THERE IS FROM FOUNDATIONS TO JUST GETTING CREWS IN AND OUT, UH, STEEL ERECTION AND A BIG PART OF OUR WIRE STRING OPERATIONS FROM FLYING THE LEAD LINES IN AND FLYING, UH, MEN AND EQUIPMENT TOOLING INTO THESE STRUCTURES. 
          SO, DOWN, NARROW DOWN. 
          THANK YOU. 
          UM, THIS IS JUST, UH, SOME BASIC PICTURES. 
          WE, YOU KNOW, CLIPPING, WE HAVE THE CRANE SUPPORT, LIFTING THE PERSONNEL UP TO A WORK POSITION ON A 7 65 V STRING CLIP. 
          AND, AND PICTURED RIDE IS THE LADDER THAT THE HELICOPTER FLEW THE LADDER AND CREW IN. 
          SO, YOU KNOW, WE LOOK AT ACCESS AND HOW, HOW BEST TO SUPPORT THE, THE CREWS AND, AND DO THESE SAFE AND EFFICIENT. 
          SO WE, WE DO HAVE SEVERAL PROCESSES OF, OF WORKING THE WIRE UP. 
          AND, UH, WE DO DEAD ENDING AS WELL. 
          WE HAVE, UH, DEAD END CREWS. 
          WE FLY THE BAKER BOARDS IN AND CAN PERFORM JUST ABOUT EVERYTHING YOU CAN OUT OF A CRANE, OFF OF, UH, AERIAL SUPPORT WITH OUR HELICOPTERS. 
          THAT, THAT, SO THE, THE, THIS, THIS WAS THE WEST VIRGINIA PROJECT. 
          UH, HERE YOU CAN SEE THEY'VE CONVERTED THE WIRE TRAILERS, UH, WITH, UH, THREE RAILS, NO TRUCKS HOOKED TO, TO OUR STANDARD 45, 50 FOOT WIRE TRAILERS. 
          BECAUSE OF THE TIGHT AREAS WERE REQUIRED TO WORK, WE HAD TO UP THE SUSPENSION ON THESE SMALL TRAILERS TO ACCOMMODATE THE 60,000 POUNDS OF CONDUCTOR WEIGHT. 
          AND THEY WERE MOVED AROUND AT THESE SITES WITH A CAT, VERY TIGHT QUARTERS. 
          UM, AND IT WORKED, WAS SUCCESSFUL IN, UH, GETTING THESE AREAS IN THESE TIGHT AREAS. 
          UH, PICTURED RIDE IS SOME SPACER BUGGIES THAT QUANTUM COMPANY BUILT TO SUPPORT THE SIX WIRE SPREAD AND SPACER INSTALLATION OF THE SIX BUNDLE WIRE. 
          SO IS THAT YEP, FOR ME. 
          THANKS FOLKS. 
          THANKS, DOUG. 
          UH, SO WE KNOW THIS IS VERY EARLY ON, BUT WE WANTED TO TALK ABOUT SOME MORE SPECIFICS WHEN YOU'RE REALLY COMPARING, UH, THE POTENTIAL 3 45 IMPORT, UM, PATH VERSUS THE 7 65 KV. 
          JUST TO PUT SOME NUMBERS, UH, TO IT, UH, THIS IS ALL, YOU KNOW, PRELIMINARY BASED ON INFORMATION FROM THE, UH, CURRENT ERCOT REPORT OUT. 
          AND JUST WANTED TO APPLY SOME, SOME REALISTIC NUMBERS TO IT TO GIVE A COMPARISON OF WHAT THE TWO COULD REALLY LOOK, LOOK LIKE FROM A MATERIAL AND CONSTRUCTION PERSPECTIVE. 
          UH, YOU LOOK AT THE 3 45 PATH, 676 MILES OF DOUBLE CIRCUIT 3 45, UH, VERSUS 1,255 MILES OF 7 65. 
          AND RIGHT OFF THE BAT, YOU LOOK AT CIRCUIT MILES, UH, YOU'RE OBVIOUSLY NEARLY THREE TIMES THE AMOUNT OF CIRCUIT MILES WHEN YOU LOOK AT THE, UM, UH, THE LABOR STYLE, WHAT IT TAKES TO STRING THAT. 
          UH, SO THE PURPOSES OF OUR KIND EVALUATION, UH, LOOKING AT THE MVA RATINGS OF A LINE, WE'VE LOOKED AT AN ASSUMED 1926 KC MILL, A CS CUMBERLAND FOR THE 3 45 KV LINES. 
          AND THEN FOR THE 7 65 KV, UH, SIX BUNDLE, 7, 9 5 TURN, AS THAT IS THE MOST RECENT CONFIGURATION. 
          UM, AND YOU REALLY SEE THAT, UH, EVEN THOUGH YOU'RE STRINGING SIX SUB CONDUCTORS PER PHASE, UH, YOU DO GET A LOT OF EFFICIENCIES ON THAT, UM, BY MINIMIZING THE AMOUNT OF PHASE MILES YOU'RE ACTUALLY INSTALLING. 
          UM, AND SO WHEN YOU LOOK AT, UH, DOING A OVERALL, UM, UH, UH, MATERIAL, UH, VALUATION OF HOW MUCH CIRCUIT MILES YOU ACTUALLY HAVE, OR ACTUALLY PHASE MILES, YOU KNOW, HAVING SLIGHTLY HIGHER AMOUNTS OF, UH, CONDUCTOR, PROBABLY ABOUT 20% MORE ACTUAL SUB CONDUCTOR IN THE AIR. 
          UH, BUT WHEN YOU LOOK AT THE COST OF 7, 9 5, UH, VERSUS THE A CSS, YOU ACTUALLY SEE ABOUT 25% SAVINGS ON THE MATERIAL COST OF 7 65 VERSUS 3 45. 
          UH, AND THEN A LITTLE SLIGHTLY, UH, 
          [00:25:01]
MINOR SAVINGS ON THE LABOR. 
          BUT STILL, YOU SEE THOSE EFFICIENCIES THAT, UM, THROUGH THE CONFIGURATION, UH, AND BEING ABLE TO MINIMIZE THE AMOUNT OF LINES YOU'RE BUILDING ON, YOU CAN ACTUALLY SEE, UH, SOME AMOUNT OF LABOR SAVINGS ON THAT SAME LINE. 
          BEFORE YOU MOVE ON, I THINK WE HAD A QUESTION OVER HERE. 
          YES. 
          YEAH, THAT'S FINE. 
          JUST, UH, COULD WE KEEP QUESTIONING THE USE YOUR MIC TURNED ON. 
          THERE YOU GO. 
          THERE WE GO. 
          SOPHISTICATED. 
          UM, WHERE ARE YOU GETTING YOUR SIX BUNDLE 7 95 A CSR COMPARISON? ARE YOU, I MEAN, IS IT NECESSARY TO TRANSITION FROM A CSS TO A CSR OR, I MEAN, WHAT'S THE BENEFIT OTHER THAN COST? RIGHT. 
          UM, MOVING AWAY FROM A CSS TO, UM, TO AN A CSR CONSTRUCTION, I MEAN, YOU'RE GONNA FOREGO SOME OF THE BENEFITS THAT A CSS HAS. 
          HOW DOES THE, THE IMPACT OF A SIX BUNDLE COMPARE ON AN AC CSR CONSTRUCTION TO AN AC SORRY. 
          SO WHEN YOU GET TO EHV, AND ESPECIALLY 7 65, REALLY, YOUR CONDUCTOR SIZE IS DRIVEN MORE BY CORONA THAN AMPACITY. 
          UH, THAT'S TO SAY YOU COULD NOT, YOU COULD INSTALL LARGER SUB CONDUCTORS, YOU COULD GO A CSS INHERENTLY, THE MINIMUM SIZE CONDUCTOR YOU NEED FOR 7 65 TYPICALLY GIVES YOU MORE AMPAC THAN YOU NEED. 
          UH, AND IF YOU'RE ABLE TO GET THE AM, YOU NEED A CSR, TYPICALLY, THAT'S GONNA BE A CHEAPER SOLUTION THAN A-A-A-C-S-S, WHICH, UH, YOU ALSO GET THE BENEFIT, RIGHT? WHEN YOU'RE OPERATING AT A CSR, YOU'RE OPERATING IN THOSE LOWER TEMPERATURES. 
          YOU HAVE LESS LINE LOSSES, WHICH INHERENTLY 7 65 HAS MUCH LESS LINE LOSSES. 
          UH, SO DOES A CSR. 
          UH, BUT THAT SAID, IF YOU WANTED TO TAKE, AND YOU WANTED TO DOUBLE THE CAPACITY OF A 7 65 KB LINE, YOU COULD INSTALL 7 9 5 A CSS AND DOUBLE THE CAPACITY. 
          SO YOU CAN DO IT, IT'S JUST NOT NECESSARY TO GET THE CAPACITY YOU NEED. 
          YEAH. 
          CAN I MAYBE, UH, TAKE A STAB AT THAT ANSWER ALSO? SO I THINK IT'S SPOT ON THERE. 
          LIKE THE, THE RATING OF THE 7 65 KV LINE WITH SIX BUNDLE WILL BE 8,000 MEGAWATTS NORMAL AND CLOSE TO 10,000 MEGAWATT EMERGENCY. 
          SO AT THAT POINT, YOU'RE LIMITED BY THE STATION EQUIPMENT. 
          SO THERE IS NO BENEFIT REALLY BE GOING BEYOND THAT OR USING A-A-C-S-S BECAUSE THE RATING IS NOT, YOU'RE NOT GONNA BE ABLE TO LOAD IT THAT MUCH BECAUSE OF THE EQUIPMENT ISSUES ON THE STATION END. 
          DOES IT MAKE SENSE? OKAY. 
          THANK YOU. 
          YEAH, GOOD QUESTION, THOUGH. 
          SO, FOLLOWING A, A SIMILAR LOGIC ON THE LATTICE TOWER SIDE, TO GET A COMPARISON THERE, YOU REALLY LOOK AT, UH, THE CAPACITY OF 7 65 VERSUS 3 45. 
          TYPICALLY, YOU'RE GONNA SEE LONGER SPANS, UH, PROBABLY 1200 FOOT VERSUS 1100 FOOT, WHICH DOESN'T SEEM LIKE MUCH WHEN YOU'RE TALKING ABOUT THE SCALE OF PROJECT THAT CAN ADD UP TO ABOUT A 10% REDUCTION IN TOWERS. 
          UH, AND JUST IN GENERALLY, WHEN YOU LOOK AT THE AMOUNT OF RIGHT OF WAY MILES FOR THESE TWO PROJECTS, UH, YOU SEE A PRETTY SIGNIFICANT DECREASE IN THE TOTAL NUMBER OF TOWERS YOU INSTALL ON 7 65 VERSUS 3 45. 
          AND THAT'S REALLY WHERE YOU GET YOUR BENEFITS, UH, 30 LESS, 30% LESS LOCATIONS. 
          EVEN IF THOSE TOWERS, UH, SHOW THAT THEY WEIGH, UH, SLIGHTLY LARGER AMOUNT IN WEIGHT OF STEEL, YOU'RE STILL GONNA GAIN LOTS OF EFFICIENCIES. 
          ON THE CONSTRUCTION SIDE, YOUR, YOUR PRICE PER POUND, YOUR PRICE PER TON FOR ERECTING THOSE TOWERS IS A LOT LOWER BECAUSE YOU'RE MOBILIZING LESS SITES. 
          YOU HAVE LESS SITE ACCESS, YOU HAVE LESS FOUNDATIONS TO INSTALL. 
          SO YOU GET LOTS OF EFFICIENCIES BY MINIMIZING YOUR WORK LOCATIONS THAT ALLOW YOU TO IMPROVE EFFICIENCIES AND COSTS, THAT CAN HELP BRING THE OVERALL PRICE DOWN. 
          UH, AND THAT'S WHERE YOU CAN KIND OF SEE, UH, AT THE BOTTOM ON THE 7 65 KV IMPORT PATH, UH, COMPARISON THERE, THAT'S COMPARING TO 3 45. 
          SO IF YOU'RE LOOKING FROM A PURELY SELF-SUPPORTING TO SELF-SUPPORTING DESIGN OPTION, UH, YOU KNOW, BASED ON SOME HIGH LEVEL, VERY HIGH LEVEL TOWER QUANTITIES AND TOWER WEIGHTS, UH, I THINK YOU WOULD SEE PROBABLY ABOUT A 5% INCREASE ON TOWER WEIGHT OVER 3 45. 
          UH, BUT WE FEEL THAT'LL BE A REALLY A NEGLIGIBLE COST INCREASE WHEN YOU LOOK AT THE EFFICIENCIES YOU GAIN ON THE LABOR SIDE FROM ERECTING THOSE TOWERS WHEN YOU'RE ABLE TO DECREASE YOUR PRICE PER POUND. 
          UH, SO THEY CAN CARRY BALANCE THAT OUT. 
          UH, AND ONE THING I WANTED TO HIGHLIGHT TOO IS, UH, THE USE OF GUIDE TOWERS. 
          UH, WE'VE UTILIZED GUIDE V TOWERS ON MANY PROJECTS RECENTLY, 500 KV. 
          UH, ON THE JACKSON PAR PROJECT, THERE WAS 7 65 GUIDE V UH, THOSE TOWERS TYPICALLY, UH, CAN SAVE ABOUT 20% ON AVERAGE FOR A TANGENT TOWER. 
          UH, THAT REALLY ALLOWS YOU TO GAIN LOTS OF EFFICIENCIES. 
          MINIMIZING THE MATERIAL, OF COURSE, REDUCES MATERIAL COSTS, REDUCES LABOR COST. 
          UH, IT CAN HELP, UH, ELIMINATE CONCRETE FOUNDATIONS WHERE YOU'RE GOING WITH MORE OF A, UH, GRILLAGE FOUNDATION FOR THE CENTER PEN AND FOR, UH, GUY ANCHORS. 
          UH, SO IN WEST TEXAS, THAT CAN BE A BENEFIT WHEN YOU'RE TRYING TO ELIMINATE THE NEED FOR CONCRETE. 
          UH, SO KIND OF SOME ADVANTAGES HERE, REALLY LOOK AT GUY TOWERS, UH, WEIGHT SAVINGS, REDUCE LABOR, TALK ABOUT CONCRETE REDUCTION. 
          UH, YOU DO HAVE A LARGER FOOTPRINT, BUT YOU LOOK AT THE LOCATION OF A PROJECT THAT REALLY GOES TO SEE IF THAT'S A DRIVING FACTOR. 
          UH, WEST TEXAS IS A PRETTY GOOD AREA. 
          THAT WOULD BE, 
          [00:30:01]
UM, YOU KNOW, LESS POPULATION DENSITY, PROBABLY A GOOD LOCATION FOR A GUY AND TOWER, WE CAN HAVE THESE EFFICIENCIES. 
          SO JUST TALK ABOUT THE PROCUREMENT. 
          WE TALK ABOUT THESE PROJECTS THAT ARE MEGA PROJECTS, UH, JUST SO YOU CAN KINDA GET A SCALE OF THE AMOUNT OF MATERIAL PROCUREMENT THAT QUANT DOES ON AN ANNUAL BASIS. 
          UH, LOOKING AT OVER A HUNDRED MILLION POUNDS OF STEEL A YEAR, UH, OVER 60 MILLION FEET OF CONDUCTOR PER YEAR. 
          AND WHEN YOU'RE TALKING ABOUT THAT SIZE, QUANTITY, YOU REALLY HAVE TO GO OUT TO GLOBAL MANUFACTURING, UH, TO GET THE CAPACITY YOU NEED. 
          UH, THROUGH ALL THESE LARGE PROJECTS WE'VE SHOWN, WE'VE GOT THE, THE TRACK RECORD AND THE CAPACITY TO GO OUT. 
          WE FOUND THE RIGHT VENDORS THAT CAN DO THAT. 
          UM, AND YOU REALLY ALWAYS TRUST AND VERIFY, RIGHT? SO WE GO THROUGH A PRETTY EXTENSIVE PROCESS OF AUDITING THESE FACTORIES TO MAKE SURE THEY'RE APPROVED FOR US. 
          AND THEN YOU HAVE TO FOLLOW UP WITH EXTENSIVE QAQC THROUGHOUT THE PROCESS, UH, MAKING SURE THAT YOU'RE GETTING THE CORRECT UT ROUTINE AND SAMPLE TESTING, MAKING SURE EVERYTHING'S GONNA BE MANUFACTURED ACCORDING TO STANDARDS. 
          UH, SO WE HAVE A GOOD RECORD OF THAT TO MAKE SURE WE'RE ABLE TO GET QUALITY PRODUCT, UH, FOR THESE LARGER PROJECTS AND TIME THAT'LL ACTUALLY ALLOW US TO BUILD THEM. 
          SO WE GOT, UH, ANOTHER SLIDE HERE. 
          UH, DOUG CAN TALK ABOUT THIS AS WELL. 
          SO I GUESS SHERMAN RILEY IS A, UH, GO AHEAD. 
          YEAH. 
          YEP. 
          QUANTA ACQUIRED SHERMAN RILEY THIS YEAR IN END, APRIL 1ST OF MAY. 
          UM, THEY'VE BEEN A LEADER IN THE DISTRIBUTION TRANSMISSION LINE INDUSTRY FOR 97 YEARS NOW. 
          STARTED IN 1927. 
          UM, PICTURED HERE IS A DESIGN THAT THEY CAME UP WITH FOR THE FIRST SIX BUNDLE BUILT HERE. 
          THIS WAS WEST VIRGINIA. 
          THIS WAS, UH, SIX BUNDLE TRAVELER REQUIRING SEVEN SHIVS, OF COURSE, FOR BALANCE CENTER SHIP HERE IS HEAVILY REINFORCED TO SUPPORT THE WEIGHT OF THE POLLING LINE TILL THE, UH, RUN AND BOARD CLEARS THE TRAVELER AND DISPERSES THE WEIGHT ACROSS THE ALL. 
          SO THIS IS, UH, TRIED AND TRUE DESIGN. 
          IF WE DESIGN, MAYBE GET YOU CLOSER TO THE MIC SO THAT THE FOLKS, I'M SORRY ON THE LINE CAN HEAR YOU. 
          SORRY. 
          THANK YOU. 
          SORRY. 
          UM, I DON'T KNOW IF EVERYBODY WAS ABLE TO HEAR ME ON THAT, BUT THIS, THIS IS A TRIED AND TRUE DESIGN THAT SHERMAN AND RILEY HAS FOR THEIR TRAVELER. 
          THEY JUST BROADENED IT HERE AND ADDED MORE SHIVS THAT WE'RE USING THESE EVERY DAY IN THE FIELD ON OUR PROJECTS. 
          UM, THIS, THIS IS A 36 INCH TRAVELER. 
          THEY'RE VERY COMMON AND WORK EFFICIENT FOR HELICOPTER SUPPORT OR GROUND SUPPORT. 
          UM, BUT I DON'T KNOW IF EVERYBODY HEARD ME IN THE BEGINNING, BUT QUANTA DID JUST ACQUIRE SHERMAN RILEY THIS YEAR, END OF APRIL, 1ST OF MAY. 
          AND, AND THEY'VE BEEN A LEADER IN THE INDUSTRY FOR 97 YEARS. 
          UH, BUILDING PRODUCTS, STRINGING PRIMARILY IS THEIR, UH, FOCUS, AND THEY DO A GOOD JOB AT IT. 
          THIS PICTURE SHOWS A SIX BUNDLE RUN BOARD. 
          YOU HAVE YOUR PULLING LINE, THREEQUARTER HARD LINE, HOOKED TO THE NOSE OF IT, FOLLOWED BY THE, UH, SIX CONDUCTORS COMING IN. 
          AND THIS HAS BEEN AROUND FOR A LONG TIME THAT WE ARE LOOKING AT NEW DESIGNS FOR THIS BOARD. 
          WE'VE TRIED, AND WE HAVE PROVEN, UH, EFFICIENCIES IN THE FIELD ON A DESIGN CHANGE. 
          SO THEY'RE CURRENTLY WORKING ON CHANGING THIS DESIGN. 
          UM, THE PROBLEM WE HAVE WITH THESE IS, UH, THAT LONG TAIL TO KEEP BALANCE, KEEP THE, IT KEEPS THE BOARD FROM ROLLING. 
          AND AS IT CLEARS THESE STREAMING BLOCKS HERE, YOU CAN SEE WHEN IT GOES THROUGH THE SECOND ONE, IT'LL, I BELIEVE THIS IS A PHOTO. 
          IT, IT, WE'VE HAD ISSUES THIS HERE WHERE IT SIDEWAYS, THE TAIL WILL FLOP OVER THE OUTSIDE OF YOUR LOWER CONDUCTORS. 
          AND, UH, THEN YOUR BOARD SPINS UP, WRAPS YOUR PHASES. 
          SO WE, WE HAVE DESIGNS NOW THAT'S PROVEN TO BE WAY MORE EFFICIENT, AND WE, WE DON'T HAVE ANY, UH, BOARD ROLLING ISSUES ANYMORE. 
          BUT IF YOU WATCH IT GO THROUGH THE SECOND TRAVELER THERE, SEE HOW THE TAIL IT FLIPS OVER THE OUTSIDE CONDUCTORS, THAT BOARD WILL GO OUT THERE AND THEN FLIP UPSIDE DOWN BECAUSE OF THE BALANCE. 
          SO WE'VE IMPROVED ON THAT. 
          SHERMAN RILEY'S A LEADER. 
          THEY'RE, THEY'RE VERY GOOD. 
          UM, IT'S BEEN GOOD HAVING THEM AS A, ON OUR TEAM. 
          WE ADDRESS 'EM WITH ISSUES WE'VE HAD IN THE FIELD THAT WE'VE NEVER COVERED BEFORE, AND THEY JUMP RIGHT ON IT AND MAKE IMMEDIATE CHANGES. 
          THEY'RE ALSO MAKING, UH, CHANGES TO BIGGER STRINGING, UH, PULLING EQUIPMENT, POLARS TENSIONERS, UH, TO SUPPORT THE DEMAND FOR THE INDUSTRY TODAY WITH THE LINE SIZE CHANGES, WIRE SIZE AND EVERYTHING, HIGHER TENSIONS. 
          SO THEY'RE, UH, FOREFRONT IN, UH, COMING UP WITH DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT ON THAT. 
          THANK YOU. 
          [00:35:06]
SO AT CUNO, WE SAY THAT, UM, OUR VISION IS THAT WE'RE GONNA BUILD THE INFRASTRUCTURE THAT POWERS THE MODERN QUALITY OF LIFE. 
          AND WHEN I, WHEN I REALLY THINK ABOUT IT, IT MEANS OUR PEOPLE POWER, MODERN LIFE. 
          UM, AT THE VERY HEART OF OUR BUSINESS IS CRAFT SKILL LABOR. 
          IT IS AT THE FOUNDATION OF QUANTA SERVICES. 
          AND YOU HEARD KENNY AT THE START, TALKED ABOUT SOME OUTPUTS, SOME REALLY IMPRESSIVE OUTPUTS. 
          UH, 55,000 CRAFT SKILL LABORERS, RIGHT? WE'RE NUMBER ONE ON UNION AND NON-UNION ELECTRICAL WORKERS, UH, IN NORTH AMERICA. 
          THE NUMBERS, THE SIZE, THE CAPACITY ARE IMPORTANT. 
          BUT WHEN, WHEN WE DRILL DOWN TO IT, AND WE, WE LOOK AT OUR LEADERSHIP TEAM, OUR LEADERSHIP TEAM AT QA SERVICE, OUR EXECUTIVE LEADERSHIP TEAM, ALL CAME FROM THE CRAFT, THE FIELD, UH, OR WERE OPERATIONALLY DRIVEN, ALL OF THEM. 
          AND BECAUSE OF THAT, UH, WE FEEL WE HAVE A COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE WHERE WE'RE ABLE TO CONNECT TO THE FIELD. 
          WE UNDERSTAND HOW TO RECRUIT, HOW TO RETAIN, AND HOW TO DEVELOP CRAFT SKILL, LABOR. 
          IT'S A PART OF OUR STRATEGY. 
          IT'S BEEN PART OF OUR STRATEGY, UH, FOR, SINCE THE INCEPTION OF QANA. 
          AND BECAUSE OF THAT, AS, AS KENNY MENTIONED BEFORE, WE DO FEEL LIKE WE ARE, WE ARE READY. 
          I GET THE QUESTION ALL THE TIME, UH, BO YOU KNOW, HEY, WE'RE TALKING ABOUT 1300 MILES OF 7 65 IN TEXAS. 
          IS IT, DO, DO, DO THE RESOURCES, DOES THE CRAFT SKILL LABOR, DO THE CONSTRUCTION RESOURCES REALLY EXIST? AND MY ANSWER EVERY TIME IS YES. 
          AND THEY EXIST IN QUANTUM SERVICES. 
          AND THE REASON IS BECAUSE OF OUR INVESTMENT IN CRAFT SKILL, UH, WE'VE INVESTED OVER $150 MILLION OVER THE LAST THREE YEAR YEARS IN SAFETY AND TRAINING. 
          UH, WE WERE VERY STRATEGIC IN BUYING NORTHWEST LINEMAN COLLEGE. 
          WE HAVE FOUR LOCATIONS WHERE WE NOW TRAIN. 
          UH, WE HAVE STUDENTS THAT GRADUATE FROM NORTHWEST LYMAN COLLEGE THAT HAVE AN ADVANTAGE, AN ADVANTAGE WHERE THEY'RE ABLE TO SHORTEN THEIR TIME FROM APPRENTICE TO JOURNEYMEN. 
          THEY GET ELECTRICAL THEORY, CDL, THEY LEARN HOW TO CLIMB. 
          THEY LEARN THE CULTURE AND THE MINDSET AND NECESSARY TO BE IN THIS BUSINESS AT THE, AT THOSE SCHOOLS. 
          UH, WE HAVE 2,400 STUDENTS THAT GRADUATE ANNUALLY. 
          WE'VE INVESTED IN OUR ADVANCED TRAINING CENTER AT THE LAZY Q IN TEXAS, IN LAG GRANGE, TEXAS. 
          UH, THAT ADVANCED TRAINING CENTER IS WHERE WE TAKE OUR EMPLOYEES, RIGHT? AND, AND WE DO THINGS TO MAKE SURE THAT WE STAY AHEAD OF THE INDUSTRY AHEAD OF THE CURVE. 
          THAT MEANS AVIATION TRAINING. 
          DOUG TALKED ABOUT, UH, THE CHINOOK AND SOME OF THE THINGS WE'RE DOING WITH THE ANTI-ROTATION DEVICE. 
          ENERGIZED WORK. 
          WE CAN CREATE LIVE LINE WORK UP TO 3 45 KV HOT STICK, UH, HIGH INDUCTION CORRIDOR STRINGING, RIGHT? THE LIST GOES ON AND ON AND ON ABOUT THE SPECIALIZED STRING THAT WE CAN DO AT THAT FACILITY TO PREPARE FOR THE WORK TO COME. 
          WHEN I THINK ABOUT STRONGHOLD UNIVERSITY, UH, WE TRAIN 7,000 INDIVIDUALS A YEAR, UH, ON 50 DIFFERENT CRAFT SKILLS. 
          WE HAVE APPRENTICESHIP PROGRAMS, WE HAVE MOBILE TRAINING. 
          WE ARE TRAINING TENS OF THOUSANDS OF EMPLOYEES ANNUALLY. 
          IT IS PART OF OUR STRATEGY, IT'S PART OF EVERYTHING THAT WE DO. 
          I TALK ABOUT, YOU KNOW, WORKFORCE DEVELOPMENT. 
          I SAID BEFORE WE KNOW WHERE TO RECRUIT FROM. 
          UH, WE HAVE SEVERAL PARTNERSHIPS WHERE WE'VE BEEN ABLE TO, UH, TO RECRUIT A LOT OF TALENT THAT, THAT REMAINS IN OUR ORGANIZATION TODAY. 
          UH, SAM HOUSTON. 
          SO WE'VE BEEN IN PARTNERSHIP WITH SAM HOUSTON WITH WORKFORCE DEVELOPMENT, THE TEXAS STATE UNIVERSITY SYSTEM. 
          SO THAT'S ALL THE INSTITUTIONS INSIDE TEXAS STATE. 
          UH, WE WORK WITH VETERANS. 
          UH, SO WE HAVE THE HEROES PROGRAM. 
          WE'RE WORKING WITH US ARMED FORCES. 
          MOST OF THE INDIVIDUALS THAT COME THROUGH THAT PROGRAM GO TO OUR ADVANCED TRAINING CENTER AND ARE PART OF OUR 15 WEEK APPRENTICESHIP PROGRAM AT THAT, AT AT, UH, AT THE LAZY QUEUE. 
          UH, THESE ARE JUST SOME HIGHLIGHTS, AGAIN, MORE OUTPUTS. 
          UH, I KIND OF, I KIND OF WANNA LEAVE YOU WITH THIS AND THEN REALLY OPEN THE FLOOR TO, TO QUESTIONS. 
          YOU KNOW, THIS, MIKE HAD TO SLIDE UP BEFORE ABOUT EARLY ENGAGEMENT. 
          UH, WE ARE A SOLUTION PROVIDER AT QA. 
          UM, AND I THINK EARLY ENGAGEMENT IN THIS CASE IS REALLY CRITICAL. 
          IF WE'RE ABLE TO GET IN EARLY, WE CAN HELP WITH DESIGN, WE CAN HELP WITH CONSTRUCTABILITY, WE CAN DRIVE DOWN COSTS, BUT THE OTHER PIECE OF EARLY ENGAGEMENT MEANS WE HAVE LINE OF SIGHT TO THE WORK, AND WE HAVE THE ABILITY TO PLAN OUR RESOURCES. 
          SO WE TALK ABOUT THE 55,000 CRAFT SCHOOL LABORERS. 
          WE TALK ABOUT ALL THE INVESTMENTS WE'VE MADE IN DEVELOPMENT AND TRAINING. 
          IF WE 
          [00:40:01]
HAVE LINE OF SIGHT, WE CAN PLAN THIS WORK TOGETHER, WE CAN, UH, AND I HAVE NO CONCERNS ABOUT LABOR RESTRICTIONS OR INABILITY TO EXECUTE ZERO. 
          WELCOME, UH, WELCOME QUESTIONS. 
          YOU GOT ONE OVER HERE? YEAH. 
          SO AS, AS YOU HAVE 7 65 LINES IN SERVICE, WHAT DOES THE FUTURE LOOK LIKE AS FAR AS ENERGIZED WORK ON THOSE LINES FOR MAINTENANCE ACTIVITIES AS FAR AS CREWS AND, AND TRAINING ON THAT AND EQUIPMENT? YEAH, I'M, I MEAN, I'LL LET DOUG SPEAK SOME, BUT I, I THINK FOR US, UM, I MEAN, TODAY WE'VE GOT ROBOTIC ARMS THAT, UH, WE CAN GO UP TO 7 65. 
          UM, YOU KNOW, WE CAN, WE CAN BUILD OUR TRAINING CURRICULUM AROUND THAT. 
          YOU KNOW, YOU TAKE LIVE LINE TODAY AT LAZY CUES 3 45, BUT THE PRINCIPLES OF, OF ELECTRIC THEORY AND, AND WORKING BARE HAND ARE GONNA BE THE SAME AS YOU, AS YOU STEP UP. 
          UM, DOUG, IF YOU WANNA ADD TO IT, YEAH. 
          IT'S BECOMING MORE AND MORE OF A DEMAND ACROSS COUNTRY TO WORK THESE LINES ENERGIZED, JUST BECAUSE OF THE RESTRAINTS WE HAVE ON GETTING OUTAGES. 
          AND SO WE HAVE OPERATING UNITS SPREAD OUT ACROSS COUNTRY. 
          ANYTIME THE, THE QUESTION COMES UP, CAN YOU DO THIS HOT? IF THAT OPERATING UNIT IS NOT TRAINED, WE SEND THEM TO THE LAZY QUEUE. 
          THAT'S WHERE WE HAVE OUR BARE HAND TRAINING. 
          WE TRAIN THESE OPERATING UNITS, A TEAM OF THEM UP TO, TO GO OUT. 
          WE, WE LOOK AT THE LINE DESIGN, WHAT TYPE OF STRUCTURE THEY'RE WORKING ON, MAKE SURE THEY'RE TRAINED ON THAT. 
          AND THEY GET THE BEST TRAINING IN THE WORLD TODAY ON, UH, LIVELINE BARE HAND TRAINING. 
          SO IT, IT IS COMING MORE AND MORE POPULAR. 
          WE STARTED OUT WITH, YOU KNOW, TWO, THREE OPERATING UNITS THAT WERE ABLE TO DO IT. 
          NOW WE HAVE EXCESS OF, I THINK THERE'S EIGHT OR 10 THAT ARE DOING IT BECAUSE IT'S REQUIRED IN THEIR AREAS. 
          ON AVERAGE. 
          HOW LONG WOULD YOU SAY THAT TRAINING PROGRAM IS? I BELIEVE IT IS A FOUR WEEK COURSE, AND IT'S RIGHT OUT HERE AT LAG GRANGE AT THE LEISURE QUEUE. 
          I THINK BO DOES THAT SOUND RIGHT? FOUR WEEK. 
          UH, IT'S A, IT'S A TWO WEEK COURSE, TWO WEEK, UH, BUT YOU'VE GOTTA BE A JOURNEYMAN AND YOU, I MEAN, YOU ACTUALLY APPLY INTO THE PROGRAM. 
          YOU, YOU'RE VETTED FIRST THROUGH THE OPERATING UNIT, THE COMPANY, AND THEN, UH, YOU GO INTO THAT PROGRAM AND IT REQUIRES ANNUAL CERTIFICATION. 
          SO EVERY YEAR YOU'VE GOTTA GO BACK IN FOR YOUR TWO WEEK CHRISTIE AS A, AS A, AS A TAKEAWAY FROM THE DAY, IF YOU WANT, WE, WE COULD COORDINATE A TOUR OF THAT FACILITY AT THE RIGHT PLACE AT THE RIGHT TIME. 
          ENCORE, CENTERPOINT, ENTERGY, A EP, THEY'VE SEEN IT, THEY UNDERSTAND WHAT WE'RE TALKING ABOUT. 
          THEY, THEY UNDERSTAND OUR ENERGIZED SERVICE CAPABILITIES, WHAT WE DO THERE, HOW WE TRAIN OUR RESPONSIVENESS TO QUESTIONS YOU'RE NOT GONNA FIND ANYWHERE ELSE IN THE WORLD. 
          THOSE GUYS ARE THE BEST OF THE BEST. 
          WE HAVE EVERY CONFIGURATION OF TRANSMISSION THAT'S AVAILABLE TODAY OUT THERE IN, IN, IN THE YARD. 
          SO WE WORK ON ALL DIFFERENT TYPES OF CONFIGURATIONS, AND WE'LL CONTINUE TO GROW THAT SPACE LONG TERM. 
          SO I'D LIKE TO ADD THAT OUR AVIATION DEPARTMENT IS HIGHLY INVOLVED IN THAT ALSO WITH, UH, BRINGING AIRCRAFT INTO THE ENERGIZED CORRIDOR AND WORKING AT BARE HAND OFF THE SIDE OF THE HELICOPTER. 
          SO, AND THEN I HAD ONE MORE QUESTION. 
          I WASN'T FOLLOWING THE CONDUCTOR COMPARISON, MICHAEL, THAT YOU WENT THROUGH, UH, THE, THE MILES THAT WERE IN THERE. 
          I WASN'T, THEY WEREN'T, THEY DIDN'T SEEM APPLES TO APPLES ON THE SCENARIO. 
          WELL, IT WAS REALLY LOOKING TO TAKE THOSE, UH, THOSE RAILWAY MILES, TURN IT INTO ACTUAL, ACTUAL CONDUCTOR FOOTAGE LENGTH TO GET THE COMPARISON. 
          SO GOING THROUGH, JUST DOING VERY BASIC COMPARISON, JOHN, ON WHAT, UH, FOOTAGE IS. 
          SO THOSE TWO LINE CONFIGURATIONS, I THINK 3 45, UH, CONFIGURATION FOR THE 1600 PLUS MILES OF DOUBLE CIRCUIT 3 45. 
          IT WAS ABOUT A HUNDRED MILLION FEET OF CONDUCTOR, 7 65 TO 1,255 MILES, UH, SIX BUNDLE, UH, TURNED OUT TO BE ABOUT 120 MILLION FEET OF CONDUCTOR. 
          AND THAT'S WHERE YOU SEE THE DIFFERENCES ON THE ACTUAL FOOTAGE. 
          UH, YOU LOOK AT SOME REALLY ROUGH COST PER FOOT ON THOSE CONDUCTORS. 
          THAT'S WHERE YOU SEE THAT EVEN THOUGH YOU HAVE MORE CONDUCTOR ON THE 7, 9 5 STATUE CHEAPER THAN THE QUILL AND A CSS, AND THEN, UH, YOU GET THE EFFICIENCIES, EVEN THOUGH YOU HAVE LARGER FOOTAGE OF CONDUCTOR LOOKING AT THE MAN HOURS TO ACTUALLY INSTALL THOSE, UH, IT ACTUALLY GETS A REDUCTION, BUT IT'S JUST A VERY BASIC COMPARISON OF FOOTAGE. 
          OKAY. 
          SO WERE THOSE RIGHT OF AWAY MILES OR WERE THEY CONDUCTOR MILES? 'CAUSE ONE WAS 1,601 WAS 1200 RIGHT AWAY. 
          MILES. 
          I GUESS THAT'S WHERE I'M CONFUSED. 
          HOW ARE THE, HOW ARE THE CONDUCTOR MILES DIFFERENT? YOU HAD THE 3 45 DOUBLE CIRCUIT AT 1600 AND THE 7 65 AT 1200. 
          YEAH, SO, SORRY. 
          SO YEAH, SO THAT'S CIRCUIT MILES. 
          YEAH. 
          RIGHTAWAY MILES 1600, 3, 200 CIRCUIT MILES OF 3 45. 
          [00:45:05]
SO WAS THIS A, WAS IT A COMPARISON OF LIKE SAME ENDPOINT, SAME ENDPOINTS, OR WAS THIS A DIFFERENT IMPORT PATH, OR THIS WAS JUST PULLING THE, UH, LINE LINKS FROM THE ERCOT STUDY? ALL RIGHT, GUYS, THANK YOU VERY MUCH. 
          IF THERE'S NO OTHER QUESTIONS, SORRY, I HAVE ONE QUESTION. 
          ARE Y'ALL NOTICING SUB DIFFERENT, SUBSTANTIALLY DIFFERENT CONSTRUCTION TIMES BETWEEN THE 3 45 AND 7 65 SOLUTIONS? UM, IT'S BEEN THE GENERAL CONCERN AMONGST STAKEHOLDERS IS THAT THERE'S SUBSTANTIALLY DIFFERENT PROCUREMENT AND CONSTRUCTION TIMELINES BETWEEN THE TWO. 
          UM, I KNOW IT'S NOT AN ALL THINGS BE EQUAL DISCUSSION, BUT CAN YOU COMMENT OR PROVIDE SOME INSIGHT ON THAT? YEAH, I'LL COMMENT, UH, TURN DOUG AS WELL. 
          I MEAN, ONE, YOU KNOW, I THINK WHEN YOU THINK ABOUT IT, WE GOTTA LEVELIZE LIKE WHAT ASSUMPTIONS WE'RE MAKING. 
          UH, AND WHEN I SAY THAT, I MEAN, KIND OF THE VARIABLES WOULD BE AROUND RIGHT OF WAY AND, AND FOUNDATIONS AS FAR AS THE CONSTRUCTION SCOPE. 
          BUT IF I, IF I REALLY LOOK AT 3 45 TO 7 65, I MEAN, YOU'RE LOOKING AT LARGER STRUCTURES. 
          UM, YOU KNOW, I THINK, YOU KNOW, IF WE TOOK THE SUNZI PROJECT IN, IN A LOT OF WAYS, THE, THE WIRE WEIGHT AND TENSION REQUIREMENTS ARE, ARE TOUGHER THERE THAN THEY ACTUALLY WOULD BE ON THE 7 65. 
          IF WE PUT A, JUST A GENERAL FACTOR TO IT, I WOULD SAY, YOU KNOW, YOU MIGHT BE TALKING ABOUT A ONE, 1.2 TO 1.3 TYPE, UH, ADDER, YOU KNOW, MULTIPLIER ON TIME. 
          BUT I, I DON'T, I THINK IT'S PRETTY MINIMAL, ESPECIALLY IF YOU'RE COMPARING 3 45 DOUBLE CIRCUIT TO 7 65 SINGLE. 
          DOUG, I DON'T KNOW IF YOU HAVE ANYTHING YOU WANNA ADD TO THAT. 
          NO, THAT'S GOOD. 
          UM, THERE'S, YOU KNOW, LEARNING CURVED EVERYTHING. 
          OBVIOUSLY THREE BUNDLE WIRE IS A LITTLE DIFFERENT THAN TWO. 
          AND WHEN YOU STEP UP TO SIX, IT'S A LITTLE LEARNING CURVE, BUT IT, THERE IS A LITTLE MORE TIME IN THE, UH, INSTALLATION JUST 'CAUSE YOU'RE DEALING WITH MORE WIRES. 
          UM, PROCUREMENT WISE, I DON'T KNOW THAT, YOU KNOW, THERE WE PROCURE THE THREE BUNDLE, TWO BUNDLE OR SIX BUNDLE. 
          I MEAN, IT'S ALL PROCUREMENT FOR THE TIME-WISE FOR RECEIVING MATERIALS ON THAT. 
          I DON'T THINK PROCUREMENT IS AN ISSUE, BUT, UH, INSTALLATION AND WORKING IT UP, UH, GET THROUGH THE LEARNING CURVES AND IT'S JUST A FEW MORE WIRES YOU'RE DEALING WITH, BASICALLY STRINGING EVERYTHING GOES IN SAME SPEED. 
          AND YEAH, WE, WE, WE ARE HAPPY TO, LIKE, IF, IF WE CAN GET, UM, A, A SET OF ASSUMPTIONS, I MEAN, WE'RE HAPPY TO LOOK AT IT AND PUT TOGETHER, UM, YOU KNOW, BOTH FROM A TIME STANDPOINT, CONSTRUCTION TIMELINE AND ALSO CONSTRUCTION CALL. 
          WE'RE HAPPY TO BUILD THAT OUT. 
          I THINK THE MAIN THING IS THAT WE'RE LOOKING APPLES TO APPLES ABOUT, UH, HOW WE, HOW WE WANT TO COMPARE. 
          BUT, BUT THE TEAM WOULD GIVE A, A HIGH LEVEL OF EFFORT TO, TO MAKE SURE THAT WE DELIVER SOMETHING QUALITY BACK. 
          YEAH, AND JUST TO ADD TO THAT, AND MICHAEL, YOU CAN CHIME IN. 
          UH, SOME OF THE, THE NUMBERS WE RAN THROUGH, IT'S ON THE ERCOT REPORT. 
          UH, YOU KNOW, AS, AS BO SAID, THE DOUBLE CIRCUIT 3 45, THEY'RE BEFORE THOSE, UH, LINES VERSUS THREE, UH, SEVEN 60 FIVES, UH, SINGLE CIRCUIT. 
          AND THE, THE SPACING, UH, BETWEEN TOWERS, UH, HELPS REDUCE THE NUMBER OF TOWERS. 
          SO YES, THE 7 65 ARE LARGER TOWERS, HOWEVER, YOU HAVE LESS OF THEM. 
          SO WHEN YOU'RE MOBILIZING CREWS OUT THERE AND ALL THAT, YOU'RE GETTING, UH, UH, MORE TO JUST STEEL INSTALLED BY CREWS AT A SINGLE LOCATION INSTEAD OF SET UP TIMES AND ALL THAT. 
          SO THERE, THERE'S SOME BENEFITS TO BE GAINED BY HAVING, UH, UM, THE 7 65 OVER THE 3 45. 
          UH, SO THEY KIND OF, UH, WORK THROUGH IT. 
          AND, YOU KNOW, AS, AS MICHAEL SAID, WE JUST KINDA LOOKED AT THE ERCOT REPORT ON FOUR, UH, DOUBLE CIRCUIT 3 45 VERSUS, UH, THE THREE, UH, SINGLE CIRCUIT 7 65. 
          THERE IS ONE QUESTION FROM THE, UH, CHAT, UH, HERE. 
          UH, IT'S ABOUT HOW YOU JUSTIFY THE SIX BUNDLE, UH, DESIGN VERSUS, UH, THREE BUNDLE DESIGN FOR THE SAME CAPACITY. 
          WHAT, WHAT MAKES THIS BUNDLE A BETTER DESIGN? UH, SO I CAN TALK ABOUT THAT. 
          SO I THINK HISTORICALLY 7 65 WAS, UH, ALWAYS A QUAD BUNDLE. 
          UH, A EP WAS THE ONE THAT, UH, PIONEERED THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE SIX BUNDLE, UH, BACK IN THE EARLY TWO THOUSANDS. 
          THEY COULD PROBABLY SPEAK MORE TO THAT SPECIFICALLY, BUT I THINK IN GENERAL, UH, MY UNDERSTANDING OF IT IS, WAS REALLY A BENEFIT, UH, TO MINIMIZE, UH, AUDIBLE NOISE AND, UH, MINIMIZE, UH, EFFECTS OF CORONA. 
          YEAH. 
          HEY GUYS, THIS IS CAMERON FROM A EP. 
          I CAN SPEAK TO THAT A LITTLE BIT. 
          YEAH, SO AUDIBLE NOISE, DEFINITELY, IT, IT REDUCES 
          [00:50:01]
BY ROUGHLY 10, YOU KNOW, DEPENDING ON WHERE YOU ARE REGION WISE, YOU KNOW, ANYWHERE FROM SIX TO 10 DECIBELS WHEN YOU GO FROM FOUR TO SIX. 
          UM, THE OTHER IMPORTANT ASPECT OF IT IS ALSO VERY, UH, LOW IMPEDANCE. 
          UH, SO AGAIN, IN AREAS WHERE YOU ARE HAVE VERY LONG TRANSMISSION LINES AND YOU'RE TRYING TO IMPROVE YOUR SIL SO THE IMPEDANCE CAN BE LOWER AND THE LOAD ABILITY CAN BE HIGHER, UH, THEN THAT IS A VERY SIGNIFICANT BENEFIT. 
          IT DOESN'T REALLY ADD A LOT OF VALUE CAPACITY WISE BECAUSE AT THE END OF THE DAY, EVEN FOUR BUNDLE IS A LOT OF CAPACITY, BUT SIX BUNDLE WILL BE REALLY BENEFICIAL IN AREAS WHERE YOU NEED LOWER IMPEDANCE FOR LONGER PATHS, UH, HIGHER SURGE IMPEDANCE LOADING, ESPECIALLY IN AREAS LIKE TEXAS WHERE THE LINES MAY BE 300 MILE LONG. 
          RIGHT. 
          IT WILL DEFINITELY HELP SIGNIFICANTLY THERE. 
          ONE ADDITIONAL QUESTION FROM THE SHOT IS, UM, COULD YOU COMMENT ON THE COST SAVINGS OF, UH, RAILWAY COMPARING 3 45 KB AND 7 65 KB? YOU WANNA MIND? SO I THINK THEY'RE ACTUALLY PROBABLY PRETTY CLOSE. 
          IF YOU LOOK AT THE RIGHT OF WAY MILES, I THINK ESTIMATES ARE, 3 45 WOULD GO WITH 150 FOOT WIDE RIGHT OF WAY, AND 7 65 WOULD BE A 200 FOOT RIGHT OF WAY. 
          AND I THINK THEY'RE ACTUALLY END UP BEING, UH, A VERY SIMILAR ACREAGE BETWEEN THE TWO OF THEM. 
          THANK YOU. 
          APPRECIATE. 
          ALL RIGHT, WE'RE GONNA MOVE RIGHT INTO 
          [Equipment Manufacturer Presentation]
OUR NEXT PRESENTER, UM, WHICH IS HICO RIGHT THERE IN THE MIDDLE. 
          OKAY. 
          I THINK THAT'S IT. 
          I, HOW I GET THAT IN LIKE SLIDESHOW LOAD COMPUTER. 
          THANK YOU. 
          OKAY, AWESOME. 
          OKAY. 
          UH, GOOD MORNING. 
          UH, MY NAME'S JASON NEIL, PRESIDENT OF JOONG HECO, UH, SENIOR EXECUTIVE VICE PRESIDENT OF HECO AMERICA. 
          UH, I'VE BEEN WITH THE COMPANY FOR 23 YEARS SINCE WE OPENED OUR BUSINESS HERE IN THE STATES IN 2001. 
          THIS IS THE FIRST OPPORTUNITY WE'VE HAD TO BE HERE WITH ERCOT. 
          VERY HONORED TO BE HERE. 
          APPRECIATE THE OPPORTUNITY AND APPRECIATE THE INVITATION FROM, UH, AMERICAN ELECTRIC POWER AS WELL. 
          AND LOOK FORWARD TO SHARING SOME INFORMATION TODAY. 
          UH, CO-PRESENTING WITH ME TODAY IS MR. ALEX EVERETT. 
          UH, ALEX HAS BEEN WITH HECO FOR 18 YEARS, WORKED TOGETHER A LONG TIME. 
          UH, ALEX IS MANAGING DIRECTOR OF OUR PRODUCTS AND SOLUTION OFFERINGS AT HECO AMERICA, AND WE HAVE A LOT OF FOLKS JOINING REMOTELY AS WELL FROM PITTSBURGH AND MEMPHIS. 
          UH, VINCE KYOTO, OUR SALES AND MARKETING APPLICATION ENGINEERING VP, UM, ANTHONY NA, WHO'S OUR, UH, APPLICATION ENGINEERING MANAGER, AS WELL AS, UH, TEAM FROM MEMPHIS, MCCOON BAG WATER GM, UH, RICKY BROWN, QUALITY MANAGER, MIKE BOTTY, PRINCIPAL ENGINEER AMONG OTHERS. 
          SO TODAY COVER A LITTLE BIT JUST, UH, INTRODUCING HICO, OUR ORGANIZATION, WHAT WE'RE ALL ABOUT. 
          UH, TALK A LITTLE BIT ABOUT, UH, THE FACILITIES WE HAVE, THE EQUIPMENT WE'VE SUPPLIED, UH, SOME OF THE CAPABILITIES WE HAVE EXPANSIONS. 
          WE'RE MAKING OUR 7 65 KV EXPERIENCE AND OUR EHV EXPERIENCE OVERALL. 
          AND WE'RE GONNA ADDRESS, UM, SUPPLY CHAIN CONCERNS. 
          HOT TOPIC. 
          SO JUST A ROUGH IDEA OF OUR COMPANY. 
          SUNG HOLDINGS IS OUR PARENT COMPANY. 
          UH, THEY'RE TRADED ON THE KOREAN STOCK EXCHANGE. 
          THEY HAVE A LOT OF DIFFERENT BUSINESSES, UM, THAT INCLUDE SPANDEX FOR THE WORLD'S NUMBER ONE PRODUCER OF SPANDEX, INCLUDING ECO-FRIENDLY SPANDEX. 
          UH, WE'RE A SUPPLIER OF ATM MACHINES. 
          WE ACTUALLY HAVE A LARGE OPERATION HEADQUARTERED HERE IN, UH, TEXAS AND DALLAS, BUT WE'RE PART OF, UH, SUNG HEAVY INDUSTRIES. 
          SO TRADED ON THE KOREAN STOCK EXCHANGE, UH, SUNG HEAVY INDUSTRIES HAS A CONSTRUCTION ARM, HAS AN INDUSTRIAL, UH, INDUSTRIAL MACHINERY ARM. 
          UH, WE'RE PART OF THE POWER SYSTEMS ARM. 
          SO WE'LL TALK A LITTLE BIT TODAY ABOUT, YOU KNOW, TWO PRIMARY BUSINESSES WITHIN HILLSONG HEAVY INDUSTRIES. 
          UH, ONE IS OUR CHANG JUAN OPERATION, WHICH I'LL TALK ABOUT, UH, SHORTLY. 
          AND THEN OF COURSE, OUR US OPERATION. 
          SO HILLSONG HAKO IS OUR MEMPHIS POWER TRANSFORMER MANUFACTURING OPERATION. 
          HECO IS OUR BUSINESS OPERATION THAT'S HEADQUARTERED IN PITTSBURGH, PENNSYLVANIA. 
          UH, WE HAVE SATELLITE SITES, BREA, CALIFORNIA, UH, AS WELL AS OUR SERVICE CENTER IN GREENSBURG, WHICH I'LL TALK ABOUT A LITTLE BIT MORE DETAIL. 
          SO OUR PRODUCT LINES AND SERVICES. 
          WE STARTED IN THIS MARKET IN 2001 AS 
          [00:55:01]
A PRODUCT SUPPLIER, SPECIFICALLY POWER TRANSFORMERS. 
          AT THAT TIME, WE WERE BRINGING OUR TRANSFORMERS IN FROM CHIANG JUAN KOREA, AND WE MADE A STRONG NAME AND REPUTATION FOR QUALITY, OUR ABILITY TO DELIVER ON TIME AND OUR SERVICE TO THE UTILITY AND RENEWABLE MARKET. 
          A LOT OF EXPERIENCE HERE WITHIN TEXAS. 
          LARGE AUTO TRANSFORMERS AND GENERATOR STEP UPS, RENEWABLE ENERGY COLLECTOR, UH, SUBSTATION TRANSFORMERS, SHUNT REACTORS. 
          UM, LOT OF EHV EXPERIENCE, UM, HERE IN TEXAS, BUT WE SUPPLY SMALL, MEDIUM, LARGE POWER TRANSFORMERS AND SHUNT REACTORS UP TO AND INCLUDING 7 65. 
          UH, WE'RE ALSO A SUPPLIER OF HIGH VOLTAGE GIS AND HIGH VOLTAGE BREAKERS UP TO 7 65, UH, 800 KV. 
          UH, AGAIN, A LOT OF BREAKERS HERE IN THE STATES. 
          WE'RE GONNA TALK ABOUT THAT A LITTLE BIT, UH, AS WE GO THROUGH OUR PRESENTATION TODAY. 
          OTHER PRODUCTS, WE'RE A FAX SOLUTION PROVIDER. 
          UM, WE'VE BEEN SUPPLYING STACK COM SOLUTIONS OVER THE LAST TWO DECADES. 
          UH, WE HAD OUR FIRST PROJECT HERE IN THE STATES, UH, SIX YEARS AGO. 
          UH, WE HAVE SEVERAL PROJECTS ONGOING HERE IN TEXAS. 
          UH, WE'RE A SUPPLIER OF HVDC AND MVDC AS WELL. 
          UH, MEDIA VOLTAGE, GIS, INCLUDING WHAT WILL BE OUR COUNTRY'S FIRST, UH, ONE OF THE FIRST, UH, MEDIA VOLTAGE GIS INSTALLATIONS USING DRY AIR. 
          AND WE'RE A BATTERY STORAGE SOLUTION, UH, PROVIDER AS WELL. 
          BIGGEST, UH, UH, DEVELOPMENT I'D SAY IN OUR BUSINESS, IN ADDITION TO OUR MEMPHIS FACTORY, IS OUR EVOLUTION AS A SUPPLIER. 
          WE STARTED AS A PRODUCT SUPPLIER, VERY GOOD STILL AT SUPPLYING PRODUCT, SERVICING OUR PRODUCT, DELIVERING ON TIME, DELIVERING QUALITY. 
          BUT BIG CHANGE IN OUR BUSINESS HAS BEEN A SHIFT TO, UH, TURNKEY SUPPLY AROUND THE SOLUTIONS THAT WE OFFER. 
          NOW, THIS IS NOT TO THE LEVEL OF THE GOOD GENTLEMAN FROM JUANA THAT SUPPLIED OUR, UH, PRESENTATION EARLIER AND BURNS MCDONALD WILL GO THIS AFTERNOON. 
          BUT THESE ARE, UH, TURNKEY SOLUTIONS, UH, THAT ARE AROUND ALL THE, UH, SOLUTION OFFERINGS WE HAVE THAT ALEX ALEX'S TEAM MANAGES. 
          SO I VOLTAGE DITCH GIS, OUTDOOR, UM, SOLUTIONS IN BUILDINGS, STACK ON BUILDINGS, UH, YOU NAME IT, WE SUPPLY THAT. 
          SO IT'S BEEN A BIG CHANGE OVER THE LAST WHOOP OVER THE LAST 10 YEARS HAS BEEN OUR MOVE FROM STRICTLY A PRODUCT SUPPLIER TO A TRUE TURNKEY, UH, SOLUTION SUPPLIER. 
          SO IT'S A LITTLE BIT ABOUT OUR BUSINESS. 
          I WANNA TALK ABOUT SOME OF OUR OFFERINGS IN SOME OF OUR FACILITIES. 
          DOESN'T COME UP TOO CLEAR, BUT THIS IS A BIRD'S EYE VIEW OF OUR CAMPUS IN CHIANG JUAN, SOUTH KOREA. 
          IT'S IN THE SOUTHERN PART OF SOUTH KOREA. 
          GREAT LOCATION NEAR TWO PORT CITIES OF MUSSAN AND BUSAN, REGULARLY CALLING PORTS HERE IN THE US. 
          CHIANG JUAN PRODUCES NEARLY EVERYTHING THAT WE SUPPLY TO THIS MARKET. 
          TRANSFORMERS AND REACTORS, UH, BREAKERS, SWITCH GEAR, UH, WE HAVE A NEARBY PLANT DOES OUR STACK COM. 
          UH, WE MANUFACTURE INVERTERS FOR BATTERY STORAGE AND SOLAR. 
          UH, IT'S A GREAT FACILITY. 
          CHANG JUAN, UH, IS WHERE WE SUPPLIED OUR FIRST EQUIPMENT TO THE US MARKET FROM. 
          IT'S A GREAT REPUTATION, GREAT EXPERIENCE. 
          UM, AND IF I LIKE TO THINK ABOUT CHANG JUAN AS KIND OF THE, THE NUCLEUS OF THE EXPANSION WORK THAT'S GONE ON IN KOREA. 
          THIS PLANT WAS BUILT IN THE 1960S AS WE DEVELOPED TECHNOLOGY THAT ENABLED THE LOCAL UTILITY IN KOREA TO EXPAND THEIR TRANSMISSION SYSTEM. 
          SO 1970S AS OUR COMPANY BECAME FIRST IN KOREA TO DEVELOP 3 45 KV TECHNOLOGY THAT ENABLED KEPCO TO CONSTRUCT 3 45 KV TRANSMISSION. 
          SIMILARLY, IN THE EIGHTIES AS WE DEVELOPED 7 65 KV TRANSFORM TECHNOLOGY, 800 KV SWITCH GEAR TECHNOLOGY THAT ENABLED CAPCO'S GROWTH IN THE NINETIES AND TWO THOUSANDS TO BUILD A VERY SOPHISTICATED 7 65 KV TRANSMISSION SYSTEM IN KOREA. 
          SO REALLY WE'RE AT THE FOREFRONT OF THAT TECHNOLOGY. 
          KOREA'S, UH, SYSTEM IS ADVANCED TO 60 HERTZ, VERY SIMILAR TO, YOU KNOW, OBVIOUSLY WHAT WE OPERATE HERE IN THE US AND WE'VE HAD EXPERIENCE, UH, WITH THAT FOR QUITE A LONG TIME. 
          I WANNA SAY THAT, YOU KNOW, THE ANG JUAN PLANT, UM, EHV IS IN ITS DNA. 
          SO IF YOU LOOK AT 3 45, 500, 7 65 KV TECHNOLOGY, UH, THIS FACILITY WAS DESIGNED, DEVELOPED OVER THE YEARS SPECIFICALLY TO SERVE THAT MARKET, BE IT IN KOREA, US, OR THE GLOBAL MARKET. 
          UH, WHEN ALEX TAKES OVER THE PRESENTATION, WE'LL TALK ABOUT SOME OF THE EXPERIENCE THAT WE HAVE WITH THAT EQUIPMENT. 
          I'VE BEEN WITH THE COMPANY 23 YEARS, SO I SAW A LOT OF OUR OTHER BUSINESS UNITS HAVE OPERATIONS HERE IN THE US AND IT WAS ENVIOUS OF THAT, RIGHT? WE SEE OUR SPANDEX PLANT IN CAROLINA AS WE SEE OUR ATM BUSINESS HERE IN THE STATES, AND ALWAYS LOOK WITH ENVY. 
          WHEN ARE WE GONNA HAVE OUR FACILITY? WELL, THAT CAME, UH, A FEW YEARS BACK, 2018, WE WERE VERY PROUD TO ANNOUNCE THAT WE WERE GONNA ESTABLISH A POWER TRANSFORMER OPERATION HERE IN THE US. 
          SO I WAS, UH, GIVEN THE OPPORTUNITY TO LEAD A TEAM TO LOOK AT MANY DIFFERENT SITES TO BUILD A TRANSFORMER PLANT IN AMERICA. 
          I DEVELOPED ALLERGIES TO THINGS I MAYBE NEVER KNEW EXISTED, GOING THROUGH SOME OF THESE GREENFIELD SITES IN THE US. 
          BUT THROUGH THE COURSE OF THAT, UH, AN EXISTING TRANSFORMER FACILITY 
          [01:00:01]
IN MEMPHIS, TENNESSEE BECAME AVAILABLE FOR ACQUISITION. 
          AND THAT'S OUR MEMPHIS POWER TRANSFORMER OPERATION. 
          SO THAT FACILITY BUILT SHELF FORM TECHNOLOGY, TRANSFORMERS. 
          THIS FACILITY IS FIRST CLASS WORLD CLASS. 
          NO EXPENSE WAS SPARED IN IN BUILDING THIS PLANT. 
          THE FACILITY WAS PRODUCING SHELL FORM. 
          SO INITIALLY MAYBE GAVE US PAUSE BECAUSE WE WERE GONNA BUILD A FACILITY THAT MANUFACTURE CORE FORM TRANSFORMERS, BUT WE ARE A COMPANY BEST SUITED TO CONVERT A SHE FORM PLANT CORE BECAUSE WE BUILD BOTH TECHNOLOGIES IN CHIANG HU. 
          SO TO BE ABLE TO TAKE A LOOK AT THAT EXISTING FACILITY, BE ABLE TO RETROFIT THAT AND USE EVERY SQUARE INCH OF THAT FACILITY TO BUILD CORE FORM, WE WERE PERFECTLY SUITED TO. 
          SO VALENTINE'S DAY OF 2020 IS WHEN WE ACQUIRED THE MEMPHIS FACILITY. 
          WE STARTED WITH AROUND 110 EMPLOYEES. 
          UM, COUPLE THINGS I WANNA SHARE WITH THAT IS, YOU KNOW, WE'RE OVER 400 EMPLOYEES NOW. 
          UM, VERY IMPRESSED TO HEAR, UH, JUANA'S EXPERIENCE WITH THE WORKFORCE. 
          AND WE HAVE A SIMILAR EXPERIENCE. 
          WE'VE HAD GREAT SUCCESS WITH HIRING PERSONNEL, UH, TRAINING THEM, BUT MOST IMPORTANTLY, RETAINING THEM, UH, BUILDING CAREERS WITH OUR COMPANY. 
          I THINK THE TURNOVER RATE WE HAVE AT OUR FACILITY FOR MANUFACTURING PLANT IN THE STATES IS, IS ONE OF THE BEST OUT THERE, AND WE'RE PROUD OF THAT. 
          UM, THIS IS A GREAT INDUSTRY TO BE IN. 
          WE, WE LIKE TELLING OUR NEW HIRES THAT THIS IS THE COAL INDUSTRY, RIGHT? IF YOU WANT TO TALK ABOUT AI AND STACK COM AND EVS AND RENEWABLES, THIS INDUSTRY IS WHERE IT'S AT. 
          AND WE, I THINK ALTOGETHER, YOU KNOW, NEED TO CONTINUE TO DO A GOOD JOB ATTRACTING TALENT TO OUR INDUSTRY. 
          BUT BIG THING WE PAY ATTENTION TO WITH OUR WORKFORCE IN MEMPHIS IS MAKING SURE NOT ONLY WE HAVE THE NUMBER OF WORKERS, BUT ALSO THE CAPABILITIES. 
          SO BEFORE WE DO ANY EXPANSIONS IN MEMPHIS, BE IT INCREASING THE NUMBER OF UNITS THAT WE PRODUCE IN A GIVEN TIME, BE IT TAKING A STEP UP FROM, YOU KNOW, VOLTAGE CLASS. 
          UH, WE START AT ONE 30 A KV AND MOVING UP, WE MAKE SURE THAT WE HAVE THE WORKFORCE IN PLACE AND THAT THEY'RE TRAINED BEFORE WE TAKE THAT STEP. 
          THAT'S VERY IMPORTANT FOR US AS A COMPANY. 
          AND THAT'S BROUGHT A SUCCESS. 
          CHIANG JUAN OVER THE YEARS, AND CERTAINLY IN MEMPHIS AS WELL. 
          BRIEF TIMELINE IN MEMPHIS THAT I MENTIONED, WE ACQUIRED THE PLANT VALENTINE'S DAY, SO CELEBRATE WITH CHAMPAGNE. 
          EVERYONE'S EXCITED. 
          FOUR WEEKS LATER, COVID HITS. 
          SO A LITTLE BIT OF CHALLENGE. 
          OF COURSE, WE WERE A CRITICAL INDUSTRY, SO WE'RE ABLE TO CONTINUE WORK. 
          WE HAD TO RETROFIT THE PLANT, RIGHT? SO WE'RE GOING FROM A SHELF FORM FACILITY. 
          WE'RE TAKING ALL THAT SHELF FORM EQUIPMENT OUT. 
          WE'RE PUTTING OUR CORE FORM MANUFACTURING EQUIPMENT IN. 
          WE'RE TRAINING PERSONNEL ON MANUFACTURING, A DIFFERENT TECHNOLOGY, A TRANSFORMER. 
          WE'RE ABLE TO ACCOMPLISH ALL THAT AND BATTLE THE, THE COVID PANDEMIC AS WE DID. 
          AND WE HAD THE FIRST TRANSFORMER OUT THE DOOR IN JUNE OF THAT YEAR, AND IT WAS A UNIT FOR A LARGE TERONE UTILITY IN OUR MARKET. 
          IT WAS A 1 38 KV SUB TRANSMISSION TRANSFORMER. 
          AND WE HAVE NOT LOOKED BACK EVER SINCE. 
          SO WE STARTED AT 1 38 KV. 
          WE'RE A VERY METHODICAL, UH, COMPANY IN TERMS OF HOW WE DO OUR BUSINESS. 
          I'M AN ENGINEER BY EDUCATION, UH, PROUD OF THAT AS WELL. 
          SO WE HAVE MADE SURE WE HAVE SYSTEMATICALLY INCREASED OUR ABILITY TO PRODUCE TRANSFORMERS IN MEMPHIS. 
          SO WE HAD OUR FIRST 3 45 KV UNITS IN 2022, FIRST 500 KV IN 2024. 
          AND WE'RE EMBARKING ON OUR 7 65 KV, WHICH IS, UH, WE DO HAVE A FACILITY THAT HAS EXPERIENCE AND HAS BUILT 7 65 KV, UM, VERY RECENTLY. 
          SO, AGAIN, LIKE CHANG JUAN, THIS FACILITY WAS INITIALLY CONSTRUCTED TO BE AN EHV MANUFACTURING PLANT. 
          AND, YOU KNOW, ALTHOUGH WE HAVE, UH, THE ABILITY TO RESPOND TO MARKET DYNAMICS, RIGHT? IF THERE'S A HIGH DEMAND FOR SUBT TRANSMISSION UNITS, AND WE'RE SEEING A LOT FOR DATA CENTERS RIGHT NOW, AND, UM, WE'RE SEEING A LOT WITH RENEWABLE ENERGY, BUT DEFINITELY THERE'S A MARKET SHIP TO EHV THREE FORTY FIVE, FIVE HUNDRED AND SEVEN SIXTY FIVE. 
          THIS FACILITY, AGAIN, EHV IS IN OUR COMPANY'S D-N-A-E-H-V IS IN OUR MEMPHIS FACTORY'S DNA AS WELL. 
          AND THIS IS A FACILITY, AS YOU'LL HEAR FROM ALEX, RIGHT? WE, WE DON'T DELINEATE WHEN WE BUILD ANY UNIT 3 45 KV AND ABOVE, IT'S VERY IMPORTANT TO FOLLOW CERTAIN DISCIPLINES, RIGHT? YOU HAVE PERFECT TOOLS. 
          YOU NEED TO CONTROL MOISTURE, YOU NEED TO CONTROL PARTICLES, REGARDLESS OF IF IT'S A 3 45 OR 7 65 KV UNIT. 
          AND BOTH OF OUR FACTORIES, WE FOLLOW THE SAME DISCIPLINE, UH, ALL THE TIME. 
          WE'RE EMBARKING ON EXPANDING, UH, OUR MEMPHIS FACTORY THAT'S BEEN UNDERWAY. 
          SO WE HAVE A PRETTY GOOD CAPACITY ALREADY. 
          UM, THE PROJECTS THAT WE HAVE ONGOING RIGHT NOW, THE GOAL IS TO EXPAND OUR CAPABILITY TO PRODUCE POWER TRANSFORMERS. 
          SO THAT'S INCREASING OUR CAPACITY TO SUPPLY EHV TRANSFORMERS, UM, AS WELL AS SMALL TRANSFORMERS. 
          AND IT'S SOMETHING WE'RE VERY EXCITED ABOUT. 
          LAST FACILITY I WANNA TALK ABOUT IS OUR GREENSBURG SERVICE FACILITY AT SOUTHEAST OF OUR HE AMERICA HEADQUARTERS IN PITTSBURGH, PENNSYLVANIA. 
          [01:05:02]
UH, SO GREENSBURG, INITIALLY WE ACQUIRED THAT FACILITY TO SUPPORT OUR DEAD TANK BREAKER BUSINESS. 
          UH, IT'S A GOOD FACILITY, BUT THAT'S DEFINITELY EVOLVED OVER THE YEAR. 
          SO AS OUR BUSINESS HAS EVOLVED FROM A PRODUCT SUPPLIER ONLY TO A TURNKEY SOLUTION SUPPLIER, WE HAVE DEVELOPED OUR GREENSBURG ORGANIZATION ACCORDINGLY TO SERVICE ALL THE PRODUCTS THAT WE HAVE, ALL THE SOLUTIONS THAT WE HAVE, BE IT STACK COM BATTERY STORAGE, UH, SWITCHGEAR, THE FACILITY HAS CAPABILITIES EVEN TO, UM, HANDLE SERVICE ON SWITCHGEAR. 
          WE HAD AN 800 KV BREAKER. 
          UNFORTUNATELY, IT HAD TRANSFORMER DAMAGE. 
          WE WERE ABLE TO BRING IT TO GREENSBURG, REFURBISH IT, DELIVER IT TO OUR CUSTOMER AT THE TIME. 
          SO IT'S A LITTLE BIT ABOUT, UM, OUR HISTORY AND WHAT WE'RE ABOUT. 
          AGAIN, FOR US, EHV IS IN OUR DNA AND I THINK YOU'LL PROBABLY HEAR FROM THE OTHER MANUFACTURERS THAT ARE HERE TODAY. 
          UH, SIMILAR SENTIMENT, WHETHER YOU BUILD A 3 45 KV UNIT OR 7 65 KV UNIT, YOU FOLLOW THAT SAME DISCIPLINE AND THOSE, THAT'S WHAT GOOD QUALITY FACTORIES ALWAYS DO. 
          SO I WANT TO INVITE ANYONE HERE OPEN DOOR TO VISIT MEMPHIS COMPETITION THAT'S IN THE ROOM. 
          YEAH, WE COULD TAKE YOU THROUGH AN ABRIDGED VERSION OF THE TOUR. 
          WE'D BE HAPPY TO HOST YOU, BUT, UH, IT'S A GREAT FACILITY IF YOU WANNA SEE FIRSTHAND A MANUFACTURING PLANT HERE IN THE US THAT BUILDS, UH, EHV EVERY DAY. 
          SO, UH, THANK YOU. 
          ALEX IS GONNA TAKE US THROUGH, UH, THE REST OF THE PRESENTATION YOU. 
          YEP. 
          THANKS. 
          UM, AND GOOD MORNING. 
          REALLY APPRECIATE THE OPPORTUNITY TO BE HERE. 
          MY NAME'S ALEX EBERT. 
          I'VE BEEN WITH HECO FOR 18 YEARS. 
          UH, STARTED MY SECOND HALF OF MY CAREER LEAVING ENGINEERING AND, AND MOVING INTO A SALES ROLE WITHIN POWER SYSTEMS. UH, AT THAT TIME I THOUGHT IT WAS BECAUSE, UH, IT WAS GONNA BE A MORE STABLE, UH, REPEATABLE DAY-TO-DAY ACTIVITY. 
          AND NOW WE'RE GOING INTO A COMPLETELY NEW PHASE, UH, IN OUR INDUSTRY. 
          A VERY EXCITING ONE, UH, REALLY, RIGHT? UH, ALL OF THE DATA CENTER WORK, CONSTRUCTION, RENEWABLE ENERGY, UH, REQUIRES ADDITIONAL CAPACITY. 
          UH, AND 7 65 IS THE LOGICAL NEXT STEP, UM, FOR MANY UTILITIES AROUND THE WORLD, UH, WHERE YOU KNOW THAT THAT ADDITIONAL VOLTAGE, UH, IS NEEDED. 
          UM, BUT BUILDING THAT EQUIPMENT IS NOT WITHOUT, UH, SPECIAL CONSIDERATIONS. 
          AND WHEN YOU LOOK AT A TRANSFORMER MANUFACTURER, UM, WE SORT OF HAVE A, A BIT OF A CIRCLE THAT THAT EVOLVES. 
          UM, GENERALLY YOU START WITH YOUR EXPERIENCE AT THE SUB TRANSMISSION AND DISTRIBUTION AREA, UH, VOLTAGE AND CAPACITY WISE, AND THEN SLOWLY BUILD UP AS YOUR CLIENT DEMAND, UM, REQUIRES THAT, UH, WHEN WE LOOK AT 7 65 KV THAT'S AT THE TOP, REALLY OF COMMERCIALIZED HEAVY ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT, UM, THERE'S BEEN SOME INVESTIGATION INTO 1100 KV, UH, IN CHINA, MAINLY. 
          UM, NOT REALLY BROAD COMMERCIALIZATION OF THAT THOUGH. 
          BUT 7 65 IS DEFINITELY TRIED AND TRUE, UH, AND TRUSTED. 
          UM, OUR PARTNERS HERE IN THE UNITED STATES ARE, ARE BUILDING AND BUYING THAT EQUIPMENT FROM US ROUTINELY. 
          UM, BUT IT IS SOMETHING THAT WE REALLY NEED TO BE MINDFUL OF, UH, IN HOW WE DO THE ENGINEERING PROCESS, HOW WE DO THE MANUFACTURING PROCESS, TESTING, COMMISSIONING, UM, AND EVEN HOW WE TRAIN, TRAIN THE CUSTOMERS TO USE THE EQUIPMENT, UH, OVER ITS USEFUL LIFE. 
          UM, SO FROM AN ENGINEERING STANDPOINT, WE REALLY HAVE TO LOOK AT TRANSIENT VOLTAGE ANALYSIS. 
          UH, YOU NEED SOPHISTICATED, UH, SOFTWARE IN ORDER TO DO THAT. 
          THAT SOFTWARE GENERALLY LEARNS AS THE PROCESS GOES. 
          SO THE MORE 7 65 KV EXPERIENCE YOU HAVE, UM, THE BROADER THE BASE OF SOFTWARE, UH, HAS IN TERMS OF, UM, LEARNING FROM THOSE, THE, THOSE DEVELOPMENTS. 
          UH, WE LOOK AT WINDING DESIGN TECHNOLOGIES. 
          SO TRADITIONAL 7 65 KV, UH, WINDING, UH, HAS ABOUT A THOUSAND BRAISE POINTS IN IT, UH, VERY SIMILAR TO A 500 KV, UM, WINDING, WHICH WE HAVE BUILT VERY SUCCESSFULLY IN MEMPHIS. 
          UM, BUT WE REALLY NEED TO LOOK AT THAT TECHNOLOGY AND THE REQUIRED FOR LINEAR AND TRANSIENT, UH, VOLTAGE DISTRIBUTION ATTRIBUTES. 
          WE NEED ALSO IN THE DESIGN PHILOSOPHY, A SIGNIFICANT FOCUS ON TEMPERATURE RISE CALCULATIONS, AND ALSO SHORT CIRCUIT ANALYSIS. 
          UM, THESE ARE GENERALLY, OBVIOUSLY 7 65 KV TRANSFORMERS. 
          THEIR STRESSES ARE GONNA BE HIGHER AND DIFFERENT FROM THOSE AT AT LOWER, UM, VOLTAGES. 
          UM, ALSO NEED THE VERSATILITY IN YOUR DESIGN, UH, PORTFOLIO TO BE ABLE TO DESIGN SINGLE PHASE UNITS. 
          UH, ONE OF THE BIG THINGS WHEN YOU LOOK AT 7 65 KV ARE, THESE ARE VERY LARGE TRANSFORMERS, AND WHERE YOU TRANSPORT THEM TO, UH, MAY DICTATE IF YOU'RE ABLE TO BUILD A 3 45, OR, I'M SORRY, A THREE PHASE 7 65 KV UNIT, OR YOU HAVE TO LOOK AT SINGLE PHASE OPTIONS, UH, FOR TRANSPORT TRANSPORTABILITY. 
          WE SEE THAT PARTICULARLY, UH, IN THE NORTHEAST CORRIDOR WHERE THERE'S A LOT OF BRIDGE, UH, AND OVERHEAD LIMITATIONS. 
          [01:10:01]
UM, GENERALLY SPEAKING FOR CORE FORM, WHICH IS WHAT WE PROVIDE AT 7 65, UH, SINGLE PHASE IS A POPULAR OPTION. 
          WE'VE BUILT AND DELIVERED BOTH THREE PHASE AND SINGLE PHASE HERE IN THE UNITED STATES. 
          UH, AND WE ALSO HAVE TO HAVE THE CAPABILITY IN OUR DESIGN PROFILE TO IMPLEMENT EFFICIENT WINDING, UM, DISPLACEMENT. 
          ALSO LOOKING AT THE LIMIT VARIATIONS ON THE, UH, DESIGN AND TEST RESULTS. 
          UH, SO THERE'S A LOT OF WORK THAT GOES INTO THE DESIGN OF A 7 65 KV TRANSFORMER, GENERALLY SPEAKING. 
          THAT IS A SUPER DETAILED PROCESS THAT WE INVOLVE THE CUSTOMER. 
          OFTENTIMES A CUSTOMER CONSULTANT, UH, AND, YOU KNOW, DO A VERY, VERY DEEP DIVE ON, ON HOW WE'RE GOING TO BUILD AND EXECUTE, ESPECIALLY IF IT'S THE FIRST OF KIND, UM, FOR A PARTICULAR UNIT FROM A MANUFACTURING STANDPOINT. 
          THERE'S ALSO A LOT OF SPECIAL CONSIDERATIONS. 
          AS JASON MENTIONED, OUR MEMPHIS FACILITY IS UNIQUELY POSITIONED, UM, BECAUSE IT WAS REALLY BUILT WITH NO EXPENSE, UH, SPARED. 
          IT HAS CLEAN ROOM TECHNOLOGY THAT MANY OTHER TRANSFORMER FACTORIES JUST SIMPLY DO NOT HAVE. 
          UH, AND THAT WAS BUILT WITH THE MINDSET OF BEING ABLE TO BUILD VERY LARGE TRANSFORMERS, UH, FROM THE VERY BEGINNING. 
          UH, SO WHEN YOU WALK INTO OUR FACILITY, ONE THING THAT YOU NOTICE IS YOU GO THROUGH AN AIR SHOWER. 
          UH, WHEN YOU BUILD VERY LARGE TRANSFORMERS, YOU NEED TO BE, UH, PARTICULARLY MINDFUL OF ANY CONTAMINANTS, METAL PARTICLES, UM, ANY, ANYTHING DUST, UM, MOISTURE BECOMES EXTREMELY SENSITIVE. 
          SO AS THE CAPACITY AND VOLTAGE INCREASES, UH, YOU REALLY NEED TO BE MORE AND MORE MINDFUL OF, OF HOW CLEAN, UH, YOUR OPERATION IS. 
          UM, SO OF COURSE YOU NEED THE, UH, BEST TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT IN HAND. 
          UM, YOU NEED WINDING MACHINES THAT ARE LARGE ENOUGH, UH, IN ORDER TO BUILD THESE 7 65 KV WINDINGS. 
          AS I MENTIONED, THEY'RE ABOUT THE SIZE SIMILAR TO A 500 KV UNIT. 
          UM, SO WE HAVE THAT EQUIPMENT FOR THE MOST PART IN-HOUSE. 
          UM, WE ARE GEARING OUR BUSINESS TOWARDS THE GROWTH OF THE EHV MARKET. 
          UH, SO WE'RE TRAINING IN ACCORDANCE WITH THAT. 
          UM, WE ALSO HAVE TO HAVE A VAPOR PHASE DRYING, UM, FACILITY THAT CAN HANDLE, UH, VERY LARGE TRANSFORMERS OF THIS NATURE. 
          UH, AND WHEN YOU LOOK AT ANY FACILITY, UH, YOU HAVE TO BE ABLE TO BUILD THE TRANSFORMER THAT YOU'RE GONNA DELIVER, AND THAT REQUIRES CRANES. 
          THIS IS HEAVY EQUIPMENT. 
          SO OFTENTIMES WHEN YOU TALK TO, UH, FACILITIES AROUND THE WORLD THAT DO NOT HAVE 7 65 KV EQUIPMENT EXPERIENCE, THE LIMITATIONS ARE USUALLY THE TEST EQUIPMENT, UH, THE CRANES AND, UH, THE WINDING CAPABILITIES. 
          AND OBVIOUSLY HAVING THE DESIGN PORTFOLIO AND EXPERIENCE IS IMPORTANT TOO. 
          UH, YOU ADDITIONALLY NEED TO HAVE SUFFICIENT VACUUM PUMP CAPACITY TO PROCESS UNITS TO ENSURE DRYNESS. 
          UH, DRYNESS IS EXTREMELY CRITICAL IN UNITS OF THIS SIZE. 
          ALSO, WE HAVE A FOCUS I MENTIONED IN CONTAMINATION CONTROL. 
          EVEN NUANCE, THINGS LIKE HOW WE OPERATE OUR CRANES IN OUR FACILITY BECOMES A CRITICAL PINCH POINT. 
          WE WANT TO MAKE SURE THAT AS THEY MOVE AND, UM, METAL DEBRIS, UH, CAN BE DISTRIBUTED, WE DON'T WANT ANY OF THAT TO FALL IN THE TRANSFORMERS. 
          SO WE ACTUALLY HAVE MAGNETIC FEET, UM, ON THE, THE, THE CRANE WHEELS THEMSELVES AND VACUUM CLEANERS THAT OPERATE TO MAKE SURE THAT NONE OF THAT, UH, DEBRIS OR CONTAMINANTS COULD GET INTO A TRANSFORMER TANK. 
          UH, ALSO VERY STRICT CONTROL OVER HUMIDITY AND MOISTURE. 
          AS I MENTIONED, UH, MOST OF OUR OPERATIONAL FACILITIES ARE VERY SIMILAR TO AN OUTPATIENT, UM, OPERATION FACILITY THAT YOU MIGHT GO HAVE A SMALL SURGICAL PROCEDURE IN. 
          SO TRULY CLEAN ROOM OPERATIONS. 
          AND IF ANY OF YOU HAVE SEEN MOST TRANSFORMER FACILITIES AROUND THE WORLD, SOME OF THEM ARE NOT. 
          UM, SO YOU REALLY DO HAVE TO BE VERY CONSIDERATE OF THAT. 
          ALSO, TESTING CAPABILITIES BECOME VERY IMPORTANT. 
          SO IN OUR MEMPHIS FACTORY, WE HAVE AN IMPULSE GENERATOR UP TO FIFTY TWO HUNDRED AND SEVEN EIGHTY KILOJOULES TO ACCURATELY TEST ANY 7 65 KV EQUIPMENT. 
          WE'RE ALSO LOOKING, UM, AT BROADENING, UH, THAT CAPABILITY. 
          WE ALSO HAVE A CAPACITOR BANK, UH, FOR 480 MVAR R UM, THREE PHASE, UH, CAPABILITY TO CONDUCT THE SUITABLE TEMPERATURE ICE TESTS. 
          UH, AND WE ALSO HAVE CAPACITY TO INPUT A LOT OF THESE UNITS, POTENTIALLY ONE RIGHT AFTER THE OTHER. 
          THIS IS, UH, OUR 7 65 KV REFERENCE LIST. 
          SO IF YOU LOOK OVER ON THE LEFT SIDE, YOU'RE GONNA SEE A LOT OF THESE ARE IN SOUTH KOREA. 
          UH, THAT'S NOTABLE BECAUSE, UH, JASON TOUCHED ON THE FACT THAT SOUTH KOREA'S, UH, GRID IS PATTERNED IN LARGE PART AFTER THE UNITED STATES. 
          UH, SO IF YOU LOOK AT KIND OF THE CYCLE OF EVENTS IN THE RELATIONSHIP, UH, WITH SOUTH KOREA AFTER THE KOREAN WAR, UM, SOUTH KOREA WAS UNFORTUNATELY, FOR THE MOST PART, DESTROYED. 
          IT CERTAINLY DIDN'T HAVE, UH, HIGH VOLTAGE ELECTRICAL INFRASTRUCTURE. 
          UH, SO THEY REALLY HAD TO REBUILD IT FROM THE GROUND UP. 
          UH, AND AT THAT TIME, THEY PARTNERED WITH THE US GOVERNMENT, 
          [01:15:01]
UH, AND LOCAL COMPANIES AT THAT TIME, WESTINGHOUSE, UH, TO START THAT AS A GRASSROOTS EFFORT. 
          UM, ORIGINALLY SUNG WAS ACTUALLY A GOVERNMENT OWNED, UH, CORPORATION THAT PARTNERED WITH THE LOCAL ELECTRIC UTILITY KEPCO. 
          UM, NOW ONE OF THE LEADING UTILITIES IN THE WORLD. 
          UH, THEY HAVE AN AVERAGE OUTAGE, UH, PER YEAR OF 10 MINUTES, 10 MINUTES FOR THE WHOLE YEAR. 
          UH, THAT'S EXTREMELY NOTABLE. 
          UH, SO THEY'VE COME A VERY FAR AWAY WITH, UH, THEIR TECHNOLOGY, UH, AND SAFE, RELIABLE OPERATIONS OF THEIR GRID. 
          UH, SOUTH KOREA IS ALSO NOTABLY ABOUT AN EIGHTH OF THE SIZE OF TEXAS, UH, WITH 55 MILLION PEOPLE IN IT. 
          SO HALF THE POPULATION IN AN EIGHTH OF THE SIZE, EXTREMELY MOUNTAINOUS. 
          UM, NOT A LOT OF LAND CAPITAL. 
          SO WE HAVE TO LOOK AT THINGS LIKE GIS INSTEAD OF A IS SUBSTATIONS. 
          UM, BUT I GUESS THE MESSAGE I'M TRYING TO RELAY IS THAT WHEN IT COMES TO 7 65 KV AND THEIR DEVELOPMENT OF THAT TRANSMISSION IS AN EXTREMELY INDUSTRIALIZED NATION, ONE THAT IS STILL GROWING, THAT PARTNERSHIP WITH THE UNITED STATES IS WHAT TOOK THAT TECHNOLOGY OVER TO SOUTH KOREA IN THE FIRST PLACE. 
          AND NOW IT HAS SORT OF A, A NATURAL CYCLE, UH, AS WE ARE INVESTING IN OUR GRID, UH, AND WORKING WITH PARTNERS, UH, HERE IN THE UNITED STATES EXTENSIVELY TO SUPPLY, UH, 7 65 KB EQUIPMENT. 
          UM, YOU'LL NOTE THAT A LOT OF THESE ARE SINGLE PHASE UNITS. 
          UH, 3 33 MBA IS VERY COMMON. 
          UH, THE FIRST ONE WE DID WAS IN 1992. 
          UM, WE'VE DONE SEVERAL OF THEM SINCE. 
          UH, AND THAT IS BOTH IN AUTO TRANSFORMERS AND SHUNT REACTOR EQUIPMENT IN THE UNITED STATES. 
          AS I MENTIONED, 7 65 IS SOMETHING THAT HICO IS EXTREMELY, UM, FAMILIAR WITH. 
          WE'VE ACTUALLY DONE A FAIR AMOUNT OF DESIGN WORK, UM, AND EVEN DEVELOPED NEW PRODUCTS, UH, FOR 7 65 KV, UH, CLIENTS, UH, AS THEIR NEEDS HAVE DEVELOPED. 
          A LOT OF THAT IS, AGAIN, SINGLE PHASE UNITS, UH, MAINLY DUE TO TRANSPORTABILITY, UH, STARTING THAT WORK IN 2012. 
          AND WE'VE DONE MANY, MANY OF THOSE UNITS SINCE. 
          UM, EVERYTHING FROM SEVEN 50 MBA TO TWO 50, MBA, UH, AND ALSO SHUNT REACTORS. 
          OUR TOTAL, UH, 7 65 KB EQUIPMENT HERE, UH, 63 WITH EIGHT SHUNT REACTORS. 
          JUST WANNA MAKE SURE I MENTION THOSE TOTALS. 
          AS I WAS SAYING, WE DID DEVELOP EQUIPMENT FOR THE UNITED STATES MARKET. 
          UH, HERE LAND IS NOT QUITE AT THE SAME PREMIUM AS IT IS IN SOUTH KOREA. 
          SO A IS DOES TEND TO DOMINATE MORE OFTEN THAN GIS. 
          UM, AND FOR THOSE OF YOU NOT FAMILIAR GAS INSULATED SUBSTATIONS OCCUPY ABOUT, UH, 20% OF THE SPACE THAT A TRADITIONAL A IS STATION DOES. 
          UM, BUT NONETHELESS, UH, OUR PARTNER HERE IN THE UNITED STATES, UH, WANTED A DEAD TANK BREAKER, UH, AND THEY WANTED US TO BUILD IT. 
          UH, SO WE WERE ABLE TO COME UP WITH A SOLUTION, A 7 65 KV BREAKER, THE FIRST TIME IT HAD EVER BEEN BUILT IN THE WORLD. 
          AND ONE OF THE UNIQUE THINGS ABOUT THIS BREAKER IS THAT IT IS DUAL INTERRUPTER, BUT A SINGLE MECHANISM. 
          UM, SO YOU STILL GET THAT BRAKING CAPACITY THAT YOU NEED, UH, AT 7 65, BUT YOU HAVE ONLY ONE MECHANISM. 
          SO YOU BASICALLY REDUCE YOUR FAILURE POINTS BY 50%. 
          UM, 800 KV UH, RATED VOLTAGE. 
          IT'S A 60 HERTZ PRODUCT. 
          UM, IT IS A THREE SECOND 63 K BREAKER, UH, OPERATES IN TWO CYCLES WITH A MAKEUP CURRENT OF 164 KILO AMPS. 
          UM, ONE BREAKER PER POLE. 
          UH, THE FIRST POLE TO CLEAR FACTOR OF 1.3 RATED CURRENT CAN BE EITHER 4,000 OR 5,000 AMPS. 
          UH, POWER FREQUENCY WITHSTAND VOLTAGE AT NINE 60 KV, UH, LIGHTNING IMPULSE AT 2050 KV. 
          IT IS A SPRING, SPRING MECHANISM WITH AN M TWO, UH, MECHANISM CLASS ENDURANCE, AND A SWITCHING CLASS OF C TWO. 
          IT IS IEEE TESTED, UH, AND IT HAS A, UH, CARRYING CHEMO CERTIFICATION AS WELL. 
          AND OVER ON THE RIGHT SIDE OF THE SCREEN IS OUR REFERENCE LIST FOR THOSE. 
          WE'VE DELIVERED 35 OF THOSE TO THE UNITED STATES. 
          UM, ALL HAVE BEEN IN OPERATION SUCCESSFULLY FOR SEVERAL YEARS, STARTING BACK IN 2011. 
          SO 800 KV HV INSULATED SWITCHGEAR. 
          UM, WHEN WE TALK ABOUT GIS, AS I SAID, WE HAVEN'T REALLY HAD THIS EXPERIENCE BECAUSE THE CUSTOMER DEMAND HASN'T BEEN THERE YET. 
          UM, BUT IF I WERE A BETTING MAN, I WOULD SAY THAT WE WILL PROBABLY SEE PROJECTS OF THIS NATURE IN THE NEXT FIVE OR 10 YEARS. 
          UH, WITH THE GROWTH OF AI DATA CENTERS AND THE NEED FOR POWER IN THAT AREA, I THINK THAT, UM, TRANSMISSION IS GONNA DRIVE INTO AREAS, I, I SHOULD SAY, EHV TRANSMISSION IS GONNA DRIVE INTO AREAS THAT TRADITIONALLY WE HAD USED MUCH LOWER 
          [01:20:01]
VOLTAGES. 
          AND WHEN THAT HAPPENS, UM, IF THAT HAPPENS, UH, WE'LL BE IN A POSITION WHERE WE'LL NEED, UH, TO HAVE MORE COMPACT SUBSTATIONS. 
          THERE'S A LOT OF BENEFITS TO GIS, I MEAN, SECURITY, UH, IS ONE MAJOR, UH, WIN WITH THAT, UH, BECAUSE EVERYTHING IS ENCLOSED. 
          IT'S ALSO A DEAD TANK, SO IT'S MUCH SAFER THAN TRADITIONAL A IS, UM, UNDER THE SAME CONDITIONS. 
          IT'S ALSO WEATHER RESISTANT, HAS SOME SEISMIC, UH, BENEFITS AS WELL. 
          UM, WE ARE SEEING MORE GIS HERE IN THE US MARKET. 
          UH, IT'S SORT OF ONE OF THOSE THINGS THAT YOU KIND OF HAVE TO INFORM THE CUSTOMER OVER AND OVER AGAIN. 
          AND THEN AS, AS THEIR PROJECTS DEVELOP, UH, THE OPPORTUNITIES DO TOO. 
          THESE ARE JUST SOME OF OUR HIGH VOLTAGE, UH, REFERENCES FOR GIS IN KOREA. 
          THESE LINES THAT ARE, UH, ON THE KOREAN PENINSULA ARE THE 7 65 KB SUBSTATIONS, UH, THROUGHOUT THE COUNTRY. 
          UH, AS YOU CAN SEE, IT'S, IT'S PRETTY EXTENSIVE. 
          UM, I WOULD SAY PROBABLY THE DOMINANT PLAYER FOR 7 65 GLOBALLY IN TERMS OF THEIR INSTALL CAPACITY. 
          UM, OUR EXPERIENCE WITH 800 K-B-G-I-S AND I VISITED THESE SUBSTATIONS, THEY'RE TREMENDOUS. 
          I, I'VE NEVER SEEN ANYTHING LIKE IT. 
          UM, REALLY, REALLY SOME, SOME INCREDIBLE, UM, BUILDS. 
          SOME OF THESE SUBSTATIONS ARE ACTUALLY BUILT INTO THE SIDE OF, OF MOUNTAINS, SO VERY, UM, RIGOROUS, UH, INSTALLATION REQUIREMENTS. 
          BUT HONESTLY, IT PROVIDES VERY SAFE OPERATION. 
          AND WHEN YOU LOOK AT SOUTH KOREA, TECHNICALLY IT'S A COUNTRY THAT'S STILL AT WAR. 
          UM, SO NATIONAL SECURITY IS EXTREMELY IMPORTANT TO THEM AS WELL. 
          SO GIS THREADS INTO THAT SAFETY AND SECURITY QUITE NICELY. 
          UH, TOTAL, UH, 800 KV GIS REFERENCES THAT WE HAVE IN SOUTH KOREA. 
          UM, ALL OF THEM ARE AT 50 K, UH, IS 55. 
          SO HOW IS HECO ADDRESSING THESE EHV CAPACITY AND SUPPLY CHAIN CONCERNS? I'M SURE MANY OF YOU IN THE ROOM HAVE HEARD OF, UH, OR HAVE BEEN DEALING WITH SUPPLY CHAIN ISSUES AS A RESULT OF COVID. 
          UM, AND NOW WE'RE AT A VERY CRITICAL INFLECTION POINT WHERE WE'RE COMING OUT OF THE SUPPLY CONSTRAINTS THAT EXISTED BECAUSE OF THE PANDEMIC. 
          UM, BUT THERE ARE NEW EXTERNAL FACTORS THAT ARE INFLUENCING SUPPLY CHAIN WITH VERY SIMILAR, IF NOT MORE PRESSURE. 
          WHEN WE LOOK AT THINGS LIKE BUSHINGS, UM, INSULATION, UH, LTC, TAP CHANGERS, UM, PRESS BOARD, ANY OF THESE MATERIALS ARE EXTREMELY IMPORTANT TO THE MANUFACTURER OF A TRANSFORMER. 
          AVERAGE TRANSFORMER HAS OVER 300 UNIQUE COMPONENTS THAT HAVE TO BE ORDERED EVERY TIME YOU START A NEW ONE. 
          UM, THAT MEANS, THAT'S TECHNICALLY 300 SEPARATE POS AT LEAST, UM, JUST TO BE ABLE TO BUILD A TRANSFORMER. 
          SO WE REALLY NEED TO MANAGE OUR SUPPLY CHAINS EXTREMELY EFFECTIVELY. 
          UM, AND WITH THE DEMAND INCREASING IN AREAS LIKE AI DATA CENTERS, UM, RENEWABLE ENERGY, AND ALSO LARGE TRANSMISSION PROJECTS LIKE WHAT ERCOT IS CONSIDERING, UM, YOU REALLY NEED A PARTNER THAT IS INFORMED, UH, KNOWS THE BUSINESS AND VALUES THE SUPPLY CHAIN, UH, AS CRITICALLY AS WE DO. 
          UM, SO THESE ARE A COUPLE OF, UH, THE MAJOR PROJECTS THAT WE'VE DONE FROM MEMPHIS RECENTLY THAT ARE LARGE CAPACITY. 
          UM, THE ONE IN THE UPPER LEFT CORNER IS AN OFFSHORE WIND PROJECT IN THE UNITED STATES. 
          IT WAS ACTUALLY THE FIRST IN THE UNITED STATES, UH, THREE PHASE ONE 60 MBA, UH, THIS WAS ACTUALLY ONE OF THE, THE LARGE FIRST AUTOS THAT MEMPHIS BUILT. 
          UM, IT WAS DELIVERED IN 2023. 
          IT WAS DELAYED BECAUSE OF COVID. 
          UM, WE'VE ALSO DONE SOME 400 MBA 5 42 KV WITH AN LTC ON THE, THE HIGH SIDE IN, IN 2023. 
          UH, THAT WAS A TRANSMISSION PROJECT, OF COURSE, HERE IN THE US. 
          UH, AND THEN ANOTHER UNIT, UH, AT 500 KV, WHICH IS A GSU THAT WAS BUILT FOR A WIND FARM, I THINK MAY BE, UH, ONE OF THE PARTNER, UH, PRESENTED ON THE PROJECT THAT WE WERE INVOLVED WITH THAT WAS DELIVERED IN 2023. 
          UH, AND THEN WE ALSO HAVE BEEN DELIVERING A LOT OF, UH, VERY COMPLEX, UM, HIGH SPEC UNITS THAT ARE 62 AND A HALF DELIVERED IN 2022. 
          SO, UM, YOU KNOW, AS WE SEE LEAD TIMES GOING OUT FOR EQUIPMENT, UM, AND SENSITIVITY ON THIRD PARTY COMPONENTS AND SUB SUPPLIER, UM, PARTS AND PIECES THAT WE REALLY NEED TO BE MINDFUL OF IN ORDER TO DELIVER UNITS ON TIME. 
          UM, HI, HECO IS DOING A LOT, UH, TO MAKE SURE THAT THIS EQUIPMENT REMAINS READILY AVAILABLE OUT OF OUR FACILITY. 
          UH, WE HAVE A DEDICATED PRODUCTION SLOT RESERVATION FOR EHV AND 7 65 KV CUSTOMERS. 
          WE HAVE 7 65 KV CUSTOMERS THAT ARE ACTIVELY ORDERING, UH, OR PENDING ORDERS WITH OUR FACILITY, UH, AND DEDICATED PRO PRODUCTION SLOT RESERVATIONS FOR ALSO 800 K-V-G-I-S 
          [01:25:01]
AND BREAKERS. 
          WE WERE WORKING WITH KEY SUPPLIERS TO IDENTIFY ANY OF THE LONGER LEAD TIME ITEMS AND STAY OUT AHEAD OF THOSE. 
          UM, THE, THE, I THINK THE, THE OBVIOUS THING THAT WE TRY TO ENGAGE WITH CUSTOMERS ON LARGE PROJECTS LIKE THIS IS TO START THAT PROCESS AS EARLY AS POSSIBLE, UH, IN ORDER TO BE ABLE TO MEET THE, THE CRITICAL DELIVERY POINTS. 
          UM, AND WE ARE COMMITTED TO TRYING TO SOURCE AS MUCH OF OUR PRODUCT HERE IN THE UNITED STATES AND NORTH AMERICA AS POSSIBLE. 
          UH, IT IS INCREASINGLY INTERESTING HOW FEW OF THESE SUPPLIERS ARE CURRENTLY HERE IN THE UNITED STATES AND, AND HOW MANY OF THEM WE NEED. 
          UM, SO HECO IS VERY VOCAL. 
          I ACTUALLY WAS AT THE UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH A FEW WEEKS AGO AND TALKING ABOUT SOME OF THE SUPPLY CHAIN RISKS AND FERC WAS THERE. 
          UH, AND THEY'RE VERY INTERESTED IN TRYING TO INVEST IN SUPPLIERS FOR THINGS LIKE TANKS AND ETE, UH, AND CONDUCTOR, UH, AS THOSE SUPPLY CONSIDERATIONS, UH, CONTINUE ON. 
          OKAY, ANY QUESTIONS? AND THANK YOU POS, THERE'S A QUESTION FROM THE CHAT. 
          UM, IT'S ABOUT THE LEADING TIMES FOR YOUR TRANSFORMERS AND BREAKERS AT 7 65 KB. 
          SO I WOULD SAY YOU PUT THAT ONE. 
          YEAH, I MEAN, IT'S, UM, YOU KNOW, LEAD TIMES REALLY ARE DICTATED BY, UM, PRODUCTION AVAILABILITY AND SUPPLY, UH, SUPPLY CHAIN CONSTRAINTS IS ALEX, RIGHT? SO I THINK, YOU KNOW, BUSHINGS, FOR EXAMPLE, RIGHT? BUSHING LEAD TIMES ARE QUITE EXTENDED, WHETHER IT'S A 1 38 KV 3 45 OR 7 65 KV BUSHING, THESE ARE LEAD TIMES THAT YOU HAVE TO PLAN FOR. 
          SO I THINK WHAT WE'RE DOING IS ENGAGING WITH OUR CUSTOMERS TO ENSURE WE HAVE THE PRODUCTION SLOTS AVAILABLE TO MEET THE LEAD TIME NEEDS THAT THEY HAVE. 
          BE HAPPY TO GO INTO MORE DETAIL WHEN COMPETITION'S NOT IN THE ROOM. 
          , I THINK THERE WAS ALSO A QUESTION ON, UM, DIAGNOSTIC EQUIPMENT. 
          MAYBE IT SORT OF FLASHED ON THE SCREEN. 
          UM, THE, THE ANSWER IS YES. 
          WE ABSOLUTELY, UH, IN CAN INCLUDE THAT EQUIPMENT, UM, ON ANY TRANSFORMER, UH, NO MATTER 7 65 KV OR SMALLER. 
          UH, AND WE'VE WORKED WITH A NUMBER OF PARTNERS, UH, THAT BUILD THAT EQUIPMENT ROUTINELY. 
          UM, ONLINE, DGA EQUIPMENT CAN BE EXTREMELY VALUABLE, UH, IN THE SAFE AND RELIABLE OPERATION OF ANY TRANSFORMER. 
          SO YOU SAID ON YOUR BUSHING LEAD TIMES, SAME, NO MATTER WHAT THE VOLTAGE IS. 
          WOULD YOU SAY THAT'S ALSO AN ASSUMPTION WE COULD MAKE ON OTHER PARTS OF YOUR SUPPLY CHAIN, OR IS IT SPECIFICALLY TO THAT? IT'S A GREAT QUESTION. 
          SO AS THE VOLTAGE INCREASES AND SPECIFICALLY, UM, THE TYPE OF BUSHING THAT YOU APPLY AT EACH ONE OF THOSE VOLTAGES, UH, THE LEAD TIMES ARE GOING OUT EXTENSIVELY. 
          UM, WE HAVE UP TO A TWO YEAR LEAD TIME ON SOME BUSHINGS NOW. 
          AND I THINK, YOU KNOW, FOR THINGS LIKE CONDUCTOR, UM, E STEEL AS ALEX MENTIONED, TANKS, YOU KNOW, AGAIN, IT'S PLANNING. 
          I, I THINK THE SPECIFIC COMPONENTS THAT ARE DEDICATED TO A CERTAIN VOLTAGE LEAD TIMES ARE OUT A LITTLE BIT LONGER. 
          BUT IN TERMS OF CONDUCTOR, STEEL AVAILABILITY TANK, UM, RADIATORS, OTHER COMPONENTS, YOU KNOW, I, I, I DON'T WANNA SAY THEY'RE BEING RELAXED, BUT THEY'RE MANAGEABLE RIGHT NOW. 
          I THINGS THAT WE'RE PAYING SPECIFIC ATTENTION, THINGS LIKE LOAD TAP CHANGERS, UM, BUSHINGS THAT ARE REALLY SPECIFIC TO A CERTAIN CURRENT RATING, YOU COULD SELL SMARTS, UM, OR CERTAIN, UH, VOLTAGE RATING OR ONES WE'RE PAYING SPECIAL ATTENTION TO. 
          CHRISTIE, UH, I, OKAY, SO I GOT A TABLE, I HAVE A TABLE OVER HERE. 
          CAN YOU PLEASE MUTE YOUR PHONE IF YOU'RE ON THE WEBEX? NO. 
          WHAT I WANT TO DO, I THINK I'VE SEEN, UNLESS WE'RE ALL WELCOME TO YOUR TABLE  TO SAY, CAN YOU FIND THEM ON THE ALRIGHT, IN VARIOUS, UH, I THINK I MAYBE SAW SOMEBODY COMING TO A MIC ON THE OTHER SIDE OF THE ROOM. 
          WERE THERE OTHER QUESTIONS OR, WHAT I WANNA DO IS BASICALLY HAVE, HAVE THIS, YEAH, IF THERE ARE ANY OTHER QUESTIONS, I'D BE MORE THAN HAPPY TO ANSWER THEM IF THEY'RE, IT'LL COME IN. 
          THERE YOU GO. 
          GOOD MORNING. 
          CATION FOR ME. 
          BESIDES ERCOT, SPP MISO AND PJM ARE CONSIDERING MAJOR EHV BUILD OUT OVER THE NEXT FIVE TO 10 YEARS, HAVE Y'ALL HAD A CHANCE TO DO A BACK OF THE ENVELOPE CALCULATION AND SAID, HEY, WE'RE GOOD TO GO, BUT THEN I PRESSED I CHANGE ANYTHING AND IT'S JUST LIKE, F**K YOU, I'M BROKEN. 
          KINDA LIKE CRINGING, HOPING LIKE SOMETHING CRAZY IS NOT SET OVER. 
          UM, DO YOU THINK IN TERMS OF RESOURCES, SUPPLY CAPACITY? YES, SIR. 
          I MEAN, ARE YOU GUYS, I MEAN, THERE'S A LOT OF OPPORTUNITY. 
          IS MY DATA SET, AT LEAST FROM WHAT WE CAN SEE, UH, ON THE HORIZON, UM, EVEN BEYOND TEXAS? UH, YES SIR. 
          SO I, YOU KNOW, DEFINITELY THERE'S 
          [01:30:01]
GLOBAL DEMAND AS WELL RIGHT HERE IN THE STATES AND, AND OVERSEAS. 
          SO, YOU KNOW, WE'RE POSITIONING OURSELVES. 
          THE INVESTMENTS WE'RE MAKING, FOR EXAMPLE, WITHIN MEMPHIS AND IN OUR CHENWA PLANT, ARE REALLY GEARED TO INCREASING OUR CAPACITY TO SUPPLY EHV UNITS, INCLUDING 7 65. 
          NOW, YOU KNOW, TEXAS IS A LARGE MARKET. 
          I MEAN, HEARING THE, THE NUMBER OF POTENTIAL CIRCUIT MILES IN TEXAS IS, IS QUITE LARGE. 
          BUT, YOU KNOW, I THINK IT'S GONNA REQUIRE A LOT OF SUPPLIERS WORKING TOGETHER OPEN UP THAT CAPACITY. 
          I KNOW WHAT WE'RE DOING WITHIN OUR COMPANY. 
          I KNOW THE CAPACITY WE HAVE AND WHAT WE'RE SETTING ASIDE TO SUPPORT THIS. 
          IT'S VERY SIGNIFICANT AND WE CONSIDER TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS AND BREAKERS. 
          UM, AGAIN, DO WE HAVE THE SOLE CAPACITY TO SUPPLY THE ENTIRE US MARKET FOR ALL 7 65 KVS? I DON'T THINK THERE'S ANY MANUFACTURER THAT CAN SAY THAT, BUT WHAT I CAN SAY IS, FROM OUR PERSPECTIVE, THIS IS THE AREA THAT WE'RE FOCUSING ON IN BOTH OF OUR PLANTS HERE IN MEMPHIS AND OVER IN JUAN. 
          I HAVE A QUESTION. 
          SO, EARLIER YOU MENTIONED THAT YOU CAN BUILD A, UH, THREE PHASE 7 65 TRANSFORM AUTO TRANSFORMER. 
          UH, WHAT ARE THE LIMITATIONS ON TRANSPORTATION? CAN YOU EXPLAIN THAT A LITTLE BIT MORE? UM, WELL, I, YES AND NO. 
          UH, IT DEPENDS ON WHERE THE EQUIPMENT NEEDS TO BE DELIVERED. 
          UM, SO THERE ARE EXTREME SENSITIVITIES IN PARTS OF THE COUNTRY, MORE SO IN THE EAST, MORE SO IN THE NORTHEAST THAN OTHER PARTS, UM, OF THE UNITED STATES. 
          UH, WE REALLY HAVE TO LOOK AT THE DIMENSIONAL ENVELOPE, AND THAT'S WHAT DRIVES THE CONVERSATION AROUND THREE PHASE OR SINGLE PHASE. 
          BUT THE FIRST THING WE HAVE TO ADDRESS IS WHERE THE EQUIPMENT NEEDS TO BE INSTALLED. 
          AND I MEAN, EVEN OVER IN KOREA, SOME OF THE UNITS THAT WE'VE BUILT WERE TWO TANKS FOR PER PHASE BECAUSE OF THE, UH, ALEX MENTIONED TRANSPORTATION ENVELOPE. 
          SO, YOU KNOW, THOSE WERE 6 67 MBA UNITS AND THEY, YOU KNOW, EACH TANK WAS BASICALLY 333 AND A HALF. 
          MBA, JUST BECAUSE A SINGLE PHASE 6 67 MBA UNIT COULD NOT FIT THROUGH THE TUNNELS IN SOUTH KOREA. 
          SO TRANSPORTATION BECOMES A VERY BIG PART OF IT. 
          YOU KNOW, CERTAINLY, YOU KNOW, THE COST OF, YOU KNOW, TWO, YOU KNOW, A THREE PHASE UNIT IN A SPARE VERSUS FOUR SINGLE PHASE, RIGHT THREE IN OPERATION IN A SPARE COMES INTO CONSIDERATION AS WELL. 
          I THINK THE THREE PHASE EXPERIENCE WE'VE HAD, MAYBE MORE ON THE, THE GSU SIDE VERSUS THE AUTO TRANSFORMER SIDE. 
          MOST OF THE AUTOS WE'VE DONE AT 7 65, UM, HAVE BEEN SINGLE FACE. 
          YEAH, THE, THE GOOD NEWS FOR TEXAS IS THAT THOSE DIMENSIONAL CONSTRAINTS ARE LESS OF A CONSIDERATION, UM, FOR YOU GUYS. 
          I MEAN, WE WOULD STILL TRY TO DESIGN FOR TRANE, UH, VERSUS ANY OTHER METHOD. 
          UM, BUT WE'VE DONE EVERYTHING FROM BARGE OFFLOAD TO, UM, YOU KNOW, IN SOME CASES HEAVY TRUCK TRANSPORT, UH, TRAIN IS GENERALLY THE MOST EFFICIENT FOR THESE TYPES OF PROJECTS. 
          SO WE TRY TO STAY IN INSIDE OF THOSE ENVELOPES AND, AND EVERY TRAIN OPERATOR EVEN HAS SOME, YOU KNOW, DISTINCT, UM, LIMITATIONS. 
          BUT YEAH, JASON BRINGS UP A REALLY GOOD POINT, AND THAT'S ANOTHER BENEFIT TO HAVING A LOT OF EXPERIENCE AT THIS VOLTAGE IS IF YOU'RE IN A POSITION WHERE YOU DO HAVE TO DO A SPLIT TANK DESIGN, YOU WANNA MAKE SURE THE MANUFACTURER HAS EXPERIENCE WITH THAT. 
          YEAH. 
          THANK YOU FOR THAT GUYS. 
          CAMERON FROM A EP JUST ONE, ONE MORE COMMENT ON THAT QUESTION. 
          SO ONE, OTHER THAN TRANSPORTATION, ONE OF THE CONSIDERATION IS SPARING. 
          SO A SINGLE BANK, UH, HAS A CAPACITY OF 2,250 MVA ROUGHLY, AND THE EMERGENCY CAPACITY IS ROUGHLY 3040 MVA. 
          SO NOW IF YOU WANNA SPARE IT RIGHT, YOU'RE GONNA HAVE TO HAVE ANOTHER THREE PHASE BANK TO SPARE IT. 
          WHEREAS IF YOU GO WITH SINGLE PHASE BANKS, YOU CAN HAVE THREE SINGLE PHASE AND A SINGLE PHASE SPARE ON SITE, AND THAT IS MORE ECONOMICAL. 
          SO NOT ONLY IT HELPS FROM TRANSPORTATION PERSPECTIVE, BUT ALSO, UH, YOU KNOW, FROM A SPARING PERSPECTIVE. 
          ONE THING I DO WANNA MENTION WHILE WE'RE ON THIS TOPIC OF WE'RE, WE'RE REALLY HOPING FROM AN AP PERSPECTIVE THAT MAYBE THIS IS AN OPPORTUNITY WHEN WE CAN, WE CAN STANDARDIZE EQUIPMENT, UH, FOR 7 65, AT LEAST IN NORTH AMERICA. 
          UH, SO I KNOW ALL UTILITIES TODAY THEY HAVE DIFFERENT STANDARDS FOR 3 45, 500, 2 30, 1 38. 
          THERE'S A GOOD REASON FOR IT. 
          THE EVOLUTION WAS SUCH, BUT KNOWING THAT WE HAVE 7 65 KV STANDARDS, MAYBE WE CAN ALL COORDINATE ON THOSE SO THAT, YOU KNOW, MOST UTILITIES CAN USE THE SAME TYPE OF EQUIPMENT IS INTERCHANGEABLE. 
          AND TO, TO GET THERE. 
          WE ARE VERY HAPPY AND WILLING TO TALK TO ANYBODY, UH, IN, IN THE TRANSMISSION OWNER SECTOR IN TEXAS TO SEE IF THEY ARE, UH, WILLING TO USE THE STANDARDS WE HAVE DEVELOPED OVER THE YEARS, UH, BECAUSE THAT, AT THE END OF THE DAY HELP ALL THE RATE PAYERS. 
          SO I JUST WANNA POINT THAT OUT AS WELL. 
          AND, AND MAY I ADD AS WELL THAT STANDARDIZATION BENEFITS ANY MANUFACTURER, NOT JUST HICO. 
          SO WHEN WE TALK ABOUT MATERIAL LEAD TIMES HAVING DESIGNS COMPLETE, AND ESPECIALLY IF THEY COULD BE UTILIZED IN DIFFERENT AREAS, THAT ALLOWS A MANUFACTURER TO IMMEDIATELY GO INTO THE PHASE OF, YOU KNOW, NEGOTIATING WITH OUR SUB-SUPPLIERS FOR COMPONENTS AND MATERIALS. 
          SO STANDARDIZATION, I THINK SPEAKING FOR EVERY COMPANY HERE, BUT FROM A SUPPLIER PERSPECTIVE IS EXTREMELY BENEFICIAL. 
          [01:35:01]
WHEN WE TALK ABOUT LEAD TIMES AND AVAILABILITY, UH, SORRY IF THIS WAS MENTIONED IN THE PRESENTATION, BUT QUICK QUESTION ABOUT, UH, THIS, CAN THEY DO VOLTAGE REGULATION AT 7 65? SO CAN YOU HAVE AN ON LOAD TIME CHANGER? YES. 
          OKAY, THANK YOU. 
          SURE. 
          UH, IF THERE AREN'T ANY OTHER QUESTIONS, I DEFINITELY APPRECIATE THE OPPORTUNITY TO SHARE A LITTLE BIT ABOUT HAKO WITH EVERYONE. 
          THANK YOU. 
          ALL RIGHT. 
          WE THANK YOU FOR BEING HERE. 
          SO NOW WE'RE GONNA TRANSITION 
          [Equipment Manufacturer Presentation]
TO, UH, G'S PRESENTATION. 
          HI. 
          HI THERE. 
          SO G, RIGHT? YOU WENT THIS? YEAH, TO PDF. 
          MUST BE THE SECOND ONE. 
          GREEN ONE. 
          OKAY. 
          YEAH. 
          WELL, GOOD MORNING. 
          MYSELF IS DIP SEN. 
          I'M THE COMMERCIAL DIRECTOR FOR GE. 
          BEEN WITH GE FOR AROUND 16 YEARS, AROUND EIGHT YEARS IN MIDDLE EAST IN THE POWER GEN SPACE, AND EIGHT YEARS IN T AND D SPACE IN NORTH AMERICA. 
          I'M ACCOMPANIED WITH MY COLLEAGUE TODD URBAN. 
          HE'S A SENIOR, UH, GE EXPERT AND ALSO IEEE, SENIOR MEMBER G ANOVA HAS A HUNDRED PLUS YEAR OF HISTORY OF, UH, MAKING PRODUCTS, UH, FOR POWER GENERATION AND THE TRANSMISSION SPACE. 
          G ANOVA IS ALSO A PROVIDER OF, UH, HIGH VOLTAGE AND EHV EQUIPMENT AND IN THAT LEAGUE WHERE WE CAN PROVIDE A LOT OF EQUIPMENT FOR THE FULL SUBSTATION. 
          NOW YOU TALK ABOUT TRANSFORMERS, YOU TALK ABOUT BREAKERS, BUT WE ALSO DO DISCONNECTS AND INSTRUMENT TRANSFORMER AT 800 KV. 
          AND THAT'S SOMETHING ALSO WHICH, UH, YOU KNOW, WE WOULD LIKE TO HIGHLIGHT THAT WE BRING ONTO THE TABLE. 
          OUR PRESENTATION TODAY IS FOCUSED MAJORLY ON THE PRODUCT PORTFOLIO ON THE DEAD TANK AND LIFE TANK CIRCUIT BREAKER TECHNOLOGY WITH SPECIFICS IN REGARDS TO THE 800 KV BREAKER OFFERINGS, RIGHT? G HAS A GLOBAL FOOTPRINT AND LOOKING INTO, YOU KNOW, DEMANDS AND REQUIREMENT, WE ALWAYS LEVERAGE IT AND ALIGNING OURSELVES INTO THE MARKET DEMANDS IN TERMS OF PRODUCT CAPACITY AND OFFERING. 
          WE ARE HERE, UH, TO PRESENT AND ALSO KEEN TO LISTEN IN TO ERCOT FUTURE REQUIREMENT. 
          I'LL HAND OVER FOR, TO TODD TO PRESENT IT FURTHER. 
          ALRIGHT, THANK YOU. 
          AND GOOD MORNING. 
          LET'S SEE IF WE CAN GET THIS TO GO TO FULL SCREEN. 
          ALL RIGHT. 
          AND I'LL, I'LL ECHO MY THANKS, UH, UH, FOR THE OPPORTUNITY, THE INVITATION FROM FROM AP, UM, THE HOSPITALITY OF ERCOT AND THE ATTENDANCE OF EVERYBODY HERE, UH, TO SPEAK SPECIFICALLY TO, UH, THE 7 65 KV CHALLENGES. 
          UM, I'M HERE TO TALK ABOUT HIGH VOLTAGE CIRCUIT BREAKERS, UH, BUT, UH, BUT IN GENERAL, WE'LL, WE'LL, WE CAN SPEAK, UH, TO ADDITIONAL, ADDITIONAL PRODUCTS AS WELL. 
          UH, ONE NOTE, UH, I I WILL MENTION, UH, I NOTED, I NOTED THE DATE THIS MORNING AS, UH, SEPTEMBER 18TH. 
          THIS IS ACTUALLY MY 29TH ANNIVERSARY IN THE HIGH VOLTAGE CIRCUIT BREAKER BUSINESS. 
          SO I EXPECT THERE TO BE A CAKE AT LUNCHTIME, IF, IF THAT'S ALL RIGHT, . 
          SORRY FOR THE SHORT NOTICE. 
          UM, BUT, BUT I'M EXCITED. 
          OKAY. 
          I'VE BEEN IN THIS BUSINESS FOR LONG ENOUGH TO TO REMEMBER WHEN WE WERE SCRATCHING AND CLAWING AND, AND REALLY STARTING TO FEEL OUR WAY, UH, AND, UH, AND GROWING GROWING BUSINESS AND SEEING HOW THINGS HAVE, HAVE EXPANDED AND GROWN OVER THE YEARS. 
          AND SO TODAY WE'RE HERE REPRESENTING, UH, UH, GE RENOVA. 
          UM, WHICH, UH, UM, IF, UH, IF YOU DON'T, UH, IF YOU HADN'T REALIZED, GE RENOVA IS, UH, UH, GES, UH, POWER BUSINESS EFFECTIVELY. 
          SO YOU CAN, UH, DO A QUICK GOOGLE FOR GEV AND SEE US, UH, TRADED ON THE, ON THE NEW YORK, NEW YORK EXCHANGE, AND, UH, AND, AND LOOK AT OUR ENTIRE BUSINESS PORTFOLIO. 
          UH, SPECIFICALLY HERE, WE ARE PART OF, UH, WHAT'S CALLED OUR GRID SOLUTIONS BUSINESS, UH, WHICH IS PART OF OUR ELECTRIC ELECTRIFICATION BUSINESS. 
          AND WITHIN INGRID SOLUTIONS, WE MA WE, WE MANUFACTURE A WIDE RANGE OF, OF, OF HIGH VOLTAGE AND EHV PRODUCTS, INCLUDING, INCLUDING THE HIGH VOLTAGE CIRCUIT BREAKERS. 
          AND SO WHAT I'D LIKE TO SHOW YOU TODAY REALLY IS THE BREADTH OF THE, THE, THE PRODUCT PORTFOLIO. 
          DISCUSS A LITTLE BIT ABOUT THE PRODUCTS THEMSELVES. 
          I'M GONNA GET INTO THE WEEDS, UH, AS WELL ABOUT SOME OF THE SPECIFICS ON, UH, ON THE, ON CIRCUIT BREAKERS THEMSELVES, UH, PARTICULARLY TALKING ABOUT, UH, DIFFERENT TYPES OF BREAKERS, THE DEAD TANK AND, AND LIVE TANK BREAKERS. 
          UH, AND, UH, 
          [01:40:01]
AND THEN TALK ABOUT SOME OF THE MANUFACTURING CAPACITIES AS WELL BEHIND, UH, UH, BEHIND THE, UH, THE PRODUCTS. 
          SO WHAT YOU CAN SEE HERE ARE, IS THE RANGE OF PRODUCTS THAT WE OFFER TODAY FOR, UH, HIGH VOLTAGE DEAD TANK CIRCUIT BREAKERS. 
          UM, AND I'LL, I'LL, I'LL SPEAK TO THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN DEAD AND LIVE TANKS. 
          SO YOU CAN SEE HERE A FULL RANGE OF PRODUCTS UP TO AND INCLUDING EHV TODAY. 
          THE, OUR CURRENT PORTFOLIO STOPS AT 500 KV, UM, WITH CONSIDERATION UNDER THE CURRENT MARKET CONDITIONS FOR EXPANSION, UH, UH, UP TO THE, UH, UP TO THE 7 65 KV LEVEL. 
          AND I MENTIONED THAT SPECIFICALLY BECAUSE WE'RE WE'RE HERE AS A LEARNING EXERCISE AS WELL. 
          UM, THE, THE, THE POTENTIAL EXPLOSIVE GROWTH OF 7 65 KV, UH, IS SOMETHING THAT'S NEW TO US, UH, IS TYPICALLY BEEN CONSIDERED A NICHE IN, UH, IN NORTH AMERICA, UH, AND SPECIFICALLY THE US. 
          AND SO WE'RE, WE'RE, WE'RE LEARNING, UH, ALONG WITH EVERYBODY ELSE. 
          AND, UH, AND USING THE INFORMATION WE GATHER HERE TO CONTINUE, UH, CONTINUE OUR BUSINESS BUSINESS EXPANSION PLANS. 
          WE DO ALSO HAVE A FULL COMPLIMENT OF LIVE TANK CIRCUIT BREAKERS. 
          THE LIVE TANK PRODUCTS ACTUALLY GO UP TO 1100 KV. 
          AND THIS IS WHERE WE DO HAVE, UH, EXTENSIVE EXPERIENCE AT THE, AT THE 7 65 KV LEVEL, BOTH, UH, AT A, AT A GLOBAL, UH, GLOBAL LEVEL, AS WELL AS, UH, AS WELL AS IN, IN NORTH AMERICA. 
          AND I WANTED TO GIVE YOU THE QUICK, UH, UH, BREAKER 1 0 1 VISION OF WHAT THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN DEAD AND LIVE TANK ARE. 
          BECAUSE IN, IN, IN NORTH AMERICA, AND, AND REALLY THE US WE'RE USED TO TALKING ABOUT CIRCUIT BREAKERS, WE THINK ABOUT DEAD TANK CIRCUIT BREAKERS. 
          WE DON'T ALWAYS TALK ABOUT LIVE TANK CIRCUIT BREAKERS, AND THERE'S A LOT OF DIFFERENT HISTORICAL REASONS, UH, FOR THAT, UM, FOR THAT PREFERENCE. 
          BUT AT THE END OF THE DAY, WHAT'S IMPORTANT TO NOTE IS THAT FROM A, FROM AN APPLICATION STANDPOINT, THERE'S REALLY NO, NO PRACTICAL DIFFERENCE. 
          IT'S, IT ALL COMES DOWN TO THE RATINGS OF THE PRODUCT. 
          TO WHAT STANDARD ARE THE, UH, IS THE PRODUCT TESTED? WHAT'S THE SHORT CIRCUIT RATING? WHAT'S THE VOLTAGE RATING? WHAT'S THE BIL RATING AND SO ON. 
          UM, THE, THE FUNDAMENTAL DIFFERENCES ARE THE, THE BASIC CONFIGURATIONS OF THE PRODUCT, UH, THE LAYOUT, UH, PHYSICAL, UH, SPACE THAT IT, UH, THAT THEY USE IN THE SUBSTATION, UH, AS WELL AS, UH, UH, AS WELL AS THE LOCATION OF THE, OF THE INTERRUPTER. 
          AND SO THAT'S WHY I WANNA SHOW YOU HERE. 
          IF YOU LOOK ON THE RIGHT, THIS IS AN EHV BREAKER. 
          THIS HAPPENS TO BE A 500 KV, UH, EHV BREAKER WITH, UH, IN A DEAD TANK CONFIGURATION. 
          AND SO THE WAY THIS CIRCUIT BREAKER WORKS, OF COURSE, IT HAS A CONTACT SYSTEM WITH, WITH A MOVING CON, WITH MOVING CONTACTS, MOVING COMPONENTS, UH, WHAT WE CALL THE INTERRUPTER. 
          THE INTERRUPTER IS HOUSED IN A, IN A GROUNDED ENCLOSURE, TYPICALLY EITHER STEEL OR ALUMINUM. 
          IN THIS CASE, IT'S ALUMINUM, AND THEN THERE ARE AIR TO GAS BUSHINGS. 
          SO I HAVE HIGH VOLTAGE TERMINALS ON EITHER SIDE OF THE BREAKER. 
          I HAVE A BUSHING TO TRANSITION, UH, WITH A CONDUCTOR INSIDE THAT, UH, THAT, THAT INSULATOR DOWN TO THE INTERRUPTER, WHICH IS INSIDE THAT GROUNDED TANK. 
          AND THEN BACK OUT THE OTHER SIDE, THIS IS INSULATED WITH GAS. 
          UH, IN THE, IN THE CASE OF THIS PRODUCT HERE, THIS IS SULFUR HEXA FLUORIDE, UH, COULD ALSO BE OTHER GASES AS WELL. 
          UM, BUT BECAUSE THE TANK IS GROUNDED, UH, THE LOWEST UNGROUNDED POINT OF LOWEST, UH, THE LOWEST, UH, UM, UH, POTENTIALLY LIVE POINT IS THE, THE, THE BASE OF THIS INSULATOR. 
          AND SO THE, BECAUSE THE TANK IS GROUNDED, IT'S ELECTRICALLY DEAD. 
          WE CALL IT A DEAD TANK CIRCUIT BREAKER, WHEREAS IN A LIVE TANK CIRCUIT BREAKER, AND THIS IS A CASE OF, AGAIN, EHV. 
          NOW, THIS IS AN 800 KV LIVE TANK CIRCUIT BREAKER. 
          THE INTERRUPTER, UH, UH, TANK IS, IS NO LONGER A GROUNDED ENCLOSURE. 
          IT'S NO LONGER A CONDUCTIVE ENCLOSURE. 
          IT'S ACTUALLY AN INSULATOR ITSELF. 
          AND THE HIGH VOLTAGE TERMINALS ON EITHER SIDE OF THE, THIS, UH, THIS INSULATOR STACK WITH INTERRUPTERS HOUSED INSIDE THAT INSULATOR. 
          AND YOU'LL NOTICE NOW, THERE'S NO BUSHING, RIGHT? I DON'T HAVE TO TRANSITION FROM AIR INTO THAT GROUNDED ENCLOSURE. 
          AND, UH, AND AS A RESULT, UH, UH, THE TANK ITSELF IS CONSIDERED ELECTRICALLY LIVE. 
          SO WE CALL IT A LIVE TANK CIRCUIT BREAKER. 
          FROM A PRACTICAL STANDPOINT, YOU CAN SEE THE PHYSICAL DIFFERENCES. 
          THE LIVE TANK BREAKER HAS AN INTERRUPTED MOUNTED AT HEIGHT, UH, WITH, UH, WITH A SUPPORT COLUMN, UH, DOWN TO GROUND LEVEL WHERE THE OPERATING MECHANISMS LOCATED. 
          WHEREAS IN THE DEAD TANK BREAKER, THE, UH, THE INTERRUPTER IS PRACTICALLY AT, UH, AT GROUND, UH, AT, AT GROUND LEVEL FROM A, UH, UH, UM, MAIN DIFFERENCES, TYPICALLY, WE, WE LOOK AT THINGS IN THE, IN, IN THE RANGE OF PROS AND CONS. 
          UM, AND FOR A LIVE TANK BREAKER, UH, A LOT OF FOLKS ARE CONSIDERING A TRANSITION TO LIVE TANK BREAKER SIMPLY BECAUSE, UH, THE CIRCUIT BREAKER CAN USE LESS GAS. 
          SO THE USUAL RULE OF THUMB IS ABOUT ONE THIRD, THE GAS OF A, OF A DEAD TANK CIRCUIT BREAKER. 
          AND THIS IS IMPORTANT BECAUSE SULFUR HEXA FLUORIDE, OF COURSE, IS A GREENHOUSE GAS, AND IT'S SOMETHING THAT WE'RE REQUIRED TO TRACK AND REPORT TO THE EPA. 
          UM, THE, UH, UM, THE OTHER ADVANTAGE IS THE, THE OVERALL WEIGHT OF THE BREAKER IS LESS, THERE'S LESS MATERIAL IN A LIVE TANK BREAKER, MOSTLY BECAUSE THERE ARE NO CTS ON THE BREAKER. 
          UH, BUT ALSO BECAUSE I DON'T HAVE A BIG, UH, A BIG TANK, I DON'T HAVE A, UH, THIS, THIS BIG 
          [01:45:01]
GROUNDED ENCLOSURE. 
          SO THE, THE, THE DEVICE ITSELF IS, IS GONNA REQUIRE LESS, LESS MATERIAL. 
          UM, SOME OF THE PERCEIVED, UH, CONS INCLUDE, UH, SEISMIC PERFORMANCE. 
          IT CAN BE MORE CHALLENGING, UM, IT TO, TO ACHIEVE HIGH SEISMIC PERFORMANCE. 
          AND THIS IS MAINLY BECAUSE THE, THE MOVING THE MASS, THE CENTER GRAVITY IS, THAT IS VERY HIGH. 
          SO, UH, THERE ARE SOME DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS THAT NEED TO, NEED TO BE IMPLEMENTED TO, UH, TO ACHIEVE HIGH SIZE PERFORMANCE. 
          THAT BEING SAID, UH, LIVE TANK CIRCUIT BREAKERS ARE READILY QUALIFIED TO THE LATEST, UH, UH, IEE 6 93 STANDARD. 
          UH, WITH LIVE TANK BREAKERS, YOU ALSO NEED FREESTANDING CTS. 
          AND AGAIN, I'LL GO BACK TO THIS ILLUSTRATION, UH, IN A DEAD TANK CIRCUIT BREAKER, YOU CAN HAVE CURRENT, CURRENT MEASUREMENT ON BOTH SIDES OF THE BREAKER WITH BUSHING MOUNTED CTS, UH, AS YOU SEE HERE AND HERE. 
          WHEREAS A LIVE TANK, I DON'T HAVE ANY BUSHINGS TO INSTALL BUSHING CTS. 
          SO IN ORDER TO HAVE CURRENT MEASUREMENT, WE NEED TO HAVE A SEPARATE FREESTANDING, UH, SEPARATE FREESTANDING CURRENT TRANSFORMER. 
          AND THEN FROM A MAINTENANCE STANDPOINT, AGAIN, THIS IS MORE A MATTER OF PERCEPTION THAN REALITY, BUT BECAUSE THE INTERRUPTER AT HEIGHT, UH, THERE'S A LITTLE BIT MORE WORK TO BE DONE OVERHEAD, UH, WHEN IT COMES TO, TO INTERRUPTER, UH, INTERRUPTER MAINTENANCE OR, OR OVERHAUL. 
          WHEREAS WITH A DEAD TANK, OF COURSE, THE BENEFITS ARE THE FACT THAT YOU DO HAVE INTEGRAL CURRENT TRANSFORMERS. 
          UM, YOU DO HAVE THE ABILITY TO, UH, TO ACHIEVE HIGHER SEISMIC PERFORMANCE MUCH MORE EASILY. 
          I DON'T HAVE TO DO ANY PARTICULAR DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS TO QUALIFY THE A DEAD TANK CIRCUIT BREAKER SEISMICALLY. 
          IT'S TYPICALLY GOT AN INHERENT SEISMIC QUALIFICATION, AND IT'S SIMPLY A MATTER OF PASSING THE TEST. 
          AND THEN FROM A MAINTENANCE STANDPOINT, AGAIN, MOST OF THE COMPONENTS ARE, ARE, ARE DOWN AT, UH, DOWN AT GROUND LEVEL NEGATIVES. 
          UH, THE OVERALL WEIGHT, UH, AGAIN, IS IT'S, IT'S QUITE, UH, IT CAN BE A QUITE A LARGE PIECE OF EQUIPMENT. 
          SO THE, THE MASS OF THE EQUIPMENT IS TYPICALLY A LITTLE, A LITTLE BIT BIGGER. 
          AND OF COURSE, THE SF SIX CONSUMPTION IS, IS, IS MUCH MORE, AND THIS IS ONE OF THE BIG BENEFITS, AGAIN, AS WE SEE A TRANSITION, UH, UM, IN THE MARKETPLACE TO AN SF SIX FREE ENVIRONMENT. 
          UH, THERE ARE MORE CONSIDERATIONS IN PLACE FOR, UH, FOR TRANSITIONING, UH, UM, FROM HIGH USAGE SF SIX EQUIPMENT TO LOW USAGE, LOW USAGE, UH, SF SIX. 
          SO AS FAR AS THE, THE PRODUCT ITSELF, UH, HERE I'M SHOWING YOU 800 KV, UH, LIVE TANK CIRCUIT BREAKERS, UH, THAT, UH, THAT, UH, THAT WE'VE BEEN PRODUCING HERE FOR THIS PARTICULAR, UH, UM, MODEL, MODEL BREAKER IS, UH, IS ABOUT, UH, BETWEEN 15 AND 20 YEARS, UH, IN ITS INTO ITS PRODUCTION LIFE. 
          AND THIS IS A MODULAR SOLUTION. 
          SO THIS IS A, A, A PRODUCT PORTFOLIO THAT WE HAVE THAT ACTUALLY SCALES, UM, AT THE EHV LEVEL FROM 3 45 TO 500 KV, UH, TO, TO 7 65 KV. 
          AND IN FACT, THIS IS EFFECTIVELY WHAT YOU'RE LOOKING AT HERE IS A FOUR BREAK BREAKER. 
          SO THERE ARE FOUR INTERRUPTERS IN SERIES. 
          UM, THIS IS EFFECTIVELY TWO 500 KV BREAKERS IN SERIES WITH THE INSULATORS DIMENSION TO, UH, TO COVER THE, UH, THE 7 65 KV, UH, UH, INSULATION REQUIREMENTS. 
          AND IN THIS CASE, YOU DO HAVE, UH, TWO, TWO OPERATING MECHANISMS PER PHASE. 
          SO THAT'S A SPRING, SPRING OPERATING MECHANISM, UH, SEPARATE SPRING MECH, UH, PER PHASE. 
          AND THEN FROM A RATING STANDPOINT, UH, THESE, UH, THESE PRODUCTS ARE QUALIFIED TO, UH, IEC STANDARDS, UH, WHICH ARE VERY SIMILAR TO IEE STANDARDS WITH A, WITH A FEW SUBTLE DIFFERENCES. 
          SO THERE ARE, THERE ARE A FEW DIFFERENT, UH, TEST, UH, UM, TEST, UH, PROGRAMS THAT AREN'T, UH, AREN'T EXACTLY THE SAME BETWEEN IIC AND IEE, UH, BUT, UH, BUT AT THE END OF THE DAY, WE DO HAVE, UH, THE 800 KV, UH, 800 KV PERFORMANCE LEVEL CIRCUIT BREAKER CAN BE RATED UP TO 4,000 AMPS, UH, WITH A 50 K SHORT CIRCUIT RATING. 
          UH, THE INTERRUPTING TIME IS ABOUT, UH, UH, REALLY 2.2, 2.3 CYCLES. 
          IT'S NOT QUITE A, NOT QUITE A TWO CYCLE, UH, TWO CYCLE CIRCUIT BREAKER. 
          UM, BUT, UH, BUT WE DO HAVE APPLICATIONS IN, IN NORTH AMERICA WITH, UH, WITH THAT, UH, A LITTLE BIT SLOWER INTERRUPTING RATING. 
          AND AGAIN, HERE, HERE YOU SEE THE, UH, THE MODULAR CONFIGURATION OF THE BREAKER. 
          SO IT CAN BE CONFIGURED FROM MULTIPLE DIFFERENT APPLICATIONS FROM, UH, FROM, FROM TYPICAL LINE SWITCHING AND PROTECTION TO SHUNT CAPACITORS AND SHUNT REACTORS, UH, AND EVEN SPECIALTY TRANSFORMER APPLICATIONS. 
          AND THIS HAPPENS TO BE A, AN INSTALLATION WHERE THE CIRCUIT BREAKERS USED, UH, TO SWITCH A SHUNT REACTOR. 
          SO WE CAN FIT THE CIRCUIT BREAK WITH PRES INSERTION RESISTORS, AS WELL AS, UH, UH, METAL OXIDE BARRISTERS ACROSS THE CONTACTS FOR, UH, FOR THESE, UH, SPECIALTY APPLICATIONS. 
          AND HERE AGAIN, YOU SEE A CLOSER VIEW OF, UH, OF ONE OF THE HEADS OF THE BREAKER, UM, BECAUSE THERE ARE MULTIPLE BREAKS IN SERIES, THERE'S ALSO A, A, UM, A PARALLEL CAPACITOR ACROSS EACH ONE OF THESE CHAMBERS, UH, IN ORDER TO, TO PROVIDE VOLTAGE GRADING AND EQUAL VOLTAGE DISTRIBUTION ACROSS, ACROSS EACH OF THE, UH, ACROSS EACH OF THE HEADS. 
          AND THEN FROM A LOW VOLTAGE PERSPECTIVE AS WELL, THIS IS SOMETHING THAT'S OFTEN OVERLOOKED WHEN WE TALK ABOUT, UH, UM, 
          [01:50:01]
LIVE TANK BREAKERS IN GENERAL. 
          UH, WE PRODUCE LIVE TANK BREAKERS, UH, UM, UM, OUTSIDE THE US. 
          UH, BUT WE DO, UH, DOMESTICATE THE LOW VOLTAGE CONTROLS. 
          SO WE ACTUALLY PRODUCE THE LOW VOLTAGE CONTROLS DOMESTICALLY, AND WE DESIGN THE LOW VOLTAGE CONTROLS TO MATCH THE EXPECTATIONS OF THE, OF THE LOCAL USER. 
          AND THAT MEANS MEETING THE TYPICAL, UH, ANSI REQUIREMENTS FOR, UH, FOR LOW VOLTAGE CONTROLS, AND OF COURSE, ALL THE EXPECTATIONS THAT YOU WOULD HAVE FOR, UH, UH, UM, FOR, UH, TERMINAL BOARDS, RELAYS, UH, AND, UH, AND SO ON. 
          SO, FROM A, FROM A PRODUCTION STANDPOINT, WE PRODUCE, UH, HIGH VOLTAGE CIRCUIT BREAKERS AT, UH, MULTIPLE FACTORIES AROUND THE WORLD. 
          AT EHV, WE'RE PRIMARILY FOCUSED ON TWO FACTORIES, UH, ONE'S IN CHARLE, PENNSYLVANIA, WHICH IS JUST OUTSIDE OF PITTSBURGH. 
          AND THE OTHER FACTORY IS VILLA FRANCE, WHICH IS A SUBURB OF, OF LEONE. 
          AND THEN I'LL ALSO SPEAK ABOUT, UH, UH, UH, FACTORIES IN PETA PIE IN INDIA, AND IT, IT'S THE JUBA AND BRAZIL. 
          SO I WILL MENTION AS WELL THAT, UH, THESE TWO PRIMARY FACTORIES ARE WHAT WE CALL COMPETENCE CENTERS WITHIN, UH, WITHIN OUR, OUR GRID SOLUTIONS FAMILY. 
          SO THAT MEANS THAT THEY HAVE, UH, OVERSIGHT, UH, SPECIFIC OVER SPECIFIC PRODUCTS. 
          SO THE LIVE TANK CIRCUIT BREAKER COMPETENCE CENTER IS OUR FACTORY IN VON THE DEAD TANK. 
          CIRCUIT BREAKER COMPETENCE CENTER, UH, IS OUR, IS OUR FACTORY IN, UH, IN PENNSYLVANIA. 
          SO THE, FOR 7 65 KV, UH, OUR PRIMARY FACTORY PRIMARY SITE OF PRODUCTION IS THE, IS THE COMPETENCE CENTER ITSELF. 
          UH, IN, IN VON THIS IS NOT ONLY A PRODUCTION FACILITY, BUT IT'S ALSO AN RD CENTER. 
          SO OUR, OUR CENTRAL RESEARCH CENTER IS LOCATED HERE. 
          UH, THE PRIMARY PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT AS FAR AS THE INTERRUPTING CHAMBER DESIGN IS DONE IN THIS FACILITY. 
          IT'S ALSO CO-LOCATED WITH OUR, OUR, OUR, OUR POWER TESTING LABS. 
          SO WE HAVE POWER TESTING FACILITIES. 
          A LABORATORY IS CALLED SERTA, AND, UH, AND WE PRODUCE, UH, UM, POWER TEST AND TYPE TEST, UH, OUT OF, UH, OUT OF THAT FACILITY. 
          THE OTHER FACTORY I'VE MENTIONED IN CHARRO PA, UH, LIKE I SAID, IS THE, THE COMPETENCE CENTER FOR DEAD TANK CIRCUIT BREAKERS. 
          WE PRODUCE UP TO 500 KV, UH, CIRCUIT BREAKERS HERE, UH, CURRENTLY, UH, I SHOULD ALSO NOTE THAT WE, WE MANUFACTURE INSTRUMENT TRANSFORMERS HERE AS WELL. 
          SO WE MAKE, UH, A RANGE OF, UH, UM, UH, PTS AND CTS, UH, AT THIS SITE. 
          AND WE ALSO HAVE A LABORATORY SPACE THAT IS DIMENSION TO BE ABLE TO TEST 7 65 KV EQUIPMENT. 
          SO YOU'LL SEE TWO TWO HV LABS, UH, IN THIS PHOTO HERE. 
          UH, THE LAB IN THE FOREGROUND IS, UH, IS, IS PHYSICALLY SIZED, BUT, UH, OUTFITTED WITH TEST EQUIPMENT FOR TESTING UP TO 500 KV. 
          AND THEN THE SECOND LAB IS, IS FULLY CONFIGURED FOR 7 65 KV, UM, UH, DIELECTRIC TESTING. 
          AND THIS IS THE FACTORY WHERE WE PRODUCE THE LOW VOLTAGE CONTROLS. 
          SO WHEN WE BRING IN A LIVE TANK CIRCUIT BREAKER FROM ONE OF OUR OTHER FACILITIES, UH, WE'RE PRODUCING, UH, ALL OF THE LOW VOLTAGE ELECTRICAL DRAWINGS, UH, AND, UH, MANAGING THE PROJECTS FROM THIS FACILITY IN, IN SHALE ROY. 
          AND WE'RE PRODUCING THE, THE LOW VOLTAGE CONTROL CABINET. 
          AND I WILL MENTION AS WELL THAT THE LOW VOLTAGE CONTROL CABINET IS THE SAME CABINET THAT WE PRODUCE FOR OUR, OUR OTHER EHV BREAKERS. 
          SO OUR 500 KV BREAKER, UH, DEAD TANK BREAKER THAT WE PRODUCE HERE IN SHA LAROY USES THE SAME CABINET, UH, UH, AND CONTROL CONFIGURATION THAT THE, THAT THE LIVE TANK CIRCUIT BREAKERS WILL USE AS WELL. 
          WE ALSO HAVE TWO OTHER SITES THAT ARE, UH, SET UP TO PRODUCE THE 7 65 KV CIRCUIT BREAKERS. 
          SO WE HAVE ADDITIONAL PRODUCTION CAPACITY, UH, UH, SHOULD THE MARKET, UH, SHOULD THE MARKET NEED IT. 
          UH, SO OUR, OUR FACTORY IN PATA PIE IS PRODUCING, UH, 7 65 KV BREAKERS. 
          THE INDIAN MARKET IS EXTREMELY, EXCUSE ME, EXTREMELY STRONG, UH, FOR THIS PARTICULAR VOLTAGE LEVEL. 
          SO WE DID DOMESTICATE, UH, UH, THE PRODUCTION OF THAT SAME PRODUCT HERE, AND WE'RE SEEING GROWTH IN BRAZIL AS WELL. 
          SO OUR, OUR FACTORY IN BRAZIL IS ALSO, UH, ALSO SET UP TO PRODUCE THE, UH, THE SAME 7 65 KV LIVE TANK CIRCUIT BREAKER, SO WE CAN LEVERAGE ALL THREE OF THESE FACILITIES. 
          UH, SHOULD, UH, SHOULD THAT BE REQUIRED FROM THE MARKET FROM A REFERENCE STANDPOINT. 
          UH, YOU CAN SEE HERE THE, UH, UH, UM, PRIMARY REFERENCES AROUND THE WORLD. 
          UH, WE HAVE, UH, WE HAVE EQUIPMENT IN SOUTH AFRICA, IN INDIA, RUSSIA, UH, IN NORTH AMERICA, IN QUEBEC, AS WELL AS, UH, HERE DOMESTICALLY IN THE US, UH, AT, UH, COMED AND A EP. 
          AND IF YOU LOOK HERE, THE, THE, THE NUMBER OF UNITS THAT WE'VE SHIPPED, UH, OBVIOUSLY INDIA HAS THE MOST, SO OVER 500, UH, 7 65 KV LIVE TANK CIRCUIT BREAKERS, UH, IN INDIA, UM, RUSSIA, SOUTH AFRICA AS WELL. 
          UH, BUT, UH, CANADA IS THE BIGGEST MARKET IN NORTH AMERICA FOR US. 
          AND WE HAVE OVER 207 65 KV LIVE TANKS IN, UH, IN CANADA AND, UH, OVER 40, UH, HERE IN THE US AT, UH, WITH DIFFERENT, UH, VARYING APPLICATIONS. 
          [01:55:03]
SO THAT'S, THAT'S IT. 
          LIKE I SAID, WE WANTED TO GIVE YOU ALL A, A VERY, UH, A VERY BRIEF OVERVIEW OF, OF WHAT THE PRODUCTS LOOK LIKE, SOME OF THE CONSIDERATIONS FOR SIZING, UH, OR CHOOSING EQUIPMENT FOR 7 65 PV APPLICATION, AS WELL AS VISIBILITY TO WHAT OUR, OUR, OUR FACTORY, UH, CAPABILITIES LOOK LIKE. 
          AND WE'D CERTAINLY OPEN THE, OPEN THE FLOOR AND ENTERTAIN ANY QUESTIONS THAT Y'ALL MIGHT HAVE. 
           ANY QUESTIONS FROM THE ROOM OR FROM THE WEBEX? I DO HAVE ONE QUESTION, JUST OUTTA CURIOSITY, IS THERE ANY DIFFERENCE IN LEAD TIME BETWEEN LIVE TANK AND DEAD TANK BREAKERS TODAY? YES. 
          UH, THE LIVE TANK BREAKERS HAVE, UH, PROBABLY LESS THAN HALF THE LEAD TIME OF, OF DEAD TANK. 
          UM, I WILL SAY THAT THE, THE MARKET WE, WE LIVE IN EXTRAORDINARY TIMES, UH, FOR HIGH VOLTAGE EQUIPMENT AND SPECIFICALLY DEAD TANK CIRCUIT BREAKERS. 
          UH, THERE IS FINITE CAPACITY IN THE MARKETPLACE FOR DEAD TANK CIRCUIT BREAKERS. 
          AND SO WHAT YOU, WHAT YOU DO SEE TODAY ARE, ARE RECORD EXTRAORDINARY LEAD TIMES, UH, FOR DEAD TANK CIRCUIT BREAKERS. 
          THAT FOR US, IT'S, IT'S MORE A, A, A FUNCTION OF, OF MANUFACTURING CAPACITY, THAT IT IS OUR, OUR SUB-SUPPLIERS. 
          WE HAVE, UH, MORE THAN TRIPLED OUR PRODUCTION CAPACITY FOR, FOR DEAD TANK CIRCUIT BREAKERS. 
          AND, AND THE MARKET CONTINUES TO ASK US FOR MORE. 
          SO THE, THAT'S ANOTHER ADVANTAGE OF THE LIVE TANKS AS WELL, IS THE FACT THAT WE CAN PRODUCE LIVE TANKS UM, IN LESS THAN TWO YEARS. 
          ALL RIGHT, IF WE'RE NOT HEARING ANY OTHER QUESTIONS, UM, I THINK WE CAN. 
          WE ARE NOW SCHEDULED FOR A LUNCH BREAK. 
          UM, WE HAD ORIGINALLY PLANNED TO COME BACK AT ONE O'CLOCK, UM, BUT I WANNA GET A QUICK POLL IN THE ROOM WHETHER YOU WANT TO COME BACK AT ONE O'CLOCK OR IF WE WANT TO TAKE AN HOUR LUNCH BREAK AND, AND START A LITTLE EARLY AT 1230. 
          YES, START EARLY. 
          ALL RIGHT. 
          FOR THOSE OF YOU LISTENING ON THE PHONE, WE'RE GONNA BREAK NOW FOR LUNCH. 
          WE'LL BE BACK AT 1230. 
          UH, TO KICK OFF OUR AFTERNOON UPDATES, UH, 
          [765kV Design Considerations]
GOOD AFTERNOON EVERYONE. 
          UM, I WANT TO SAY THANK YOU VERY MUCH FOR THE HONOR OF ALLOWING ME TO SPEAK HERE. 
          UM, I AM FROM BURNS AND MAC, UH, AND, UH, I'VE BEEN THERE FOR TWO YEARS. 
          I'LL GIVE A LITTLE BIT OF AN EXTENDED INTRODUCTION OF MYSELF. 
          UM, I HAVE A BIT OF AN ACCENT, OBVIOUSLY. 
          I COME ORIGINALLY FROM SOUTH AFRICA. 
          I GREW UP AND, UH, GOT A GRANT THERE TO STUDY, UM, FROM THE UTILITY. 
          UH, AFTER I STUDIED THERE, I STARTED WORKING FOR THE UTILITY ESCOM, I THINK GE RENOVA SO THAT THEY SUPPLIED SOME EQUIPMENT THERE TO ESCOM. 
          AND, UM, REALLY MY, I THINK IT WAS MY SECOND MONTH AFTER I STARTED WORKING FOR THE GRID THERE, UH, MY FIRST SITE VISIT WAS TO A 7 6 5 KV LINE, WHICH WAS THE 320 MILE, UH, BETA GAMMA 7 6 5 KV LINE. 
          UM, AFTER THAT, I WAS DESIGN LEAD FOR ANOTHER 320 MILE, UH, 7 6 5 KV LINE, THE, UH, GAMMA KAPPA LINE. 
          AND AFTER THAT, I WAS, UH, THE DESIGN LEAD FOR THE KAPPA STAUS LINE, WHICH ENDS RIGHT OUTSIDE OF CAPE TOWN. 
          UM, THAT WAS A 130 MILE LINE. 
          UM, I HAVE, UH, ALSO A MASTER'S DEGREE IN MITIGATING CONSTRUCTION RISK IN THE DESIGN AND PLANNING OF OVERHEAD TRANSMISSION LINES. 
          UM, I HAVE SOME EXPERTISE OR A LOT OF EXPERTISE THAT I LIKE IS, UH, OVERHEAD MECHANICS OF LINES, UM, AND HOW THAT IMPACTS STRUCTURAL LOADING. 
          A LOT OF AI AND VIBRATION EXPERIENCE. 
          UM, WORKING WITH THE ALIEN VIBRATION MITIGATION, UH, COR WELL, CORROSION PROTECTION IS VERY INTERESTING TO ME. 
          WE'VE, UH, HAD SOME INTERESTING APPLICATIONS OF THAT OUTSIDE OF GALVANIZING ON 7 65 KV AND, UM, HARDWARE AND ASSEMBLY DESIGNS AND, UH, CONSTRUCTION METHODS AND RISK. 
          UH, I'VE PERSONALLY WITNESSED, UH, FOR ALL OF THOSE PROJECTS, THE CORONA TESTING THAT NEEDED TO BE DONE FOR HARDWARE, UM, DEVELOPMENT OF CORONA RINGS, UH, THE STRUCTURE, UM, DESTRUCTIVE TESTING THAT NEEDED TO BE DONE. 
          AND I WAS ON SITE AND, UH, DID, UM, INTERVIEWS WITH ALL OF THE CONSTRUCTION MANAGERS FOR THOSE PROJECTS, UH, WHILE WRITING 
          [02:00:01]
MY DISSERTATION. 
          UM, SO YEAH. 
          ANY QUESTIONS? YOU HAVE ABOUT 7 6 5 KB. 
          PLEASE FEEL FREE TO REACH OUT TO ME. 
          UH, I PUT IN HERE A LITTLE BIT OF A HISTORY OF 7 6 5 KV. 
          UH, THIS COMES FROM A PAPER, WHICH IS CALLED THE OVERVIEW OF TRANSMISSION LINES ABOVE 700 KV. 
          UH, THIS IS, UH, BASICALLY IT WAS PUBLISHED AS PART OF A IEE SURVEY THAT WAS SENT OUT ALL ACROSS THE WORLD. 
          UM, IT SHOWS THAT IN 1959, THE FIRST, UH, REAL NEED FOR 7 6 5 KV WAS SEEN. 
          AND, UH, IT PROMPTED REALLY A E, P AND G TO PUT UP TEST FACILITIES, DEVELOP THEM TO BE ABLE TO TEST THE PHENOMENON OF MAGNETIC FIELDS, INCREASED MAGNETIC FIELDS, AND CORONA WHEN YOU PUSH UP THE VOLTAGE, UH, TO 7, 6 5 KV LEVEL. 
          AND, UH, THAT IS STILL REALLY THE MAIN POINT OF FOCUS AND INTEREST. 
          WHEN WE LOOK AT NEW DESIGNS FOR 7, 6 5 KV LINES LIKE WE DO HERE IN TEXAS, ALTHOUGH THIS IS OBVIOUSLY, AS YOU CAN SEE HERE, A VERY OLD PRACTICE. 
          UM, AFTER THAT, SCOM PARTNERED, UH, IN 1979 WITH, UH, ITALIAN LAB, AND THEY CREATED THE ULTRA TEST VOLTAGE FACILITY, UM, WHICH IS, UH, I MEAN ULTRA HIGH, I MEAN HIGH ALTITUDE DISC VOLTAGE FACILITY THAT'S ON THE SCOM PLATEAU. 
          IT'S ABOUT 4,500 FEET ABOVE SEA LEVEL. 
          SO YOU GO UP AND ALTITUDE, OBVIOUSLY, THE CORONA IMPACT INCREASES. 
          SO ALL OF THE LINES, UH, RUNNING AT 7, 6 5 KV LEVEL IN SOUTH AFRICA, OR THE MAJORITY OF THEM ARE FROM A DIELECTRIC POINT OF VIEW, ACTUALLY PROBABLY CLOSER TO A THOUSAND KV LINE. 
          UM, AND, UH, THEN IN 19 81, 82, UH, THEY PARTNERED, UM, AND THAT CREATED THAT NET FOR CSIR TEST FACILITIES THERE. 
          UH, A EP SENT SOME ENGINEERS TO HELP THEM GET THAT PROJECT UNDERWAY. 
          UH, THEY ALSO DID ALL OF THE TESTING THERE, UH, INCLUDING STRUCTURES WHERE THEY DID, UH, SWITCHING SEARCH STUDIES AND TESTS ON THE TOWER WINDOWS. 
          UM, AND THEN 1960S TILL TODAY, THERE ARE THOUSANDS OF MILES OF 7, 6 5 KV LINES RUNNING ALL OVER THE WORLD, UM, INCLUDING LIKE, UH, YOU'VE SEEN ON THE MAPS A LOT IN CANADA HERE IN THE US. 
          UM, AND KOREA. 
          UH, SO THAT'S BEEN ABOUT 65 YEARS NOW, UM, WHERE THERE HAS REALLY BEEN 7, 6 5 KV LINES OPERATING SUCCESSFULLY. 
          AND, UH, THAT IS AS PART OF REALLY ONE OF THREE ASPECTS OF 7 6 5 KV LINE. 
          UH, FROM THAT IEEE SURVEY, IT SAYS, UH, I'LL READ IT A LITTLE BIT. 
          UH, THE THIRD USE OF HIGH VOLTAGE LINES WAS TO PROVIDE AN OVERLAY ON AN EXISTING, WELL-DEVELOPED LOWER VOLTAGE SYSTEM. 
          THE PURPOSE OF SUCH AN OVERLAY WAS TO ENABLE THE BULK POWER TRANSFER BETWEEN GENERATING PLANTS AND LOAD CENTERS, WHICH PERMITTED THE SY THE INTEGRATED OPERATION OF THE OVERALL SYSTEM IN AN ECONOMICAL AND RELIABLE MANNER. 
          SUCH A SYSTEM RESULTS IN A COMPLEX NETWORK THAT IS STRONGLY INTERCONNECTED WITH NEIGHBORING SYSTEMS. EXAMPLES OF SUCH SYSTEMS CAN BE FOUND ALL OVER THE WORLD WITH THE A P 7 65 KV SYSTEM. 
          AS A PRIME EXAMPLE IN THE US THIS WAS PUBLISHED IN 2005. 
          SO IN 2005, WHICH IS 20 YEARS AGO, THERE WAS ALREADY REAL APPLAUSE FROM ALL OVER THE WORLD ABOUT THE EFFICIENCY AT WHICH EXISTING 7 65 KV SYSTEMS THAT ARE OVERLAPPING WITH, UH, LOWER VOLTAGE SYSTEMS ARE RUNNING. 
          UM, UH, I HAVE A LITTLE BIT OF AN INFOGRAPH HERE SHOWING REALLY A JUST A COMMON HOW WE WOULD EXPECT A MEDIUM VOLTAGE OR AN EXISTING MEDIUM VOLTAGE SYSTEM TO RUN. 
          AND THEN A 7 65 KV OVERLAY. 
          AND WHAT WE WOULD SEE HERE THAT DIFFERS IS, UH, REALLY THERE IN THE TOP LEFT THE TECHNICAL STUDIES OF CORONA NOISE. 
          UH, THAT'S ONE OF THE MAIN CONCERNS WHEN IT COMES TO 7 65 KV AND, UH, THE THERMAL RATING AND ANALYSIS, UH, WHICH REQUIRES SOME MORE DETAILED LOOK. 
          UH, THE REST OF THIS IS REALLY THE SAME, UH, SUBCONTRACTING SERVICES FOR LIDAR, THE STRUCTURAL ENGINEERING ASPECTS, UH, DOCUMENTATION FOR CONSTRUCTION, CONSTRUCTION DELIVERABLES, CONSTRUCTION SUPPORT, GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERING. 
          UM, REALLY THE SCOPING AND SIDING OF ALL OF THIS STAYS PRETTY SIMILAR TO WHAT WE CAN AND DO NO AS PRACTICE AND COMMON PRACTICE FOR MEDIUM VOLTAGE SYSTEMS. UH, BUT 
          [02:05:01]
IT REALLY STARTS WITH PLANNING. 
          UH, THE, THAT FEEDS THE CONDUCTOR SELECTION OPTIMIZATION. 
          UM, AND THE PHASE TO PHASE SPACING FOR THE ENTIRE LINE SHOULD BE THE SAME. 
          UM, AND THAT SHOULD BE A STANDARDIZED VALUE, AND THAT VALUE WOULD THEN FEED BACK TO THE SYSTEM PLANNER, AND THEY WOULD HAVE TO RERUN MODELS OF THIS SYSTEM TO TRY AND SEE IF THERE ARE ANY HARMONIC PROBLEMS OR ANY OF THOSE THINGS. 
          UM, AND, UH, THEN THOSE CONDUCTOR BUNDLES THAT ARE SELECTED AS THE OPTIMUM CAN BE TESTED AND IT NEEDS TO BE TESTED AT A FACILITY SUCH AS, UM, EPRI TEST SITES, UH, OR TCO OR, UM, THERE ARE SOME OTHERS IN SOUTH AFRICA AS WELL. 
          SO ALSO BASED ON THAT IEEE SURVEY, UM, THE ENVIRONMENTAL CONSTRAINTS, UH, PARTICULARLY THE AUDIBLE NOISE LIMITS SET BY EPR AND THE EPA WILL DICTATE THE CONDUCTOR SELECTION. 
          UM, OTHER ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS INCLUDE THE RADIO INTERFERENCE, UM, CORONA AND LINE LOSSES. 
          UH, RADIO INTERFERENCE WAS A BIG CONCERN AND TV INTERFERENCE ALSO, UM, BACK IN THE SIXTIES WHEN THIS WAS DEVELOPED, UH, WHEN THE RADIO AND TV OBVIOUSLY OPERATED STILL IN, UH, A DIFFERENT WAY NOWADAYS, WE, EVERYTHING IS STREAMED OR IT'S CABLE TV, SO IT'S, UM, NOT THAT BIG OF A PROBLEM. 
          BUT, UH, ALL OF THIS IS REALLY LINKED. 
          UH, IF WE DO A CONDUCT A SELECTION OPTIMIZATION STUDY, AND WE LOOK AT THE GUIDELINES FOR THAT PROVIDED BY THE EPA, WHICH DICTATE THAT WE NEED, UM, SOMETHING LIKE 55 DECIBELS AT THE EDGE OF THE RIGHT OF WAY, UH, WE USE THOSE VALUES AND WE CALCULATE THE GEOMETRIC MEAN RADIUS AND THE GEOMETRIC MEAN DIAMETER OF THE BUNDLE AND THE FACE TO FACE SPACING. 
          AND, UH, WE USE THAT AND EVALUATE THE FINANCIAL IMPACTS OF USING DIFFERENT CONDUCTORS. 
          UM, AND, UH, THAT GIVES US AN IDEA OF THE NOISE, WHICH IS A PUBLIC NUISANCE, AND IT CAN BE A SAFETY CONCERN. 
          BUT, UH, NOISE IS REALLY THE PHYSICAL MANIFESTATION OF A BAD DESIGN. 
          IF WE HAVE EXCESSIVE NOISE ON A LINE, UH, IT MEANS EXCESSIVE CORRO CORONA, AND THAT IS REALLY MONEY BEING THROWN AWAY OVER THE LIFESPAN OF THAT ASSET, UM, AS IT INCREASES THE LOSSES OF THAT LINE. 
          SO SELECTION OF THE CONDUCTOR AND THE BUNDLE, UH, WITH THOSE NOISE LIMITS AT THE EDGE OF THE RIGHT OF WAY WILL GOVERN THAT, UH, CONDUCTED DIAMETER. 
          AND, UM, ALL OF THOSE CAN BE REFERENCED IN THE EPA AND, UH, THOSE WILL DICTATE WHAT THE RIGHT OF WAY WIDTH WILL BE, AND THEY CAN BE TESTED AFTERWARDS. 
          AFTER SELECTION. 
          THEY SHOULD BE TESTED FOR CONFIRMATION OF ANYTHING THAT WE CALCULATE. 
          UM, OTHER TECHNICAL CONSIDERATIONS, UM, THERE ARE PRETTY STANDARD IS, UH, SHIELD WIRING, GROUNDING SPECIFICATIONS, UH, DESIGNED FOR FAULT CLEARING TIME AND CURRENT, UH, THE HARDWARE AND INSULATED DESIGN. 
          UM, I'LL TALK A LITTLE BIT MORE IN DETAIL ABOUT, UH, BUT, UH, DESIGN FOR INSULATION AND MAINTENANCE, ALSO MAINTENANCE REQUIREMENTS IS ONE OF THE OTHER CONCERNS. 
          UM, AND, UH, THEN THE BASIC TOWER HEAD GEOMETRY. 
          SO IF WE DESIGN FOR A SPECIFIC, UH, GEOMETRIC MEAN DISTANCE THAT FACE-TO-FACE SPACING REALLY DICTATES WHAT YOUR TOWER HEAD GEOMETRY IS GONNA LOOK LIKE. 
          UM, AND THAT NEEDS TO STAY CONSISTENT THROUGHOUT A LINE DESIGN. 
          SO YOU HAVE, WE HAVE DIFFERENT PARTNERS, UH, BUILDING A LINE TOGETHER. 
          THESE CONDUCTOR SELECTION OPTIMIZATION STUDIES NEED TO BE PERFORMED VERY EARLY ON IN THE DESIGN AND FORM. 
          PART OF THE CRITICAL PATH FOR THAT DESIGN NEEDS TO BE AGREED UPON BETWEEN TWO PARTNERS OWNING THE LINE, AND THAT NEEDS TO STAY CONSISTENT THROUGHOUT THE LINE. 
          UM, AND BASED ON THAT, THE VALUES CAN THEN FEED BACK TO THE SYSTEM PLANNERS, UH, FOR CHECKING OFF THEIR ORIGINAL MODEL SO THAT THEY CAN VERIFY ALL OF THEIR, UM, SYSTEM PLANNING STUDIES. 
          UH, THIS IS AN EXTRA FROM THAT IEEE SURVEY, UM, PUT ON THE LEFT THERE. 
          WHY DO SOME LINES NEED MORE FACE-TO-FACE SPACING? UM, OR WHY DO SOME LINES NEED MORE CABLES? UH, IT'S A LITTLE BIT OF A BUSY GRAPH THERE. 
          UM, I PULLED IT, UH, JUST OUT A FEW OF THE EXAMPLES HERE. 
          UM, TWO OF WHICH ARE THE A EP TWO AND THREE LINE. 
          UH, YOU CAN SEE THERE THE NUMBER OF SUB CONDUCTORS. 
          UH, THE ONE WAS RUNNING WITH FOUR SUB CONDUCTORS AND THE ONE WITH SIX SUB CONDUCTORS. 
          UH, THEY HAVE DIFFERENT DIAMETERS. 
          [02:10:01]
SO THE CONDUCTOR DIAMETER DECREASED, UH, FOR THE LINE, THEN, UM, RUNNING AT SIX CONDUCTORS. 
          AND, UH, THE REASON IT FOR THAT IS THE GEOMETRIC MEAN RADIUS. 
          SO IF WE WANT TO KEEP THE ELECTRIC FIELD GRADIENT ON THE OUTER SURFACE OF THE CONDUCTOR BUNDLE, THE SAME, IF WE INCREASE THE NUMBER OF SUB CONDUCTORS, WE CAN DECREASE THE NUMBER. 
          WELL, WE CAN DECREASE THE CONDUCTOR SIZE A LITTLE BIT, UM, BUT WE CAN CONTROL THE CORONA A LOT BETTER. 
          UH, THE FIRST LINES WERE BUILT WITH FOUR CONDUCTORS OF A LITTLE BIT BIGGER DIAMETER, AND IT WAS TESTED. 
          AND THEN LATER WITH, UH, BETTER OPTIMIZATION, UH, IT WAS CHANGED TO A SIX CONDUCTOR SPACING. 
          UH, THE SCOM LINE THERE AT THE BOTTOM I PUT IN THERE, UM, THAT'S ALSO RUNNING WITH, UH, SIX SUB CONDUCTORS. 
          UH, IT'S GOT A LITTLE BIT OF A BIGGER DIAMETER FOR THE CONDUCTOR. 
          AND, UM, THE FACE-TO-FACE SPACING IS ALSO NOT 45 FEET. 
          IT'S ABOUT 50 FEET. 
          AND THAT'S, UM, BECAUSE THE ESCOM LINE IS OPERATING NOW MUCH HIGHER ALTITUDE ABOVE MEANS SEA LEVEL. 
          UM, THIS IS ANOTHER TABLE FROM THAT SAME PAPER. 
          UM, WHY DO SOME LE LINES NEED A WIDER RIGHT OF WAY? UH, I PULLED IN HERE THE SAME TWO, THREE EXAMPLES, REALLY, UH, THE A P TWO AND THE A P THREE LINE. 
          UM, YOU CAN SEE THERE, THE WIDTH OF THE RIGHT OF WAY OF THE AP TWO LINE WAS ABOUT A 200 FOOT. 
          UH, THE AP THREE LINE WAS AROUND 300 FEET. 
          UM, ONE OF THE MAIN REASONS THERE ALSO, YOU CAN SEE THAT, UH, ALTITUDE FOR AP TWO WAS ABOUT 2000 FEET ABOVE SEA LEVEL, AND THAT CHANGED TO ABOUT 2,600 FEET ABOVE SEA LEVEL. 
          UM, SO THAT'S WHY WE HAD THAT CHANGE IN THE RIGHT OF WAY. 
          AND THE AUDIBLE NOISE THEN AT THE EDGE OF THE RIGHT OF WAY WAS PRETTY SIMILAR. 
          SO FOR THAT CHANGE IN ALTITUDE, YOU HAD TO STILL ADD 50 FOOT TO THE RIGHT OF WAY TO JUST STAY WITHIN THAT 55 DBA KIND OF FRAMEWORK THAT THE EPA GUIDELINES, UH, DICTATE. 
          UH, THE ESCOM LINE YOU CAN SEE RUNS AT 4,900 FEET ABOVE SEA LEVEL. 
          SO THAT'S, UM, OBVIOUSLY WHY IT NEEDS, UH, QUITE A BIG CROWD OF WAY ALSO, UM, AND A LARGER FACE-TO-FACE PACING. 
          SO SOME OF THE TECHNICAL CONSIDERATIONS REALLY THAT I LISTED HERE IS, UH, THE EMI, THOSE ARE PROBABLY WHERE YOUR DESIGN NEEDS TO START WITH, UM, REALLY CHECKING THAT. 
          AND, UH, BECAUSE OF WE HAVE THAT INCREASED IN THE EMF, UH, THE ELECTRIC MAGNETIC FIELDS, THE ALL OF THAT CAN IMPACT THE ENVIRONMENT AROUND IT. 
          THAT INCLUDES ADJACENT UTILITIES, UM, EVEN THINGS LIKE FENCES. 
          UH, ANYTHING REALLY RUNNING PARALLEL TO THE LINE RAILWAY TRACKS, PIPELINES, UM, ALL OF THAT BECOMES A LITTLE BIT OF A CONCERN. 
          OR THEY CAN BE, THOSE CAN NOW WITH NEW MODERN TOOLS BE STUDIED VERY ACCURATELY AND REALLY ANY IMPACT THAT WE HAVE ON THEM CAN BE MITIGATED. 
          UM, WE CAN THEN MOVE FORWARD IN THE DESIGN PROCESS, LOOKING AT CONDUCTOR SELECTION AND, UH, OPTIMIZATION, UH, INSULATION COORDINATION, UM, EMF CORONA, WHICH DICTATES THAT AUDIBLE NOISE. 
          UM, AND THEN LIGHTNING AND GROUNDING PUT THERE AT THE BOTTOM. 
          IF YOU DON'T TEST, YOU DON'T KNOW. 
          UM, ALL OF THESE THINGS CAN BE MODELED VERY ACCURATELY NOW WITH MODERN TOOLS. 
          UM, THE NOISE LIMITS, ALL OF THAT, BUT UNTIL YOU DON'T TEST IT, YOU DON'T REALLY KNOW. 
          UM, AND THOSE TESTS CAN LUCKILY BE DONE. 
          NOW, WE DON'T NEED, BECAUSE WE ARE NEW IN, UH, 7, 6 5 KV IN TEXAS, WE DON'T NEED TO DEVELOP TEST FACILITIES LIKE THAT. 
          WHAT WAS DONE BY A EP IN 1960S, THEY BUILT ALL OF THEIR NEW TEST FACILITIES TO TRY AND TEST THIS. 
          WE HAVE NOW TEST FACILITIES ALREADY. 
          WE HAVE EXPERIENCED AND FI FIXED REALLY GRIDS, AND WE CAN RELY ON ALL OF THAT TECHNICAL INFORMATION. 
          WE CAN USE THOSE EXISTING TEST CENTERS, WE CAN DO DESIGNS, WE CAN MODEL IT, AND THEN WE CAN GO AND TEST IT, WHICH IS NOT A VERY EXPENSIVE EXERCISE, BUT IT DOES ENSURE THAT WE GET A PRODUCT THAT CAN MAKE US SLEEP EASY AT NIGHT, UM, BEFORE WE EVEN BUILD IT. 
          UM, SO I DID MENTION A LITTLE BIT ABOUT, UH, DESIGN DECISIONS AND STANDARDIZATION THAT NEEDS TO OCCUR. 
          UM, SOME DECISIONS THAT CAN BE MADE UPFRONT INCLUDE THE TOWER FAMILY. 
          UM, WHAT IS YOUR BASE TANGENT STRUCTURE LOOK LIKE, UH, YOUR DEAD END STRUCTURES, ALL THOSE KIND OF STRUCTURE TYPES. 
          [02:15:01]
UH, THE HARDWARE DESIGN, WHICH IS SOMETHING VERY IMPORTANT. 
          SUSPENSION ASSEMBLIES, DEAD END ASSEMBLIES. 
          AND, UH, REALLY IF YOU WANT TO DESIGN A LINE FOR MAINTAINABILITY AND, UH, DESIGN FOR LIFELINE MAINTAINABILITY, UH, THE REASON FOR A LOT OF THIS IS BECAUSE, UM, SOME OF THIS HAS A BIG IMPACT ON CONSTRUCTION, UH, BUT ALSO FOR HARDWARE DESIGN IN PARTICULAR. 
          UH, THESE HARDWARE DESIGNS AND ASSEMBLIES, UM, WERE DEVELOPED BACK IN THE SIXTIES. 
          A LOT OF THEM WERE GRANDFATHERED INTO NEW DESIGNS OF TRANSMISSION LINES, BUT REALLY THEY WERE STANDARDIZED FOR APPLICATIONS. 
          AND, UH, WHEN WE LOOK NOW AT NEW DESIGNS, NEW CONDUCTOR SELECTION OPTIMIZATIONS, UH, THOSE HARDWARE DESIGNS NEED TO BE MADE BY ONE VENDOR. 
          THEY NEED THE TIME TO DEVELOP ALL OF THAT AND TO ELECTRICALLY TEST THAT TO ENSURE THAT THEIR PRODUCT IS CORONA FREE. 
          AND THAT INCLUDES THE AIOLI, VIBRATION MITIGATION, AND SPACEY DAMPERS. 
          UM, AND THAT NEEDS A CONSIDERABLE AMOUNT OF TIME ACTUALLY FOR THEM TO JUST DEVELOP AND TEST IT. 
          IT WOULD PROBABLY ADD ABOUT EIGHT MONTHS, UH, TO THEIR TESTING SCHEDULE. 
          UM, SO, UH, THAT'S WHY I SAY THOSE THINGS NEED TO BE REALLY TESTED AND DECIDED UPFRONT. 
          AND IT CAN BE. 
          IT'S, UH, SOMETHING THAT CAN RUN PARALLEL WITH THE REST OF A PROJECT TIMELINE. 
          AFTER THE INITIAL DECISIONS ARE MADE ON CONDUCTIVE SELECTION OPTIMIZATION, UH, DESIGNED FOR MAINTAINABILITY, THAT'S A BIG CONSIDERATION FOR ANY 7, 6 5 KV LINE, UH, BECAUSE OF, UM, REALLY THE IMPACT THEY HAVE TO THE GRID, YOU WOULD WANT TO HAVE THEM DESIGNED FOR LIFELINE MAINTAINABLE. 
          UH, BUT THERE ARE A FEW CONSIDERATIONS. 
          UH, C GRADE PAPER, 5 61 LISTS A LOT OF TOPICS THAT, UM, AND ASPECTS OF LINES REGARDING LIFELINE MAINTAINABILITY. 
          UH, WE HAD SOME SERIOUS, UH, INTERVIEWS AND DISCUSSIONS WITH UTILITIES CHIEF, UH, MAINTENANCE ENGINEERS ABOUT THIS, UM, AND IDENTIFIED AS PER THE C GRADE DOCUMENT, THE RISKS OF CERTAIN ACTIVITIES, UM, AND IF THEY ARE APPLICABLE, AND HOW CAN THEY BE APPLIED IN 7, 6 5 KV. 
          UM, SOME OF THE THINGS THAT CAME UP MOST FREQUENTLY WAS, UH, THAT, UH, SPACEY DAMPERS ARE SOMETIMES, UH, THE MOST COMMON THING THAT NEEDS TO BE REPLACED, AND THEY CAN ALL BE REPLACED LIVE WITH JUST USE OF A BUCKET TRUCK. 
          UM, INSULATED STRINGS CAN BE REPLACED, UH, ON TANGENT ASSEMBLIES VERY EASILY, AND EVEN MORE SO IF THEY ARE COMPOSITE INSULATORS. 
          UM, SOME OF THE PROBLEMS THAT THEY HAVE IS CHANGING OUT OF INSULATOR ASSEMBLIES, ET CETERA, ON DEAD END ASSEMBLIES BECAUSE OF THE ACTUAL WEIGHT OF THE INSULATOR STRINGS. 
          SO TO RIG IT UP AND TO GET IT OUT IS MORE OF A CONCERN ACTUALLY, THAN THE ACTUAL ELECTRICAL CLEARANCES. 
          THERE IS MORE THAN AMPLE SPACE INSIDE THESE TOWERS TO WORK SAFELY, ELECTRICALLY. 
          UH, IT IS REALLY THE RIGGING CAPACITY AND THE WEIGHT OF SOME OF THESE INSULATOR ASSEMBLIES, ET CETERA, THAT IS A BIG RISK. 
          UM, ONE OF THE CHIEF ENGINEERS SAID HE WISHES HE COULD ACTUALLY TAKE, UH, TRAINED RIGGERS AND TEACH THEM THE ELECTRICAL ASPECTS RATHER THAN TAKING AN ELECTRICAL ARTISAN AND TEACHING THEM THE MECHANICAL RIGGING ASPECTS, UM, BECAUSE OF, UH, SO THAT GIVES YOU AN IDEA OF HOW BIG THE CLEARANCES ARE, AND ACTUALLY IT'S, UM, IT CAN BE HANDLED VERY SAFELY, AND IT IS SAFE FOR PEOPLE TO WORK IN THERE. 
          UH, SOME OF THE OTHER ASPECTS THAT WERE LOOKED AT IS, UH, THE TOWER DESIGNS. 
          UM, ONE ASPECT IS TOWER COMPACTION. 
          UH, THIS IS A MORE OF AN OPTIMIZATION ASPECT OF TOWER DESIGN, AND THAT'S A TASK THAT AFFECTS THE STRUCTURAL ELECTRICAL PERFORMANCE, UH, WHICH IS MOSTLY SURGE CLEARANCES, UH, THAT I'M TALKING ABOUT THERE, THAT COULD HAVE A SYSTEM PERFORMANCE IMPACT. 
          UM, IF WE OPTIMIZE THE DESIGN AND WE TRY AND SQUEEZE THE PHASES CLOSER TO EACH OTHER, AND WE TRY AND COMPACT REALLY THE BUNDLE SIZES, WE CAN INCREASE THE POWER FLOW OF THE LINE, WHICH WILL OBVIOUSLY BENEFIT, UM, POCKET WISE FOR THE LIFESPAN OF THAT ASSET. 
          UM, IT DOES COME WITH SOME RISK, UH, OF, IF YOU DON'T KNOW WHAT YOU'RE DOING AND YOU DON'T TEST IT, THAT THERE CAN BE SOME FAULTS, UH, TO THE TOWER WINDOWS THEMSELVES UNDER SURGE CONDITIONS, AND IT DOES IMPACT THE LIFELINE CLEARANCES ALSO. 
          SO THAT IS SOME TECHNICAL DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS. 
          IF YOU DO HAVE A TOWER THAT YOU DEVELOP, IT MIGHT BE WORTH ACTUALLY BUILDING A TOWER IN A TEST FACILITY, OR, UH, BASICALLY JUST A MOCKUP OF THE TOWER WINDOW 
          [02:20:01]
TO SCALE, UH, WITH A HARDWARE ASSEMBLY IN IT AND TEST IT. 
          UH, WHEN THESE TOWERS AND THINGS WERE FIRST DEVELOPED AND DESIGNED IN THE 1960S, THEY DIDN'T HAVE THE MODELING SOFTWARE AND EVERYTHING. 
          UM, THEY COULDN'T HAVE A HARDWARE ASSEMBLY THAT COULD JUST FIT INTO THIS. 
          UM, THEY DIDN'T HAVE THE CAPACITY TO DESIGN A HARDWARE CORONA RING. 
          THEY HAD TO REALLY MOCK IT ALL UP, ASK A HARDWARE VENDOR TO COME IN, TRY AND SEE IF THE CORONA RINGS WOULD EFFECTIVELY MITIGATE ALL OF THIS, UM, IF THEY, THEY DIDN'T KNOW HOW BIG THEY NEEDED TO BE. 
          SO IT'S VERY DIFFICULT THEN TO TRY AND SEE WHAT THE CLEARANCES BETWEEN CORONA RINGS AND THINGS, AND THE TOWER WINDOW NEEDED TO BE. 
          UM, AND THAT STARTED WITH DESIGNS, UH, BEING ONLY AT 50 FEET, AND THEY COULD LATER THEN WITH KNOWN TESTS, CONDENSE THOSE, UM, TOWERS TO ABOUT A 45 FOOT FACE TO FACE SPACING LIKE I SHOWED IN THAT, UH, IEE SENSORS. 
          UM, THIS, UH, WE'VE HEARD THIS MORNING A LITTLE BIT ABOUT GUIDE V TOWERS, UM, AND, UH, THE REAL BENEFIT OF THEM IS NOT, UH, ALWAYS THAT THEY JUST WEIGH LESS. 
          UM, WE, UH, CAN ALSO BUILD A COMPLETE GUIDE V STRUCTURE ON THE GROUND AND HAVE ALL OF THE STUBS FOR THE GUY ANCHORS SIT IN PLACE, THE CENTER PAD SIT IN PLACE, YOU CAN HAVE THE ENTIRE HARDWARE ASSEMBLY, FOR INSTANCE, ATTACHED TO THE TOWER. 
          YOU CAN HAVE EVERYTHING INSPECTED, THE RUNNING BLOCKS, EVERYTHING IN PLACE, PICK UP THE TOWER WITH NO ONE ON IT, PUT IT ON THE PAD, TIE ALL OF THE G WIRES ON, AND ONCE IT'S PLUMB, YOU CAN SEND SOMEONE UP TO JUST DISCONNECT THE TOWER AND THE RIGGING, SORRY, THE CRANE AND THE RIGGING. 
          SO THERE'S NO ONE REALLY THAT NEEDS TO ASSEMBLE ANY BOLTS WHILE THE TOWER IS BEING LIFTED. 
          BY DOING THIS, YOU CAN LIFT PROBABLY SEVEN TO EIGHT OF THESE STRUCTURES A DAY, WHICH MAKES CONSTRUCTION A LOT SAFER AND A LOT LESS RISKY. 
          UM, SO THAT'S SOMETHING TO KEEP IN MIND. 
          UH, SOMETIMES GUIDE STRUCTURES ARE ALMOST FROWNED UPON BECAUSE GUIDEWIRES GET HIT BY SOME, UH, FARM EQUIPMENT AND THOSE KIND OF THINGS. 
          BUT FOR 7 65 KV, UH, IT REALLY DOES MAKE SENSE TO REDUCE, UH, THE RISK DURING CONSTRUCTION. 
          UM, AND TO INCREASE PROBABLY PROBABLY THE, THE AMOUNT OF STRUCTURES YOU CAN PICK UP. 
          UH, IF THERE IS ANY CONSTRAINTS OR CONCERNS ABOUT CONSTRAINTS FOR THE LABOR FORCE, A GUIDE, THE STRUCTURE, UH, SHOULD REALLY BE SOMETHING THAT THE INDUSTRY PUSHES TOWARDS BECAUSE OF, UM, REALLY THE MINIMAL LABOR INVOLVED IN THESE KIND OF THINGS. 
          AND ONE CAN NOW BE INNOVATIVE. 
          ONE CAN TRY AND SEE IF ONE CAN DESIGN THESE STRUCTURES TO BE MORE OF A MODULAR TYPE OF STRUCTURE THAT YOU CAN ASSEMBLE ALMOST IN A SHOP, SHIP IT TO SITE, AND HAVE VERY FEW BOLTS AND THINGS TIED TOGETHER ON SITE. 
          AND THAT WOULD EVEN HELP FURTHER, UH, TO ELIMINATE REALLY THE CONSTRAINTS, UH, IN THE LABOR. 
          UM, THERE ARE COST BENEFITS. 
          UH, DOUBLE CIRCUIT 500 KV STRUCTURES ARE TYPICALLY TALLER THAN 7 65 KV TOWERS. 
          UM, 7 6 5 KV IS ACTUALLY MORE ENVIRONMENTALLY FRIENDLY. 
          UH, THE INSULATOR AIR GAPS ARE LARGE ENOUGH THAT THEY CANNOT BE BREACHED BY BIRD STREAMERS. 
          UM, SO YOU DON'T NEED ANY, UH, BIRD GUARDS ON TOP OF STRUCTURES TO PROTECT THE BIRDS. 
          UH, THERE'S LESS STRUCTURAL LOAD THAN WITH 500 KV DOUBLE, UM, BECAUSE FOR 500 KB DOUBLE CIRCUIT, IF YOU HAVE SOMETHING THAT USES, LIKE A TRIPLE FALCON CONDUCTOR, YOU WOULD HAVE 18 CONDUCTORS OF A HIGHER DIAMETER THAN WITH THE 18 CONDUCTORS THAT YOU WOULD HAVE FOR A 7 65 KB LINE. 
          UH, THEY ARE JUST HIGHER UP, SO YOU NEED MORE V STRINGS. 
          YOU DOUBLE THE AMOUNT OF VT STRINGS. 
          YOU NEED MORE INSULATED DISKS YOU WOULD NEED, UH, OBVIOUSLY THEN A TOILET TOWER, HIGHER WIND LOADS AND LARGER FOUNDATIONS. 
          SO LESS ASSEMBLIES EQUALS LOWER RISK. 
          LOWER COST. 
          SO 7, 6 5 KV LINES CAN ACTUALLY BE QUITE CHEAPER THAN EVEN BUILDING SOME 3 45 KV LINES THAT USE LIKE 1926 CONDUCTOR. 
          UM, AND THERE COULD BE EVEN LESS RISK FOR CASCADING FAILURES, WHICH IS A BIG CONCERN OF SOME OF THE UTILITIES. 
          IF YOU'RE WORKING WITH VERY LARGE AIR GAPS AND LONG INSULATORS, THOSE INSULATORS CAN TYPICALLY SWING OUT QUITE A LONG DISTANCE, AND THAT MITIGATES THE LOAD ON THE STRUCTURES. 
          SO YOU COULD HAVE A LOWER RISK OF CASCADING FAILURES WITH THE USE OF GUIDE V STRUCTURES, UH, THE GUY WIRES AND THINGS INCREASE THE FOOTPRINT OF THE STRUCTURE A LITTLE BIT, SO YOU CAN HAVE, UH, BIGGER LONGITUDINAL 
          [02:25:01]
IMBALANCES WITHOUT THE RISK OF ADVERSELY AFFECTING THE STRUCTURAL. 
          UM, THERE'S A LITTLE BIT OF A PICTURE THERE OF A TYPICAL 7 6 5 KV ASSEMBLY THAT WE CAN NOW EASILY DESIGN FOR, UM, THAT SHOWS GLASS DISCS, OBVIOUSLY, BUT, UH, THOSE CAN BE REPLACED WITH COMPOSITE INSULATORS. 
          UM, JUST NOT A PRACTICE REALLY THAT WAS AVAILABLE BACK IN THE DAY IN THE 1960S. 
          AS I SAID, UM, HARDWARE DESIGNERS, UM, ALL OF THE VENDORS NEED TO BE ALSO BROUGHT UP TO SPEED ABOUT ALL OF THIS. 
          UM, THEY HAVE ALSO NOT BEEN REALLY DESIGNING AND TESTING NEW 7 65 KV HARDWARE ASSEMBLIES, AI AND VIBRATION DAMPERS, ALL OF THAT. 
          AND THAT NEEDS TO BE TESTED, UM, IN FACILITIES NOT ONLY ELECTRICALLY, UH, TO CHECK IF THEY'RE CORONA FREE OR THAT CORONA IS ADEQUATELY MITIGATED. 
          BUT ALSO, UM, FROM AN ALIEN PERSPECTIVE, UH, IF WE HAVE, LET'S SAY A SIX CONDUCTOR BUNDLE, THAT CONDUCTOR BUNDLE IS THEN ADEQUATE FOR REDUCING THE CORONA DISCHARGES AND THE NOISE. 
          BUT THAT BUNDLE IS NEVER GONNA OPERATE AT ITS MAXIMUM OPERATING TEMPERATURE. 
          THERE IS NO USE FOR DESIGNING IT TO SAG TO THAT VALUE. 
          AND THAT MEANS THAT YOU WOULD TYPICALLY ACTUALLY WANT THAT BUNDLE TO JUST PERFORM OPTIMALLY FROM AN A ALIEN PERSPECTIVE. 
          SO YOU WOULD SAG THAT CONDUCTOR MAYBE TO 18% OF ITS RATED BRAKING STRENGTH TO JUST MITIGATE THE A OIN VIBRATION DAMAGE THAT POTENTIAL. 
          AND ALL OF THAT THEN HAS TO GO BACK TO THE HARDWARE DESIGN VENDORS, AND THEY NEED TO TEST THE BASIC DAMS AND THINGS TO SEE IF THEY CAN EFFECTIVELY MITIGATE A OIN VIBRATION AND EXTEND THE LIFESPAN OF THAT ASSET. 
          SO FOR TECHNICAL CONSIDERATIONS, I PUT IN HERE A FEW POINTS. 
          UM, THERE NEEDS TO BE SOME ESTABLISHED STANDARDS. 
          UM, YOU HAVE TO SECURE, OBVIOUSLY A KNOWLEDGEABLE TEAM THAT UNDERSTANDS OF THIS, UM, EXPERIENCE GOES A LONG WAY. 
          YOU HAVE TO FIND AND ASSESS VENDORS THAT CAN ADEQUATELY SUPPLY FOR ALL OF THESE. 
          THEY HAVE TO BE ABLE TO HAVE RELATIONSHIPS WITH TESTING FACILITIES THAT CAN HELP TEST ANY OF THEIR DESIGNS. 
          AND YOU NEED TO BE ABLE TO INSPECT THESE MANUFACTURING FACILITIES AND SEE IF THEY ACTUALLY HAVE THE CAPACITY TO DO THAT. 
          YOU HAVE TO IDENTIFY POTENTIAL TEST STATIONS. 
          IF YOU'RE TALKING ABOUT STRUCTURES, WHERE CAN THE DESTRUCTIVE TESTING BE DONE? UM, AT THE MOMENT IN THE US THERE ARE NOT ANY TEST STATIONS THAT CAN TEST LADDER STEEL STRUCTURES THAT ARE REQUIRED FOR 7 65 KV. 
          THAT WOULD ALL NEED TO BE DONE OVERSEAS. 
          AND, UH, TO DESIGN AND DEVELOP A FULL FAMILY OF LADDER STEEL STRUCTURES COULD TAKE UP TO PROBABLY 20 MONTHS AT LEAST, UH, FOR, FROM DESIGN, AFTER HARDWARE IS DESIGNED AND CONDUCT A SELECTION IS FINISHED, AND, UM, ALL OF THAT IS REVIEWED FOR A TOWER TO BE DETAILED, A PROTOTYPE CREATED, UM, SOMEONE TO GO OVER INSPECTED AND PUT UP AT A TEST STATION AND IT BEING TESTED TO DESTRUCTION. 
          UM, SO IDENTIFYING THAT UP EARLY ON IS OF CRITICAL IMPORTANCE. 
          AND, UM, YEAH, AND THEN IT ALL JUST NEEDS TO BE TESTED. 
          UH, SO THE STRATEGY FOR SUCCESS, UM, 7, 6 5 KV LINES CAN BE CHEAPER THAN 500 KV DOUBLE CIRCUIT. 
          UH, THEY CAN EVEN BE CHEAPER THAN 3 45 KV. 
          REALLY HEAVY LOADED LINES BECAUSE OF THE SIZE THAT WE SEE COMMON NOW ON 3 45 KV DOUBLE CIRCUIT LINES OF THE CONDUCTOR, LIKE, UH, 1926. 
          UM, BUT IT NEEDS MORE PLANNING AND TESTING UPFRONT. 
          UM, PLANNING AND SWITCHING STUDIES THAT NEED TO BE DONE UPFRONT HARDWARE TESTING AS SOON AS POSSIBLE AT THE FRONT OF THE DESIGN PROCESS. 
          AND, UH, POSSIBLE TOWER GAP TESTING, IF YOU SEE HIGH SURGE VALUES OF YOUR LINES, AND, UM, I MEAN, THAT CAN BE CONTROLLED BY SOME MITIGATION DEVICES, UM, LIKE SURGE ARRESTERS. 
          BUT, UH, TO TEST THAT IS PROBABLY A GOOD IDEA. 
          AND, UH, SOME OF THE RIV CORONA NOISE TESTING, THAT HAS TO BE DONE, UH, THAT WOULD TAKE, UH, AT A FACILITY, UM, SUCH AS ERI, THE LENOX TEST FACILITY, AND A CORONA CAGE, UM, THEY WOULD PROBABLY NEED AN EIGHT MONTH HEAD UP. 
          AND IF YOU HAVE A FEW CONDUCTORS THAT YOU SELECT AS POTENTIAL CANDIDATES WOULD WANT TO TEST, PROBABLY 
          [02:30:01]
ALL OF THEM. 
          SO THAT WOULD TAKE QUITE A WHILE. 
          I THINK A CONDUCTOR WOULD NEED TO BE INSIDE A CORONA TEST CAGE OUTSIDE, UM, IN FAIR WEATHER. 
          SO THOSE FACILITIES CAN ONLY ALSO TEST IT REALLY IN THE SUMMER OR, UM, FROM SPRING ONWARDS. 
          UH, THEY WOULD NOT BE ABLE TO DO THAT OUTSIDE, UM, IN THE WINTER. 
          AND, UH, THE SAME FOR STRUCTURES, UH, TO DO THAT DESTRUCTIVE TESTING. 
          THAT TAKES QUITE A WHILE. 
          UPFRONT PLANNING IS OF IMPORTANCE. 
          UH, ONCE YOU HAVE ALL OF THAT IN PLACE, IT CAN BE REALLY A VERY, VERY GOOD SOLUTION FOR THE GRID. 
          UM, IT COULD BE CHEAPER, COULD BE FASTER TO BUILD. 
          UM, IF YOU RUN AND PLAN ALL OF THESE THINGS AND THESE PROJECTS UPFRONT, UH, SPEND THE MONEY UPFRONT, REALLY, THAT'S WHERE YOU CAN SAVE A LOT IN THE LONG RUN. 
          UM, SO DUE TO THE INCREASED RISK OF FALSE TESTING IS REQUIRED, UM, BECAUSE ONCE YOU SWITCH ON THE LINE, IT'S VERY DIFFICULT TO CHANGE THAT GEOMETRIC MEAN DISTANCE OR THE GEOMETRIC MEAN RADIUS OF YOUR BUNDLE. 
          AND YOU COULD HAVE CORONA NOISE, ALL OF THAT INCREASED LOSSES FOR THE LIFESPAN OF THAT ASSET. 
          AND THOSE THINGS ARE THEN ONCE THE LINE IS SWITCHED ON, VERY DIFFICULT OR ALMOST IMPOSSIBLE TO CHANGE. 
          UH, VERY EXPENSIVE. 
          SO TESTING THAT UPFRONT IS PROBABLY THE BEST WAY TO MITIGATE ANY OF THAT. 
          UM, THAT'S REALLY IT FOR ME. 
          UH, I'LL OPEN UP THE FLOOR FOR ANY QUESTIONS. 
          I, YOU JUST, ONE, ONE COMMENT I WOULD LIKE TO MAKE FROM A EP, AND AGAIN, I THINK A LOT OF, A LOT OF GOOD INFORMATION HERE. 
          AS YOU CAN SEE, THERE ARE A LOT OF STANDARDS THAT GET DEVELOPED OVER TIME. 
          UH, YOU KNOW, ONE THING THAT WE HAVE TOLD SOME OF OUR PEERS IS THAT, OF COURSE, YOU GUYS ARE WELCOME TO, YOU KNOW, DEVELOP YOUR OWN STANDARDS, YOU KNOW, DO ALL THE TESTING AND STUFF THAT NEEDS DONE. 
          OR WE ARE ALSO VERY HAPPY TO SHARE THE STANDARDS THAT WE HAVE DEVELOPED, ESPECIALLY, UH, WITH THE TRANSMISSION SERVICE PROVIDERS WHO ARE IN TEXAS AND WHO MAY BE DOING SOME OF THIS SEVEN 60 5K WORK, BECAUSE YOU KNOW THAT THOSE STANDARDS, OF COURSE, ARE OUR RATE PAYERS AT THE END OF THE DAY ON THEM, AND WE WANNA MAKE SURE THAT, UH, THEY'RE AVAILABLE TO OTHER PEERS HERE IN THE STATE OF TEXAS SO WE CAN, UH, YOU KNOW, WE DON'T HAVE TO SPEND A LOT OF TIME IN DEVELOPING THEM. 
          OF COURSE, THERE'S A LOT OF BENEFIT. 
          I MENTIONED THAT EARLIER. 
          BY HAVING STANDARDS THAT ARE COMMON, WE CAN HAVE A LOT OF OP, YOU KNOW, UH, YOU KNOW, SPARE SHARING AND, AND, AND, YOU KNOW, WE COULD LEAD TIME CUT DOWN AND THINGS LIKE THAT THAT WOULD BENEFIT FROM AS WELL. 
          SO PLEASE, UH, SEE ME OR ANYBODY FROM A EP IF YOU GUYS ARE INTERESTED IN, IN THOSE STANDARDS OR ACCESS TO THEM. 
          THANK YOU. 
          YES, SIR. 
          UM, THIS IS MAYBE A BETTER QUESTION FOR A EP, BUT ALSO, UM, FOR YOU THERE WAS A LOT OF DYNAMIC, AND I'M NOT INFORMED ON TRANSMISSION. 
          SO THIS, THIS COMES FROM A PLACE OF, I NEED TO ASK NO PROBLEM OF WHAT NEEDS TO BE STANDARDIZED VERSUS WHAT NEEDS TO BE CUSTOM. 
          BUT KNOWING THAT 7 65 EXISTS IN THE UNITED STATES, HOW MUCH REALLY NEEDS TO BE CUSTOMIZED? AND IS THAT REALLY ON THE TDSP OR IS THAT ON ERCOT AND SOME OF THOSE DELINEATIONS? BECAUSE THIS KIND OF SOUNDED LIKE A START FROM SCRATCH APPROACH, BUT WE'RE NOT REALLY STARTING FROM SCRATCH AS A TECHNOLOGY. 
          UH, NO, WE'RE NOT REALLY STARTING FROM SCRATCH. 
          UM, LIKE I SAID, UH, A EP AND THEM BACK IN THE DAY, THEY STARTED WITH THE, TO SEE THE NEED FOR IT, BUT THAT TO START REALLY FROM SCRATCH TO DEVELOP TEST STATIONS. 
          UM, AND THEY HELPED OTHER UTILITIES ALL OVER THE WORLD, REALLY. 
          AND IT'S ONLY FROM THAT, THAT THEY DEVELOPED THE TOOLS TO EVEN MODEL THIS. 
          UM, WE DON'T NEED TO GO THAT FAR TODAY. 
          UH, WE CAN GO BACK AND TEST THOSE THINGS AT THE TEST STATIONS AND THINGS THAT WERE ALREADY DONE, AND, UM, WE CAN MODEL ALL OF THOSE THINGS VERY ACCURATELY, BUT, UH, AND THEN GO AND TEST THEM EVEN. 
          WE DON'T HAVE TO TAKE THAT MUCH RISK. 
          UH, THAT BEING SAID, ALL OF THOSE LINES AND THE STANDARDS THAT THEY'RE OPERATING AT, UM, WERE DEVELOPED A LONG TIME AGO. 
          THERE IS BENEFIT IN USING THEM, BUT THEY'RE ALL, THERE IS ALSO ROOM FOR INNOVATION IN THIS. 
          UM, LIKE I SAID, THE USE OF, UH, LATTICE STEEL STRUCTURES CAN BE MAYBE RE-LOOKED. 
          IS THERE ROOM FOR CHANGING THAT TO OTHER STRUCTURED TYPES THAT USE MAYBE HOLLOW STRUCTURAL SECTIONS THAT ARE WELDED TOGETHER IN SECTIONS AND CAN BE ASSEMBLED QUICKER ON SITE? UM, USE OF POLYMER INSULATORS HAVE NOW BECOME COMMON PRACTICE, UH, AND THEY WILL BE EASILY, UM, MAINTAINED LIVE WOULD BE EASIER TO MAINTAIN THEM LIVE THAN ACTUAL GLASS DISCS. 
          UM, AND THERE'S ALSO 
          [02:35:01]
NOW NEWER CONDUCTED TYPES. 
          UM, WE'VE HEARD THIS MORNING ABOUT A CSR CONDUCTOR, LIKE A 7 95 TURN, WHICH IS, UH, PROBABLY ALMOST AN INDUSTRY STANDARD AS SEEN TODAY. 
          UM, BUT WE HAVE ALSO, UH, NOW SEEN THAT GOVERNMENT GRANTS ARE COMING OUT FOR THE USE OF, UM, MORE ADVANCED CONDUCTORS. 
          AND, UH, THERE'S DEFINITELY ROOM TO DO SOME WORK IN CONDUCTOR SELECTION OPTIMIZATION BY LOOKING AT THOSE CONDUCTORS AND TRYING TO SEE IF WE FIT MORE ALUMINUM INTO A BUNDLE, HOW THAT IMPACTS, UH, THE RESISTIVE LOAD, UH, AND HOW MUCH MONEY CAN THAT SAVE, REALLY OVER THE LIFESPAN OF THAT ASSET. 
          SO THERE IS DEFINITELY ROOM FOR INNOVATION. 
          UM, I WOULD NEVER RULE THAT OUT . 
          AND I THINK THOSE ARE, THOSE ARE EXCELLENT POINTS FROM AN AP PERSPECTIVE. 
          UM, AGAIN, YOU KNOW, THESE STANDARDS HAVE BEEN THERE FOR, YOU KNOW, ALMOST 60, 70 YEARS NOW ON OUR SYSTEM. 
          AND THE LATEST LINE WE BUILT WAS, UH, IN INDIANA PIONEER PROJECT. 
          THIS IS A PARTNERSHIP THAT A EP HAD WITH DUKE, AND THEN NIPSCO ALSO, YOU KNOW, OWNS, UH, HALF OF THAT LINE, OF COURSE, USING THE STANDARDS WE HAD DEVELOPED. 
          AND SO THAT'S RELEASED SIX OR SEVEN YEARS AGO. 
          AND AGAIN, THERE ARE, OF COURSE, WITH ANY TECHNOLOGY LIKE 3 45, 500 KV, TWO 30, THERE ARE STANDARDS THAT YOU DEVELOP OVER TIME. 
          YOU ALL OVER TIME. 
          AND, AND THAT'S WHERE WE ARE LIKE, HEY, WE HAVE THOSE STANDARDS. 
          WE'RE HAPPY TO SHARE THOSE STANDARDS AKIN TO THE POINT THAT BUNS AND MAC IS MAKING, YOU WANT TO PUT MORE SUGAR IN IT TO MAKE IT SWEETER, GREAT. 
          BUT OF COURSE THAT MEANS THAT YOU GOTTA, YOU GOTTA DO MORE TESTING. 
          WHEREAS IF THE GOAL IS SPEED TO MARKET QUICK DEPLOYMENT, WE'RE HAPPY TO SHOW OUR EXPERIENCES. 
          I'LL JUST GIVE YOU GUYS AN EXAMPLE OF THAT, RIGHT? SO FOR 7 65 KV, ONE THING THAT WE REALIZED LIKE 60, 70 YEARS AGO IS THE GROUND CURRENTS FOR THE DIFFERENT RELAYS, LIKE THE TRANSFORMER BANKS, IF THEY'RE SINGLE PHASE, YOU KNOW, THE GROUND CURRENT SINCE THE BANKS ARE FAR APART AND YOU'RE BRINGING THOSE CONTROL CABLES, THERE'LL BE SOME KIND OF LEAKAGE IN THERE, AND YOU'LL HAVE SOME MISMATCH BETWEEN THE GROUND CURRENTS, RIGHT? SO OUR STANDARD IS YOU BRING ALL THOSE NEUTRALS IN ONE PLACE FROM THE BANKS AND CONNECT THEM THAT SOLVES IT. 
          NOW, OF COURSE, IF YOU ARE DEVELOPING IT FROM SCRATCH, THAT'S GONNA TAKE TIME FOR YOU TO SEE THAT AND THEN FIX THAT, VERSUS SOMEBODY LIKE A EP WHO HAS DONE IT FOR 70 YEARS, SUCCESSFULLY OPERATED THAT. 
          AND WE'RE HAPPY TO SHARE OUR KNOWLEDGE WITH YOU GUYS, ESPECIALLY IF YOU'RE A TSP IN TEXAS. 
          UM, YOU KNOW, UM, WE'RE HAPPY TO SIT DOWN WITH YOU GUYS ON THAT. 
          AND AGAIN, TO, TO YOUR POINT, YES, YOU CAN ALWAYS ADD MORE TO IT, UH, BUT THERE NEEDS TO BE A REASON FOR IT, RIGHT? UH, IN, IN OUR VIEW, WHEN A 7 65 KV LINE GIVES YOU 8,000 MEGAWATT OF LOADING, I MEAN, IF WE'RE LOADING A LINE AT 8,000 MEGAWATT  AND YOU LOSE THAT LINE, THAT'S A BIG ISSUE, RIGHT? SO I'VE NEVER IN MY CAREER SEEN A 7 65 LINE GO ABOVE 4,500 MEGAWATTS. 
          SO I THINK THAT IS PROBABLY WHERE THE STABILITY LIMIT OF MOST SYSTEMS IS GONNA BE. 
          SO AGAIN, YOU COULD, YOU COULD DO A LOT MORE REFINEMENT THERE, BUT IS THERE REALLY, IS THAT REALLY A BENEFIT OR NOT? AND AGAIN, AT THE END OF THE DAY, ALL OF YOU ARE VERY, VERY, UH, YOU'RE EXPERTS IN YOUR FIELDS. 
          YOU HAVE DONE THIS FOR A LIVING, AND YOU MAY SEE THAT THERE IS A NEED WHERE WE WANT TO DO SOMETHING BETTER, BUT AT LEAST WHAT WE HAVE, WE DEFINITELY ARE VERY OPEN TO SHARING THAT WITH EVERYONE. 
          YEP, SURE. 
          IF THERE'S NOT ANOTHER QUESTION, MY FOLLOW ON IS THEN, IS THERE, DID YOU ALL CONSIDER IN THIS PROPOSAL, SORT OF MAYBE A BIFURCATION WHERE THE EXISTING STANDARDS ARE PUT INTO PLACE WITH THE IDEA THAT IMPROVEMENTS OR RESEARCH CAN BE DONE ALONG THE WAY? AND IF SO, DOES THAT REALLY ADVERSELY AFFECT ORDER TIMES, ESPECIALLY IF YOU STARTED SAY, TOMORROW ON IT VERSUS LIKE IN THE GROUND AND ACTIVE IN EIGHT TO 10 YEARS WHEN THESE THINGS WOULD ACTUALLY BE COMPLETED? AND THAT MAY BE TOO DEEP A QUESTION FOR THIS, THIS CONVERSATION. 
          I'M JUST THINKING, UH, I DON'T WANT TO GIVE AWAY TOO MANY SECRETS OF, UH, THE INNOVATIVE THINGS THAT WE'VE ALREADY BEEN ABLE TO SEE THAT WE CAN CHANGE, UM, FOR THE BETTER, UH, PERFORMANCE OF ALIGN. 
          UM, BUT, UH, SINCE ALL OF THOSE THINGS NEED TO BE KIND OF TESTED AGAIN WITHOUT HAVING TO REDEVELOP A TEST CENTER, UM, I DON'T SEE THEM AT ALL AFFECTING ADVERSELY THE TIME TO FULLY OPERATE AND, UH, COMMISSION LINE, UM, THESE ASSETS. 
          I THINK, UM, WITH THE FORESIGHT THAT ERCOT HAS PUT IN PLACE ONLY 2030 TO 2038, I MEAN, THAT'S STILL A LONG WAYS OUT. 
          UM, IF WE LOOK AT THE TIMES REQUIRED FOR, UH, SUBSTATION EQUIPMENT, ORDERING TIMES, BREAKER TIMES, ALL OF THOSE KIND OF THINGS, UH, THE DEVELOPMENT OF TRANSMISSION LINE STRUCTURES, UM, THE CONDUCTORS, 
          [02:40:01]
HARDWARE ASSEMBLIES, THOSE KIND OF THINGS, UH, SHOULD NOT GOVERN THE ACTUAL CRITICAL PATH OF THESE PROJECTS. 
          I DON'T SEE THAT AS REALLY A PROBLEM AS LONG AS PEOPLE ARE INFORMED AND START UP EARLY. 
          IF YOU WAIT, OBVIOUSLY UNTIL YOU'RE THREE MONTHS OUT, THAT COULD BE A PROBLEM. 
          . 
          THANK YOU. 
          SO A QUESTION FROM A RESILIENCY PERSPECTIVE, AND THIS COULD GO TO ANY OF THE OTHER VENDORS IN THE ROOM AS WELL. 
          ARE THERE THINGS, AS WE'RE PLANNING AND PREPARING, IF WE GET THE GREEN LIGHT TO GO THAT WE NEED TO TAKE INTO CONSIDERATION, UM, KNOWING THAT, YOU KNOW, WE'VE GOT A LOT OF COASTLINE THAT COULD BE IMPACTED BY HURRICANES, ARE THERE THINGS THAT WE NEED TO THINK OF AS WE PLAN AND CONSTRUCT? UM, FROM MY POINT OF VIEW, THERE IS, UM, BUT, UH, I, I HOPE THAT ANY GOOD TRANSMISSION LINE ENGINEER THAT WORK ON THIS  REALLY, UM, IS EXPERIENCED ENOUGH TO KNOW WHAT THEY'RE DEALING WITH. 
          UM, IF WE'RE LOOKING AT THESE KIND OF THINGS, UH, WE HAVE DISCUSSED, UH, WITH SOME VENDORS, UM, REALLY HOW DO WE BOUNCE BACK AFTER A STORM? UM, IF A 7, 6 5 KV LINE COMES DOWN, UH, I THINK ONE OF COMETS LINES CAME DOWN THE OTHER DAY JUST OUTSIDE OF CHICAGO. 
          IT'S LIKE, HOW DO YOU GET THAT UP AND RUNNING AGAIN VERY QUICKLY? UM, THAT LINE FELL ON TOP OF A HIGHWAY, I BELIEVE, , WHICH IS, UH, NOT A GREAT THING. 
          UH, MOST OF THE LATTICE STEEL VENDORS WOULD, UM, HAVE IN THEIR YARD A STOCKPILE OF, UM, MEMBERS, UH, EVEN COMPLETE STRUCTURES FABRICATED, UM, AND YOU COULD GET THAT FROM THEM DELIVERED VERY QUICKLY. 
          UH, IF WE LOOK AT THE USE OF GUIDE V STRUCTURES, THEY CAN BE PICKED UP, UH, EIGHT STRUCTURES IN A DAY. 
          IF WE HAVE TO, UM, FIX A VERY LONG LINE, WHICH HAS BEEN BLOWN OVER IN A HURRICANE, UM, THAT WOULD OBVIOUSLY THEN TAKE LESS TIME TO RESTORE. 
          UH, ONE OF THE BENEFITS OF 7 6 5 KV IS THAT THEY HAVE SO MANY CONDUCTORS IN A BUNDLE. 
          IF WE WERE TO SEE THAT THERE'S A BIG STORM AND AN OBJECT GETS, UH, PICKED UP AND FLOWN INTO THE BUNDLE, IT MIGHT DAMAGE, UH, QUITE A FEW OF THE CONDUCTORS. 
          YOU MIGHT HAVE THREE CONDUCTORS, FOUR CONDUCTORS BROKEN, BUT THE BUNDLE IS OVERALL STILL STAYING IN THE AIR, AND THEN YOU JUST NEED TO GO BACK AND REPLACE, UH, OR RESTORE SOME OF THOSE CONDUCTORS, WHICH MAKES IT THEN A LOT MORE RESILIENT ACTUALLY, THAN THE REST OF THE LINES THAT WE COMMONLY SEE. 
          THANK YOU. 
          SO ANYTHING ELSE FROM A DESIGN OR ENGINEERING PERSPECTIVE ABOVE A, WHAT WE'RE USED TO WITH 3 45 THAT WOULD BE DIFFERENT FOR 7 65? UM, I'D SAY, UH, A DETAILED LOOK AT, UM, JUST THE TOWER OPTIMIZATIONS. 
          UH, THOSE ARE THINGS THAT, UH, A EP CAN MAYBE HELP WITH AND THEY CAN SHARE WITH THAT. 
          UH, THEY HAVE DONE ENOUGH TEST FACILITIES WHERE THEY ORIGINALLY, UM, PUT TOGETHER STRUCTURES THEMSELVES, UH, AND BY THAT I MEAN BASICALLY ALMOST JUST THE TOWER WINDOW. 
          IT DOESN'T NEED TO BE A FULL LOADED STRUCTURE, AND YOU JUST ENERGIZE THAT UP TO 7, 6 5 KB LEVEL OR HIGHER. 
          UH, THEY DID THE SAME IN SOUTH AFRICA WHERE THEY BUILT STRUCTURES OUTDOORS, UM, AND ENERGIZE THEM AND TRY TO VERY VIGOROUSLY TEST UP TO 1,350 KV WHAT THE SURGE LEVELS ARE IN THAT STRUCTURE, AND IF THERE'S ANY EXPECTED FAULTS TO THE STRUCTURE THEMSELVES. 
          UM, THOSE KIND OF THINGS NEED A LITTLE BIT OF A MORE DETAILED LOOK AT, UH, OBVIOUSLY YOU DON'T WANT STRUCTURES TO BE UP IN THE AIR AFTER, AND, UH, THEN YOU HAVE TWO LITTLE CLEARANCE TO THE STRUCTURES THEMSELVES. 
          THE MOMENT WE SEE, UM, PROBABLY OSHA CLEARANCES DICTATE ABOUT 215 INCHES OF CLEARANCE TO THE STRUCTURE MEMBERS. 
          UM, AND THAT MIGHT BE THE GOVERNING FACTOR, BUT THAT'S, UH, REALLY BASED ON, YOU NEED TO HAVE SWITCHING STUDIES DONE BEFORE YOU COULD REALLY FINISH ALL OF THAT AND SEE WHICH CLEARANCES DICTATE THAT. 
          DOING SWITCHING STUDIES UP AS EARLY AS POSSIBLE, UM, THAT COULD REALLY HELP PEOPLE LOOK AT WHAT CLEARANCES AND THINGS ARE REQUIRED AND TO EDUCATE THE DESIGNER PROPERLY, UH, FOR THE STRUCTURE, THE LINE THEMSELVES, AND, UM, ALL OF THAT. 
          UH, SO THAT IS ONE OF THE KEY ASPECTS I WOULD SAY IS A LITTLE BIT DIFFERENT. 
          UM, THE MAJOR OTHER CONSIDERATION, AS I SAID, IS THAT WE NEED TO MAKE SURE THAT DESIGNERS, UM, AND UTILITIES UNDERSTAND THAT THEIR STANDARDS FOR SAGGING AND TENSIONING OF CONDUCTORS TO THE NAAC 2 61 CRITERIA, I BELIEVE, TO HAVE IT RUN AT A MAXIMUM OPERATING TEMPERATURE AND HAVE THOSE CLEARANCES, THAT'S NOT GONNA WORK FOR 7 65 
          [02:45:01]
KV. 
          WE NEED TO LOOK AT THAT A LITTLE BIT DIFFERENTLY, UH, CONTROL THE TENSIONS OF THE CONDUCTOR BECAUSE WE KNOW THAT THEY'RE NEVER GONNA BE LOADED THERMALLY TO THEIR MAXIMUM RATING. 
          AND, UH, WE WANT TO CONTROL THE ALIEN VIBRATION IN THEM AND PROLONG THE LIFE OF THAT ASSET AS MUCH AS POSSIBLE. 
          UM, SO THAT IS SOMETHING THAT, UH, YOU WANT OBVIOUSLY HARDWARE VENDORS WHO MANUFACTURE SPACEY DAMS TO LOOK AT IN DETAIL AND TO BE ABLE TO TEST THAT THEY HAVE ALSO NOW MUCH BETTER SOFTWARE AND THINGS THAT THEY DIDN'T HAVE IN THE PAST, UM, WHEN THE FIRST LINES WERE MADE, THEY DIDN'T HAVE ARMOR GRIP, SUSPENSION CLAMPS AND THINGS. 
          UH, SO ALL OF THAT HAS CHANGED A LOT. 
          AND I THINK THAT MAYBE ALSO A, A GOOD THING THAT WE CAN LOOK AT AND SAY, WE ARE STARTING FROM A POSITION WHERE WE HAVE TECHNOLOGY THAT WASN'T COMMON WHEN 7 6 5 KV STARTED, BUT WE USE THEM EVERY DAY NOW. 
          HOW DOES THAT IMPACT OUR DESIGNS? HOW DOES THAT REALLY ENABLE US TO TRUST THE RELIABILITY OF THE ASSET THAT WE'RE PUTTING IN THE FIELD? UM, SO IT, UH, WE MIGHT HAVE ENGINEERS THAT NOW JUST STARTED AND THEY THINK OF ALL OF THOSE COMPONENTS AS COMMON, UM, USE, AND THEY WEREN'T WHEN 7 65 KV WAS STILL DEVELOPED. 
          NOW HERE FOR APPLICATION IN TEXAS, THAT IS ALMOST GONNA BE THE STANDARD THAT WE START OFF WITH, WHICH IS A GREAT THING FROM A RELIABILITY POINT OF VIEW AND A RESILIENCE POINT OF VIEW. 
          UM, WE HAVE ALL OF THE PARTS FOR THAT. 
          ANYTHING FROM THE WEBEX? ALL RIGHT, THANK YOU. 
          WE'RE GONNA GO AHEAD NOW AND TRANSITION 
          [Equipment Manufacturer Presentation]
TO HITACHI. 
          YOU ONLY GOT ONE PRESENTATION RIGHT HERE? YEAH, WE NEEDED TO TRANSFER TO MY COLLEAGUE. 
          I SEE. 
          AND IS THERE A WAY TO PULL IT UP TO TRANSFER IT TO HIM? OKAY, GOOD. 
          GOOD AFTERNOON. 
          CAN YOU HEAR ME? WHAT, ONCE YOU'RE DONE, I NEED TO CALL THIS CHAT AND SELECT YOUR FRIEND. 
          YOU HEAR ME? SELECT THEM NOW. 
          I'LL, I'LL, I'LL DO THE INTRO AND THEN LET HIM. 
          OKAY. 
          I CANNOT SHARE RIGHT NOW PRESENTATION. 
          I NEED BOTH TO GIVE ME THE RIGHTS OR THAT IF YOU'RE ON THE WEBEX, YOU MAY CHECK TO MAKE SURE YOU'RE MUTED. 
          PLEASE. 
          CAN YOU HEAR ME? OH, ALL RIGHT. 
          SORRY ABOUT THAT, . 
          YES, WE CAN, WE'RE JUST PULLING UP THE PRESENTATION. 
          OKAY. 
          OKAY. 
          OKAY. 
          OKAY. 
          I SEE THE SLIDES RIGHT NOW. 
          OKAY. 
          HEY, SO, UM, GOOD AFTERNOON EVERYONE. 
          MY NAME IS JUSTIN DAY. 
          I AM WITH HITACHI ENERGY. 
          APPRECIATE THE, THE INVITE TO, TO COME DOWN AND, AND SPEAK AND BE A PART OF THIS, UH, THIS SESSION AND THIS WORKSHOP. 
          UH, AS YOU HEARD EARLIER, I'LL, I'LL BE SUPPORTED REMOTELY ONLINE BY TWO OF MY COLLEAGUES, URIC KIRCHE, AS WELL AS MIKE LANE. 
          AND WHAT WE'RE WANTING TO DO IS, IS KIND OF PROVIDE AN OVERVIEW OF, OF, FIRST OFF, WHO, WHO IS HITACHI ENERGY, OUR, OUR ROLE IN THE, IN THE 7 65 SPACE, AND SOME, SOME CONSIDERATIONS, BOTH TECHNICAL AS WELL AS AS SUPPLY CHAIN, UH, WHEN, WHEN CONSIDERING, YOU KNOW, SEVEN 60 K, 7 65 KV APPLICATIONS. 
          SO, UM, YOU KNOW, A A LITTLE BIT ABOUT HITACHI ENERGY IS, YOU KNOW, A FEW YEARS AGO, HITACHI, HITACHI PROPER ACQUIRED 
          [02:50:01]
A BB POWER GRIDS. 
          SO AS PART OF THAT, THAT TRANSITION, WE TRANSITIONED AWAY FROM A, B, B POWER GRIDS, AND THEN NOW IT IS NOW, YOU KNOW, CALLED HITACHI ENERGY. 
          SO AS, AS PART OF THAT, A LOT OF THE SAME IF YOU'VE SEEN A BB POWER GRIDS IN THE SPACE BEFORE, IT'S A LOT OF THE, THE SAME PEOPLE. 
          WE HAVE THAT SAME, THE, THE SAME HEADQUARTERS OVER IN, IN ZURICH IN SWITZERLAND. 
          SO GLOBALLY, THERE'S AROUND 45,000 EMPLOYEES THAT'S SPREAD OUT ACROSS APPROXIMATELY 90 COUNTRIES, 200 OFFICES, UH, YOU KNOW, A VERY LARGE GLOBAL FOOTPRINT. 
          AND I MEAN, AND THAT INCLUDES, YOU KNOW, FACTORY PERSONNEL THAT INCLUDES, UH, FIELD SERVICE PERSONNEL, THAT INCLUDES R AND D, THAT, THAT, THAT IS A, A TRUE, YOU KNOW, KIND OF GLOBAL FOOTPRINT OF WHO HITACHI ENERGY IS. 
          AND WITH HITACHI ENERGY, WE'RE DIVIDED UP INTO, INTO FOUR BUSINESS UNITS. 
          THE FIRST ONE IS WHAT WE CALL THE GRID AUTOMATION BUSINESS UNIT. 
          THAT IS GOING TO BE THE, UH, THINGS LIKE MICRO GRIDS, SOFTWARE, PROTECTIVE RELAYS, COMMUNICATION DEVICES, THINGS LIKE THAT. 
          THE SECOND, THE SECOND BUSINESS UNIT IS WHAT WE CALL OUR GRID INTEGRATION GROUP. 
          OUR GRID INTEGRATION GROUP IS THEY CONSIST OF, YOU KNOW, HVDC, FAX, THE, THE LARGE SCALE SYSTEMS LIKE THAT. 
          UH, I THINK EVEN ON THE WEBSITE IT SAYS THEY HAVE, YOU KNOW, APPROXIMATELY 15,000 OF THEIR, OF THEIR HIGH, HIGH SYSTEMS, UH, OPERATING IN 50 COUNTRIES GLOBALLY. 
          SO, ONCE AGAIN, A, A BIG GLOBAL REACH ON ON THEM. 
          THE THIRD IS WHAT WE CALL OUR HIGH VOLTAGE GROUP. 
          SO THE HIGH VOLTAGE GROUP IS GONNA CONSIST OF WHAT WE CALL THE, UH, GRID COMPONENTS. 
          SO THAT'S GONNA BE THINGS LIKE SURGE, ARRESTERS, INSTRUMENT, TRANSFORMERS, YOU KNOW, CTS, PTS, THINGS LIKE THAT. 
          THERE'S ALSO GONNA BE A POWER QUALITY GROUP IN REGARDS TO, TO CAPACITORS. 
          AND THEN THERE'S ALSO GONNA BE, UM, SOMETHING, UH, WITH, WITH THE BREAKERS, WHICH IS MIKE LANE, WHO'S ONE OF MY COLLEAGUES. 
          HE WILL, HE WILL BE SPEAKING ABOUT THAT BOTH THE DEAD TANK BREAKERS AND THE, THE LIVE TANK BREAKERS ARE PART OF HIGH VOLTAGE. 
          AND THEN, UH, THE, THE FOURTH BU BUSINESS UNIT, AS WE CALL IT, IS THE TRANSFORMER GROUP. 
          WITH THE TRANSFORMER GROUP THAT IS EVERYTHING FROM, FROM DISTRIBUTION ALL THE WAY UP TO WHAT I BELIEVE IS CONSIDERED ULTRA HIGH VOLTAGE. 
          SO THAT'S 1200 KV. 
          SO THAT GOES A LITTLE BIT ABOVE AND BEYOND THE 7 65, BUT THAT FULL, UH, SCOPE AND, AND PORTFOLIO IS, IS UNDERNEATH, UH, THE, THE TRANSFORMERS GROUP. 
          THEY HAVE ONE OF THE, THE LARGEST INSTALLED BASES GLOBALLY AS WELL AS, YOU KNOW, THE, THE PRODUCT, UH, APPLICATIONS AND, AND PORTFOLIOS TO, TO SUPPORT THAT. 
          SO, UM, AND WITH THAT, WE'LL TURN THIS OVER TO, TO URICH AND LET HIM GO. 
          UH, GOOD AFTERNOON, EVERYONE. 
          UH, AND LET'S SEE. 
          SO I WILL START WITH A SHORT INTRODUCTION. 
          MY NAME IS AK, AND I'VE BEEN WITH THE COMPANY FOR 26 YEARS, AND PRETTY MUCH ALL THE TIME DOING THE DESIGN, UH, OF POWER TRANSFORMERS OR WORKING AS AN ENGINEERING MANAGER. 
          CURRENTLY, I AM RESPONSIBLE FOR APPLICATION ENGINEERING TEAM FOR TRANSFORMERS AND THE COMPONENTS. 
          SO, UH, AS, UH, JUSTIN, JUSTIN JUST, UH, DESCRIBED OUR COMPANY, AND I WILL GO QUICKLY TO, UH, POWER TRANSFORMERS. 
          I WILL TALK ABOUT POWER TRANSFORMERS AND REACTORS, AND, UH, CHALLENGES FOR 7 65 KV EQUIPMENT FROM, FROM OUR POINT OF VIEW. 
          SO WE SUPPLIED, UH, POWER TRANSFORMERS AND REACTORS TO NORTH AMERICAN MARKET USING OUR LOCAL FACILITIES, UH, IN CANADA AND, AND THE US ALSO, WE UTILIZE OUR FACTORIES IN EUROPE MOSTLY, AND, UH, SOUTH AMERICA. 
          SO THOSE, THOSE ARE THE LOCATIONS WHICH WE USE TO SUPPLY THE PRODUCTS, HIGH VOLTAGE TRANSFORMERS AND, AND REACTORS FOR NORTH AMERICA MARKET. 
          AND, UH, LOCALLY, WE ARE, UH, IN NORTH AMERICA, WE ARE PRESENT IN CANADA. 
          WE HAVE A LARGE POWER FACTORY WHERE WE MAKE, UH, 7 65 EQUIPMENT. 
          UH, WE HAVE POWER TRANSFORMER FACTORY IN SOUTH BOSTON, VIRGINIA, CRYSTAL SPRINGS, MISSISSIPPI, AND ALAMO, TENNESSEE IS THE FACTORY WHERE WE PRODUCE THE COMPONENTS LIKE TOP CHANGERS AND, AND BUSHINGS. 
          SO, UH, THIS, UH, THIS SITUA LIKE I'VE BEEN WITH THE COMPANY 26 YEARS, AND LAST TWO, THREE YEARS IS COMPLETELY DIFFERENT. 
          LIKE, UH, WITH, UH, WITH COMPLETELY DIFFERENT EV FROM EVERYTHING I'VE SEEN BEFORE. 
          LIKE, UH, UH, WITH SUCH A, UH, LARGE INVESTMENTS IN THE RENEWABLE 
          [02:55:01]
SECTOR, DATA CENTERS, ELECTRIC ELECTRIFICATION IN, IN, IN ALL THE INVESTMENTS IN THE GRID, WE SEE VERY HUGE DEMAND ON THE MARKET. 
          AND AS A SUPPLIER OF THE EQUIPMENT, UH, WE AS A HITACHI ENERGY, UH, MAKING ADDITIONAL, ARE MAKING ADDITIONAL INVESTMENTS TO SUPPORT THE DEMAND, TO SUPPORT THE CUSTOMERS, TO, UH, HELP THEM WITH THE DEMAND FOR THE TRANSFORMERS AND REACTORS. 
          SO HERE WE HAVE, UH, LARGE INVESTMENTS IN THE FAST FACTORIES, ALL THE FACTORIES, POWER TRANSFORMERS, FACTORIES, AND ALSO WE HAVE LARGE INVESTMENT IN OUR, UH, R AND D, HIGH, HIGH VOLTAGE DC PROJECT, AND ALL THE HIGH VOLTAGE PRODUCTS. 
          SO OVERALL, THIS WILL CREATE MANY NEW JOBS AND WILL SUPPORT THE CUSTOMERS WITH THE, WITH THE DEMAND, CURRENT DEMAND ON THE, ON THE MARKET. 
          GOING, UH, TO OUR EXPERIENCE WITH 7 65 KV, WE STARTED THIS JOURNEY, UH, OVER 50 YEARS AGO WITH WESTINGHOUSE IN CIE AND RCI IN LUCA. 
          AND UP TO NOW WE MADE, UH, OVER 500 TRANSFORMERS, UH, WITH THIS RATING, UH, WITH THIS RATING FOR HIGH VOLTAGE BETWEEN 7 35 AND 7 65 KV. 
          UH, WITH THAT, WE ARE UTILIZING, UH, ONE TECHNOLOGY FOR THE, FOR THE FACTORIES, WHICH IS CALLED TRA STAR AND HITACHI. 
          UH, WE BUILD THOSE TRANSFORMERS IN SELECT, UH, TRANSFORMER FACTORIES, UH, ACROSS THE GLOBE. 
          UM, AND THE TECHNOLOGY WHICH WAS DEVELOPED, UH, ITS OUR OWN TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPED IN OUR R AND D GROUPS, OUR, OUR R AND D, UH, CENTERS. 
          AND, UH, AS A ONE EXAMPLE, I CAN SAY THAT, UH, THE FACTORY IN CANADA, UH, BUILT OVER A HUNDRED UNITS RATED FOR THE HIGH VOLTAGE 7 35 OR 7 65, UH, KV. 
          UH, THE, THE REACTORS, UH, UH, SHUNT REACTORS WE STARTED TO, UH, PRODUCE, UH, IN SOMETIMES IN SIXTIES. 
          WE DELIVERED ALSO LARGE NUMBER OF THOSE REACTORS WORLDWIDE. 
          AND, UH, THE SAME AS WITH POWER TRANSFORMERS, WE WILL UTILIZE, UH, COMMON DESIGN PLATFORM AND THAT THE TRANS, THE SHUNT REACTORS ARE, UM, GAP CORE, UH, CONCEPT. 
          UH, AND, UH, RIGHT NOW, BASED ON OUR EXPERIENCE, WE DELIVERED ABOUT, UH, 200 REACTORS WORLDWIDE WITH THE VOLTAGE BETWEEN 7 35 AND, AND 800 KV. 
          SO LOOKING AT MY, LIKE, UH, LOOKING AT THE, UH, CHALLENGES AND THINGS WE NEED TO CONSIDER IN, UM, THE DESIGN FOR 7 65 KV EQUIPMENT, I, FROM MANUFACTURING PERSPECTIVE AND FROM THE DESIGN ENGINEER PERSPECTIVE, I DE DECIDED TO SPLIT THOSE CHALLENGES OR THINGS WHICH WE NEED TO CONSIDER, UH, CAREFULLY IN THREE GROUPS. 
          FIRST GROUP, FIRST CATEGORY IS, UH, SPECIFICATION REQUIREMENT. 
          UM, SECOND CATEGORY IS THE DESIGN AND TECHNOLOGY, AND, UH, THE THIRD IS MANUFACTURING TESTING AND THE INSTALLATION ON OF THE PRODUCT. 
          SO GOING TO THE FIRST CATEGORY, UM, IT'S REALLY IMPORTANT TO, TO UNDERSTAND WHAT KIND OF EQUIPMENT WE WANT TO, UM, DESIGN OR WE WANT TO GET, LIKE, UH, WHAT WILL BE THE MAXIMUM RATED CAPACITY OF THE, OF THE UNITS. 
          LIKE, ARE WE GONNA GO WITH THE LARGEST, THE HEAVIEST, THE THE HIGHEST MVA WE CAN PRODUCE, UH, WHICH IS VERY CLOSE TO MANUFACTURING LIMITS, SHIPPING LIMITS, LIMITATIONS, LIFTING LIMITATIONS, OR WE WILL GO WITH DIFFERENT STRATEGY. 
          WE WILL TRY TO REDUCE THE SIZE TO, UH, HAVE A, THE, THE, THE UNITS MORE FRIENDLY, EASIER FOR MANUFAC FROM MANUFACTURING POINT OF VIEW, INSTALLATION, LIFTING AND SHIPPING, UH, UH, SHIPPING POINT OF VIEW. 
          THAT'S THE, THE, THE 
          [03:00:01]
REALLY BASIC QUESTION. 
          DO WE WANT TO GO WITH VERY LARGE MVA OR SLIGHTLY REDUCE AND HAVE A BETTER UNIT FOR, EASIER FOR FROM MANUFACTURING POINT OF VIEW? THEN ALSO SINGLE OR THREE PHASE. 
          MOST OF THE, WHAT I'VE SEEN, UH, MOST OF THE LARGE UNITS, HIGH VOLTAGE UNITS ARE DESIGNED AS A SINGLE PHASE. 
          THIS HELPS ALSO WITH THE FLEET OF THE, OF THE SPARE UNITS. 
          UM, ALSO VERY IMPORTANT FOR THE SIZE OF THE AUTO TRANSFORMER IN THE TRANSMISSION SYSTEM IS VOLTAGE RATIO. 
          THE, THE, THE SAME MVA, BUT DIFFERENT VOLTAGE RATIO WILL AFFECT THE, THE SIZE LIKE 7 65 TO 500 WILL BE DIFFERENT THAN 7 65 TO 345. 
          SO THOSE ASPECTS WILL, WILL, UH, DRIVE THE, THE SIZE OF THE TRANSFORMER. 
          ALSO, SERVICE CONDITIONS, WE HAVE TO UNDERSTAND CLEARLY THE IMPACT OF THE SERVICE CONDITIONS, LIKE, UH, MAXIMUM TEMPERATURE, DO WE HAVE TO CHANGE THE MAXIMUM AND MINIMUM TEMPERATURE, UM, SEISMIC REQUIREMENTS, POLLUTION AND STUFF LIKE THAT. 
          SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS FOR SHORT CIRCUIT AND INSULATION LEVEL. 
          WHAT WILL BE THE REQUIRED IMPEDANCE OF THE TRANSFORMER BE, WHAT WILL BE THE, THE IMPEDANCE OF THE TRANSFORMER IN THE SYSTEM? WHAT KIND OF SHORT CIRCUIT GVA FOR THE SHORT CIRCUIT CALCULATION, WE NEED TO CONSIDER WHAT WILL BE THE PRE-FOLD FOR THE, FOR THE SHORT CIRCUIT EVALUATION OF THE TRANSFORMER. 
          AND FROM OTHER SIDE, WHAT KIND OF INSULATION LEVELS, UH, FOR THE, FOR THE TRANSFORMER WE NEED TO CONSIDER, UH, IN THE, IN THE DESIGN. 
          ALSO, SOME OF THE TRANSFORMERS, UH, AUTO TRANSFORMER MAINLY MAY OR MAY NOT HAVE A REQUIREMENT FOR THE TERTIARY AND TERTIARY WINDING ALSO CAN BE AFFECTED BY THE SHORT CIRCUIT IN NEGATIVE WAY. 
          SO THIS MAY NEED, UH, CREATE THE NEED TO PUT THE INTERNAL, UH, REACTOR TO REDUCE THE SHORT CIRCUIT CURRENTS. 
          ALSO, WITH THE TESTING LIMITATIONS, WE HAVE TO LOOK AT THE TESTING LIMITATIONS. 
          WHAT IS THE HIGHEST, UH, VOLTAGE SOURCE WE CAN APPLY TO THE TRANSFORMER. 
          MAYBE TERTIARIES ALSO NEEDED, UH, FROM THE TESTING POINT OF VIEW, BECAUSE YOU MAY NOT HAVE A, A VOLTAGE SOURCE, UH, TO SUPPLY SUFFICIENT VOLTAGE SOURCE TO SUPPLY TO THE LOW VOLTAGE DIRECTLY TO THE LOW VOLTAGE SIDE OF THE AUTO TRANSFORMER. 
          ANOTHER ASPECT WHICH WILL AFFECT THE SIZE OF THE ACTIVE PART SIZE OF THE COOLING SYSTEM, TYPE OF THE COOLING SYSTEM. 
          AND, UH, AS A CONSEQUENCE, THIS MAY AFFECT THE, UH, MAINTENANCE REQUIREMENTS. 
          IS THE TYPE OF THE LIKE, UH, UM, OVERLOAD. 
          AND DO WE NEED OVERLOAD REQUIREMENT? WHAT KIND OF OVERLOAD IS IT GONNA BE? SUMMER LOAD PROFILE, WINTER LOAD PROFILE, OR, UH, SOMETHING IN BETWEEN. 
          AND THIS WILL, UH, DRIVE THE, THE SIZE OF THE COOLING SYSTEM OR EVEN TYPE OF COOLING SYSTEM. 
          UM, UH, VERY IMPORTANT FOR SUCH A LARGE TRANSFORMER, UH, OR TRANSFORMER, WHICH IS, UH, CONNECTED TO 7 65. 
          UH, THE 7 65 KV GRID IS THE RESILIENCY, LIKE, UH, PHYSICAL SECURITY, CYBERSECURITY. 
          WHAT DO WE WANNA DO ABOUT THAT? LIKE, UH, HOW WE WANNA ADDRESS THE REQUIREMENTS FOR, FOR SECURITY OF THE TRANSFORMER ALSO GIC CAPABILITY BASED ON THE FAIR REGULATIONS, WE HAVE TO MAKE SURE THAT THIS TYPE OF UNIT WILL HAVE A GOOD GIC CAPABILITY. 
          UM, ALSO THE, IN, IN A CASE OF, UM, INTERNAL ARCING, HOW WE WANNA PROTECT THIS TRANSFORMER FROM, UM, INTERNAL ARCING TO MAKE SURE THAT TRANSFORMER, OVERALL, THE TRANSFORMER WILL NOT RUPTURE THE TANK, WILL NOT RUPTURE, AND, UH, WILL NOT CAUSE OIL. 
          WE WON'T HAVE OIL SPILL OR EVEN WORSE, UH, THING, WHICH IS, WHICH IS FIRE. 
          SO THE, THOSE ARE THE THINGS WHICH ARE UNDER SPECIFICATION REQUIREMENTS. 
          THE, THE SECOND CATEGORY, UH, IS THE DESIGN AND TECHNOLOGY. 
          WE, 
          [03:05:01]
UH, LET'S SAY THERE ARE VERY LIMITED NUMBER OF SUPPLIERS, UH, FOR 7 65 KV, UH, EQUIPMENT, 7 65 TRANSFORMERS AND, AND REACTORS. 
          SO WHAT IS THE EXPERIENCE? WHAT DO WE KNOW ABOUT THE EXISTING TECHNOLOGY? HOW WE CAN, UH, UTILIZE THE EXISTING TECHNOLOGY OR EXPERIENCE IN, IN THE NEW PROJECT TO, TO REDUCE THE RISK? BECAUSE AT THIS, AT THIS VOLTAGE LEVEL, THIS SIZE OF THE TRANSFORMER, PRETTY MUCH EVERY, EVERY TRANSFORMER, IT'S LIKE A PROTOTYPE, UH, VERY UNIQUE DESIGN. 
          SO, UH, HAVING GOOD EXPERIENCE, HAVING, UM, GOOD EXISTING TECHNOLOGY, IT'S, IT'S VERY IMPORTANT. 
          ALSO, WHEN WE TALK ABOUT THE REACTORS, DO WE WANT TO CONSIDER A FIXED REACTOR OR VARIABLE FLUX, UH, VARIABLE, UH, SHUNT REACTOR. 
          THIS IS SOMETHING WHICH WILL AFFECT, UH, THE, THE DESIGN AND WILL, UM, ALSO COMPLETELY CHANGED THE DESIGN OF THE REACTOR AVAILABLE COMPONENTS. 
          WE ESPECIALLY LIKE TOP CHANGER BUSHINGS. 
          UH, WE MAY HAVE VERY LIMITED NUMBER OF SUPPLIERS OF THOSE COMPONENTS. 
          IF WE HAVE, THAT'S, UH, THE MOST CRITICAL COULD BE THE, THE TAP CHANGER. 
          DO WE NEED TAP CHANGER OR WE WANT TO REDUCE THE COMPLEXITY BY REMOVING THE TAP CHANGER. 
          AND, UH, AND THIS WILL, BY REMOVING COMPLEXITY, WE MAY ALSO INCREASE THE RELIABILITY OF THE TRANSFORMER. 
          SELECTION OF THE BUSHING, UH, IS, IS ALSO VERY IMPORTANT, WHICH MAY, UH, AFFECT THE MAINTENANCE PERIODICAL TESTING, AND ALSO SAFETY. 
          SO DO WE WANT TO CONSIDER DRY BUSHING OR, OR OIL FIELD BUSHING, UM, CONNECTION AND LEAD EXIT LIST, ESPECIALLY 7, 7 65 KV UH, CONNECTION IS VERY CRITICAL FOR THE, FOR THE TRANSFORMER TO OPERATE TO MAKE SURE THAT WE DON'T DEVELOP ANY PARTICLE DISCHARGE, UH, IN THAT AREA. 
          SO THE, THE DESIGN OF THE LEAD EXIT IS A CHALLENGE BY ITSELF. 
          UM, ANOTHER THING WHICH WE CAN CON, WHICH WE NEED TO CONSIDER IN THE DESIGN IS LIKE HOW WE WANT TO MONITOR THIS TRANSFORMER, WHAT KIND OF MONITORING WE WANT TO PUT ON IT. 
          LIKE, DO WE WANT TO JUST KEEP, UH, UM, UH, DGA MONITORING WITH ALL GASES PLUS MOISTURE, OR DO WE WANT TO GO WITH VERY ADVANCED MONITORING AND MONITORING AS MANY PARAMETERS OF THE TRANSFORMERS IN THE OPERATION AS WE CAN, LIKE BETWEEN THE BUSHINGS MONITORING SYSTEM, FIBER MONITORING SYSTEM, AND ALSO, UH, PD MONITORING SYSTEM ON TOP OF THE DGA MONITORING SYSTEM. 
          FROM DESIGN POINT OF VIEW, WE HAVE TO CONSIDER THE SIZE AND WEIGHT LIMITATION AND SIZE. 
          I'M TALKING ALSO ABOUT THE SIZE OF, UH, OF THE CORE. 
          STILL, LIKE THE MAXIMUM WAVE OF THE CORE. 
          STILL WE CAN EASILY REACH, DEPENDS ON THE IMPEDANCE OF THE TRANSFORMER. 
          WE CAN EASILY REACH THE, THE MAXIMUM WAVE OF THE AVAILABLE WAVE CORE SHEETS, UH, WHICH IS PRODUCED ON THE MARKET. 
          SO THIS IS SOMETHING WHICH WILL DRIVE THE, THE, THE DESIGN AND THE DESIGN SOLUTION, THE SELECT AND SELECTION OF THE CORE. 
          AND ALSO IT'S, WE CAN, WE CAN DO THE DESIGN, BUT WE HAVE TO MAKE SURE THAT TRANSFORMER WILL, UH, BE SHIPPED PROPERLY TO THE SITE AND WILL NOT GET THE DAMAGE ON THE SITE. 
          SO WE HAVE TO KNOW THE SHIPPING LIMITATIONS. 
          AND AT THIS POINT, PROBABLY THE, IT'S CRITICAL TO DO THE SURVEY BEFORE THE TRANSFORMER IS REALLY BEFORE WE START THE DESIGN OF THE TRANSFORMER, OR EVEN BEFORE THAT, UH, BEFORE THE EVEN RFQ IS RELEASED. 
          UH, MANUFACTURING OF THE, OF THE END TESTING OF THE, AND THE INSTALLATION OF THIS TRANSFORMER. 
          SO FACTORIES WITH, UH, WITH CURRENT SITUATION, UH, FACTORIES ARE HEAVY LOADED AND, UH, IT'S IMPORTANT TO MAKE SURE THAT, UH, SUPPLY, UH, UM, UH, SUPPLIER OF THE TRANSFORMER KNOWS EXACTLY EXPECTED DELIVERY FOR THIS, UH, FOR THIS TYPE OF PRODUCT. 
          AND, 
          [03:10:01]
UH, IT IS, IT IS IMPORTANT TO HIGHLIGHT THAT MOST OF THE TIME, SIMILAR FACTORIES WORK ON THE SAME PROJECT, LIKE ON, ON PROJECTS LIKE HV DISEASE OR, UH, OR, UH, PHASE SHIFTING PROJECTS, WHICH ARE VERY COMPLEX AND TAKE, UH, MANY PRODUCTION, UH, A LOT OF PRODUCTION CAPABILITIES. 
          SO SOMETIMES THE, THE, THE 7 65 KV MAY COMPETE WITH THE PRODUCTION SLOT FOR THE HVDC PROJECT OR, OR, UM, UH, PHASE SHIFT THERE. 
          UH, SO ALSO IT'S IMPORTANT TO LOOK AT THE, UH, FACTORY BACKUP. 
          WHAT, WHAT, WHAT'S GONNA HAPPEN WITH THE PROJECT IF FOR SOME REASON FACTORY IS AFFECTED BY, UM, NATURAL EVENT OR SOMETHING ELSE, SOMETHING HAPPENED TO THE FACTORY THERE IN THE INDUSTRY. 
          WE HAD A, A SITUATION WHERE THERE WAS A FIR IN THE FACTORY. 
          SO EVERY, THE PRODUCTION WAS DELAYED. 
          DO WE HAVE A BACKUP FACTORY FOR THIS TYPE OF PROJECT? AND IT'S IMPORTANT TO, FROM THE VERY BEGINNING, TO UNDERSTAND THE TEST REQUIREMENTS AND TEST CAPABILITIES OF THE, OF THE FACTORY. 
          CAN WE TEST PROPERLY THE TRANSFORMER WHICH WILL BE BUILT IN THE FACTORY? DO WE HAVE TO PERFORM ANY ADDITIONAL TESTS WHICH ARE NOT, UM, REQUIRED BY THE I TRIPLE E OR SPECIFIED AS A SPECIAL TESTS, UH, ON THOSE TRANSFORMERS, BECAUSE THOSE ARE, THOSE ARE VERY CRITICAL TRANSFORMERS FOR THE GRID. 
          SO MAYBE THE TESTING, UH, OF THE TRANSFORMER HAS TO BE EXTENDED. 
          AND WE HAVE TO MAKE SURE THAT TEST, UH, TEST LAB IN THE FACTORY IS CAPABLE TO PROVIDE PROPER TESTING. 
          AND AS I SAID BEFORE, SHIPPING IS VERY CRITICAL BECAUSE, UH, WE WILL RUN AGAINST THE MAXIMUM SHIPPING LIMITATIONS FOR THE HEIGHT FOR THE WAVE, AND MAYBE EVEN FOR THE, FOR THE WEIGHT OF THE TRANSFORMER. 
          AND THEN FROM THE INSTALLATION POINT OF VIEW, WE HAVE TO MAKE SURE THAT THE INSTALLATION ON SITE IS PROPERLY DONE, UNIT IS PROPERLY PROCESSED, CONNECTION TO THE BUSHING IS, UH, PROPERLY DONE. 
          AND AFTER THAT LOCAL SUPPORT AND EXPERTISE, UH, DURING THE SE WHEN THE TRANSFORMER IS IN SERVICE, IT'S ALSO VERY, VERY IMPORTANT. 
          AND JUST WANT TO HIGHLIGHT THOSE FEW THINGS ONE MORE TIME. 
          THAT, UH, TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS FOR NEW 65 KV EQUIPMENT IS, IS VERY CRITICAL. 
          PROPER REQUIREMENTS FOR, FOR, UH, PHYSICAL LIMITATIONS AND MANUFACTURING OF THE TRANSFORMERS AND TRANSFORMER COMPONENTS IS CRITICAL. 
          AND THERE ARE VERY FEW SUPPLIERS OF THE TRANSFORMERS AND REACTORS WITH PROVEN TECHNOLOGY. 
          AND AT THE SAME TIME, THOSE, UH, SUPPLIERS CAN BE LOADED WITH HVDC PROJECT SHUNT REACTORS. 
          SO IT'S IMPORTANT FOR THIS TYPE OF PROJECT TO HAVE THE, UH, PARTNERSHIP WITH THE, WITH THE SUPPLIER, WITH THE MANUFACTURER. 
          AND ALSO, UH, PARTICIPATION OF THE USER OF THE EQUIPMENT IN THE SPECIFICATION PART OR IN THE DESIGN PART PART IS VERY IMPORTANT TO MAKE SURE THAT THE, THE REQUIREMENTS AND THE EXPECTATION WILL BE PROPERLY TRANSFERRED TO THE DESIGN TEAM. 
          AND IT'S, AS I SAID, UH, 7 65 KV UNITS ARE ALWAYS LIKE A PROTOTYPE UNITS. 
          AND, UH, IT'S RECOMMENDED. 
          IT, IT IS REALLY GOOD TO HAVE THE FIRST UNIT DESIGN IT AND BUILD WELL IN ADVANCE BEFORE THE OTHER UNITS WILL BE BUILT, PROBABLY LIKE A YEAR OR TWO. 
          SO THIS WILL GIVE THE SUPPLIER TIME FOR, UH, SOME KIND OF, UM, HOW TO SAY, TROUBLESHOOTING IF THERE IS SOMETHING OR THINGS WHICH WE CAN IMPROVE BASED ON EVERYTHING WE HAVE LEARNED FROM THE, FROM THE PROTOTYPE UNIT. 
          [03:15:02]
AND YEAH. 
          AND BEFORE WE SWITCH GEARS, 'CAUSE WE'LL, WE'LL SWITCH GEARS TO, TO, TO BREAKERS, BUT I MEAN, I MEAN, YOU GAVE Y'ALL A BUNCH OF DETAILS IN TERMS OF SPEC MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY AND ANY, ANY QUESTIONS OR ANYTHING LIKE THAT? YEAH, I, I DO, I DO HAVE ONE QUESTION. 
          JUST, UH, A P HERE AGAIN. 
          UM, SO I UNDERSTAND THAT WHEN WE ARE DESIGNING SOMETHING BRAND NEW, A PROTOTYPE, YOU KNOW, THERE IS A LOT OF TESTING, STANDARDIZATION, ALL THE THINGS WE'VE TALKED ABOUT, BUT WHAT YOU, IN YOUR VIEW, IS THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN A NEW PROTOTYPE AND PRODUCING THAT, WHAT THAT SAY AP WANTS TO COME TO YOU AND SAY, HEY, LOOK, YOU ALREADY ARE PRODUCING TRANSFORMERS FOR US INSTEAD OF FIVE, PRODUCE 10. 
          WHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE IN YOUR VIEW, UH, HITACHI'S SPEED TO MARKET ON THAT? YOU WANNA TAKE THIS ONE ERICK, OR YOU WANT ME TO, YOU CAN START AND I WILL FINISH. 
          SURE. 
          SO I MEAN, IN TERMS OF, OF REPEAT DESIGNS, RIGHT? IT'S WHAT, WHAT ERICK'S TALKING ABOUT. 
          HE WAS TALKING ABOUT THAT, THAT PRODUCTION, THAT THAT FIRST UNIT IS GONNA TAKE A LITTLE BIT MORE TIME JUST BECAUSE, I MEAN, EVEN IF YOU'RE GOING FROM THE SAME SPECS FROM LIKE A TWO 50 MVA TO A 500 OR SOMETHING LIKE THAT, IT'S GONNA TAKE TIME. 
          BUT THAT, THAT FIRST ONE'S GONNA TAKE A LITTLE LONGER SECOND ONE, A LITTLE LESS THIRD ONE AFTER THAT, AND IT'S GONNA KEEP GOING DOWN AND DOWN AND DOWN AND FURTHER LIKE THAT. 
          SO, YEAH. 
          AND I THINK, I THINK WHAT YOU'RE GETTING AT IS TWO 50 TO 500, I GUESS WHAT MY QUESTION IS, TWO 50 TO TWO 50 TO TWO 50 TO TWO 50, YEAH. 
          WHAT DOES THAT, WHAT DOES THAT TAKE TIMEWISE IN TERMS OF LEAD TIME OR YOUR CHANGING DESIGNS? YEAH, LEAD TIME, NO, NO CHANGE IN DESIGN. 
          I, I DON'T KNOW IF I CAN, I CAN'T TALK LEAD TIME. 
          OKAY. 
          LIKE, LIKE THE GENTLEMAN FROM KO SAID, I'LL TALK LEAD TIME WITH MY COMPETITORS RUNNING AROUND. 
          SO FAIR POINT. 
          I HAD A QUESTION ABOUT THE PORTFOLIO OF FACTORIES. 
          SO VAIN WAS HIGHLIGHTED AS THE NORTH AMERICAN, UH, FACTORY CAPABLE OF 7 65. 
          BUT AS FAR AS THE REST OF THE GLOBAL NETWORK, CAN Y'ALL POINT OUT WHICH ONES ARE ABLE TO ACHIEVE 7 65 AND WHICH ONES AREN'T? IS THAT AVAILABLE INFORMATION? UH, YEAH, IT, IT'S OUT THERE ON THE, THE WEBSITE. 
          Y CAN YOU GO BACK TO THE, UH, TO THE GLOBAL FOOTPRINT SO WE CAN SHOW 'EM, YOU KNOW, LUKA AND ALL THE OTHER ONES THAT SUPPORT 7 65, SO THAT, OH, OOPS. 
          ONE MORE. 
          YEAH, SO AS YOU SAID, SO, SO VA UP IN CANADA CAN DO THE 7 65, UH, LUKA, WHICH IS OVER IN, IN SWEDEN CAN ALSO DO THE 7 65. 
          AND THEN, UH, I BELIEVE URIC IS BOTH GURUS AND, AND CORDOBA PART OF THAT AS WELL. 
          YES. 
          SO YEAH, SO ACROSS AND WITH THAT THEY HAVE, YOU KNOW, OVERLAPS AND RANGE AND STUFF LIKE THAT, AND YOU HEARD HIM DISCUSS THE, UH, THE TRAU STAR, RIGHT? THAT THAT DESIGN PLATFORM AND ALL THAT IS COMMON AMONGST THOSE. 
          SO IF YOU COULD DID, LIKE, YOU COULD DO A PHASE ONE OUT OF VAIN OR MAYBE, AND THEN SOMETIME DOWN THE ROAD YOU NEED AN ADDITIONAL ONE. 
          MAYBE VAIN DOESN'T HAVE THE BEST LEADS AND YOU WANT TO GO TO GRU. 
          THEY, THEY ALL SHARE THAT SAME SORT OF COMMON PLATFORM, SO IT'S NOT STARTING OVER FROM SCRATCH. 
          I THINK I'M STILL CONFUSED THEN ON THE IDEA BETWEEN A UNIQUE FIRST DESIGN AND A STANDARDIZATION THAT YOU'RE SAYING YOU HAVE HERE. 
          SO I'M, AGAIN, ASSUMING POWER TRANSFORMERS FOR 7 65 ARE NOT A NOVEL CONCEPT. 
          AND IS THIS, WHEN YOU SAY PROTOTYPE, IS THIS BECAUSE IT'S A CUSTOMER'S FIRST ORDER AND NOT BECAUSE THE TECHNOLOGY IS INNOVATIVE? AND WOULD THAT BE TRUE FOR EVERY CUSTOMER PLACING AN ORDER OF A PARTICULAR TRANSFORMER, THEIR FIRST ONE, THEIR SORT OF PROTOTYPE ONE IS THE ONE WITH THE LONG LEAD TIME, IRRESPECTIVE OF SIZE, AND THEN AS YOU ORDER MORE FROM THAT CUSTOMER, THERE ARE MORE EFFICIENCIES TO BE GAINED. 
          YEAH. 
          AND CHIME IN ANYTIME, YURI, BUT MY, MY UNDERSTANDING IS IT IS THAT FIRST, LIKE TO YOUR POINT, IT'S NOT A NOVEL TECHNOLOGY, BUT IT, IT MIGHT BE THAT FIRST TIME WITH THAT PARTICULAR SPEC, THAT PARTICULAR DESIGN, THINGS LIKE THAT. 
          BUT THE 7 65 AS A WHOLE IS, IS A PROVEN TECHNOLOGY. 
          IT'S THAT, THAT ONE PARTICULAR ONE WITH WHATEVER NUANCES IN TERMS OF INSTRUMENTATION, IN TERMS OF ALL THOSE SORT OF, UH, SPECIFIC REQUIREMENTS WOULD, WOULD BE CONSIDERED A, A PROTOTYPE. 
          THAT'S CORRECT. 
          SO, SO FIRST TIME, UH, FIRST UNIT, UH, BASED ON NEW SPECIFICATION, NEW REQUIREMENTS IS, UH, USUALLY THE ONE WHICH TAKES MORE TIME. 
          AND, UH, LIKE, UH, OF COURSE, UH, NUMBER OF 7 65 KV TRANSFORMERS PRO PRODUCE, UH, EVERYWHERE IN THE GLOBE IS MUCH SMALLER THAN NUMBER OF 3 45 OR TWO 30 KV. 
          SO ALSO THIS IS, UH, LIKE, UH, THE, THE, THIS IS SOMETHING WHICH NEEDS TO BE CONSIDERED AND, UH, WE, WITH THIS VOLTAGE, UH, IN THE DESIGN TIME, WE WILL NEED ADDITIONAL TIME TO DO OTHER SIMULATION, LIKE THE SIMULATION 3D SIMULATION FOR THE LEAD EXIT CONNECTION AND THINGS LIKE THAT, WHICH ARE MORE CRITICAL 
          [03:20:01]
AND, AND, UH, MORE UNIQUE FOR THIS TYPE OF, UH, VOLTAGE LEVEL. 
          SO MAYBE PROTOTYPE WASN'T RIGHT, MAYBE YOU SHOULD USE LIKE FIRST OF TYPE SOMETHING LIKE THAT TO KIND OF, I I WOULD THINK OF IT AS LIKE FIRST IN ORDER YEAH. 
          FOR AN INDIVIDUAL CUSTOMER. 
          AND, AND HE MAY HAVE HINTED AT IT WITH THE VOLTAGE ISSUES ON 3 45, BUT I WOULD ASSUME THEN AT 3 45 YOU'D HAVE A SIMILAR THING WITH A NEW CUSTOMER. 
          YEAH. 
          IT JUST MIGHT BE INSTEAD OF, YOU KNOW, TWO YEARS AS SUGGESTED HERE, A YEAR AND A HALF OR SOMETHING. 
          RIGHT? SO THE INCREMENTAL CHANGE IS NOT SUBSTANTIALLY DIFFERENT. 
          I MEAN, IN OUR EXPERIENCE, IF YOU ARE ORDERING THE SAME EXACT SPEC THAT SOMEBODY'S GOT AND A VENDOR IS TELLING YOU, GUESS WHAT, I GOTTA RUN 20 TESTS BECAUSE YOU'RE A NEW CUSTOMER, THEN I THINK YOU GUYS GOTTA PROBABLY LOOK, TALK TO SOME OTHER VENDORS, YOU KNOW, JUST TO MAKE SURE BECAUSE THE SPEC IS WHAT THE SPEC IS, RIGHT? SO I'M, I'M SURE ALL, ALL THE CUSTOMERS WOULD DO THAT, RIGHT? SO YEAH, 'CAUSE THAT, THAT FIRST OF TYPE, RIGHT? I MEAN THERE'S ADDITIONAL TESTING THERE, THERE'S ALL SORTS OF OTHER THINGS THAT, THAT ARE REQUIRED FOR THAT, FOR THAT FIRST PARTICULAR ONE, RIGHT. 
          SO, OKAY. 
          OKAY. 
          ALRIGHT, VERY GOOD. 
          UM, AND THEN YOUR, CAN YOU GIMME THE BALL BACK AND THEN WE'LL, WE'LL LET, UH, MIKE LANE DO THIS FROM, UH, BREAKERS? YES. 
          ALL RIGHT. 
          MIKE, YOU WANNA TAKE YOURSELF OFF MUTE? YEP, I AM HERE. 
          I HOPE YOU CAN HEAR ME. 
          YEP. 
          SO JUST A BRIEF INTRODUCTION. 
          MY NAME IS MICHAEL LANE AND I AM CURRENTLY THE LOCAL PRODUCT MANAGER AND APPLICATIONS ENGINEER FOR DEAD TANK CIRCUIT BREAKERS AND HYBRID SWITCHGEAR HERE IN NORTH AMERICA. 
          UM, I'VE BEEN WITH A BB NOW HITACHI ENERGY FOR JUST A LITTLE OVER 33 YEARS, AND I'VE WORN A NUMBER OF DIFFERENT HATS FROM MARKETING TO R AND D MANAGER, AND I'VE SERVED TIME IN SEVERAL DIFFERENT COUNTRIES, BUT MY ENTIRE CAREER HAS BEEN, UH, AROUND CIRCUIT BREAKER TECHNOLOGY IN TERMS OF THE DEAD TANK CIRCUIT BREAKERS AND OUR, AND OUR GLOBAL FOOTPRINT. 
          OUR, OUR LEAD CENTER IS HERE IN MOUNT PLEASANT, PENNSYLVANIA IN THE UNITED STATES, AND THIS IS WHERE WE HAVE OUR, OUR LARGEST PRODUCTION FACILITY. 
          UM, WE HAVE A COUPLE OTHER PRODUCTION FIELD FACILITIES AROUND THE WORLD IN BEIJING, CHINA, AND, AND VDOA INDIA. 
          IN THOSE CASES, THOSE ARE BOTH SHARED FACILITIES WITH MANY OTHER PRODUCTS, INCLUDING LIVE TANK, CIRCUIT BREAKERS, AND EVEN GIS. 
          IN TERMS OF THE DEAD TANK CIRCUIT BREAKER PORTFOLIO, UH, WE DO HAVE A FULL LINE OF PRODUCTS, BUT WE'RE FOCUSED HERE ON THE, THE 800 KV. 
          SO OUR 800 PM PRODUCT, THIS IS AVAILABLE AS YOU SEE UP TO 63 K. 
          UM, I DIDN'T PUT SOMETHING IN HERE IN LIVE TANK BREAKERS, BUT I CAN BRIEFLY SAY, UH, THEY DO, WE DO HAVE LIVE TANK BREAKERS UP TO 800 KV. 
          UH, WE'VE GOT A, A PRETTY WIDE RANGE OF EXPERIENCE AROUND THE GLOBE WITH OUR LIVE TANK BREAKERS AND HAVE DELIVERED, UH, SOMEWHERE IN THE NEIGHBORHOOD OF A THOUSAND UNITS. 
          SO IN TERMS OF THE DEAD TANK CIRCUIT BREAKER HERE, YOU CAN SEE WHAT IT LOOKS LIKE. 
          UM, IT LOOKS VERY MUCH LIKE ONE OF OUR FIVE 50 KV CIRCUIT BREAKERS, JUST A LITTLE BIT LONGER AND A LITTLE BIT TALLER. 
          UM, IT AS A BB, WE INSTALLED THE WORLD'S FIRST 800 KV DEAD TANK CIRCUIT BREAKER, AND THAT FIRST INSTALLATION WAS BACK IN 2001, AND WE'VE DELIVERED OVER 250 UNITS TO DATE. 
          IN TERMS OF THE RATINGS, THE PRODUCT IS FULLY RATED UP TO 800 KV, UH, 40 50 OR 63 KA. 
          UH, WE HAVE MODELS FOR CONTINUOUS CURRENT RATINGS UP TO 5,000 AMPS, AND, UH, A BIT BEYOND IN FACT, UM, RATED FREQUENCY WE CAN PROVIDE FOR 50 OR 60 HERTZ, OF COURSE 60 HERTZ. 
          HERE IN THE US WE HAVE AN INTERRUPTING TIME OF TWO CYCLES. 
          UH, IT'S A CLASS M TWO CIRCUIT BREAKER IN TERMS OF MECHANICAL ENDURANCE AND A CLASS C TWO TWO CIRCUIT BREAKER IN, IN TERMS OF CAPACITIVE SWITCHING CLASS. 
          UH, IT'S SINGLE POLE OPERATED, SO ONE MECHANISM PER PHASE WITH THE MECHANISM BEING ONE OF OUR, UH, SPRING HYDRAULIC OPERATING MECHANISM PORTFOLIOS BREAKER, UH, MECHANISMS. WE EXCLUSIVELY DO SILICONE 
          [03:25:01]
RUBBER INSULATORS ON THIS PRODUCT. 
          THIS IS A PRODUCT THAT FOR WHICH WE'VE NEVER HAD A PORCELAIN DESIGN. 
          UH, BUT ABOUT A YEAR AGO, HITACHI ENERGY ADVISED, UH, CUSTOMERS THAT WE WERE GETTING OUT OF THE BUSINESS OF PROVIDING PORCELAINS. 
          SO WE'RE PRETTY MUCH ACROSS THE LINE NOW, EXCLUSIVELY COMPOSITES, THE BREAKER DOES COME, CAN COME WITH AN OPTIONAL CLOSING RESISTOR. 
          UH, WE HAVE VARIOUS RESISTANCE VALUES, UH, DEPENDING ON THE NEED AND THE LOAD WE'RE, WE'RE MATCHING TO. 
          UH, THE TESTING IS DONE BOTH IN ACCORDANCE WITH IEE AND IEC STANDARDS. 
          AND OF COURSE WE DO HAVE AVAILABLE A SME, UH, PRESSURE VESSEL CERTIFICATIONS FOR THE TANKS. 
          JUST A LITTLE BIT ABOUT THE, THE SPRING HYDRAULIC MECHANISMS. FOR THOSE THAT ARE ARE NOT FAMILIAR, WE USE THESE ON, ON MOST OF OUR LARGER BREAKERS. 
          UH, AND THE WAY THIS IS SET UP, THE ENERGY IS STORED IN DISC SPRINGS. 
          THESE SPRINGS LOOK, UM, LIKE BIG BEVEL WASHERS, UM, AND THEN THE ENERGY IS TRANSMITTED HYDRAULICALLY. 
          SO THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN THIS AND A SPRING, PURE SPRING OR SPRING MECHANICAL DRIVE IS BOTH CASES ENERGY STORED IN THE SPRING, BUT THE TRANSMISSION IS DIFFERENT. 
          IT'S EITHER MECHANICAL MEANS OR HYDRAULIC MEANS. 
          UM, SO BECAUSE WE'RE TRANSMITTING ENERGY HYDRAULICALLY, WE HAVE A HYDRAULIC PUMP THAT CHARGES THE SPRINGS. 
          AND THEN WE JUST HAVE CONTROL VALVES THAT EITHER IMPRESS OR REMOVE OIL PRESSURE ON AN OUTPUT SHAFT. 
          AND SO BY CHANGING WHAT'S UNDER THE OUTPUT SHAFT THAT YOU SEE AT THE TOP HERE, IF IT'S LOW PRESSURE, THE BREAKER OPENS THE TIE PRESSURE, YOU FORCE THE BREAKER CLOSED, AND YOU FORCE THAT MOVING THROUGH AN OUTPUT SHAFT THAT CONNECTS DIRECTLY IN LINE WITH THE CIRCUIT BREAKER CONTACTS. 
          I DID NOT PUT TOGETHER A, A DEDICATED SLIDE ON, ON CHALLENGES AND THINGS TO CONSIDER. 
          I THINK FOR THE MOST PART, UM, A LOT OF THE SAME THINGS ARE CONSIDERED FOR A CIRCUIT BREAKER, REGARDLESS OF OF VOLTAGE LEVEL 3 45 KV OR 7 65 KV. 
          I THINK ONE THING THAT WOULD NEED TO BE CONSIDERED MAYBE IS THE INSTALLATION. 
          UM, MOST 3 45 KV BREAKERS HEAD TANK BREAKERS SOLD IN THE US TODAY CAN COME TO SITE NEARLY FULLY ASSEMBLED. 
          AT LEAST THE POLES ARE FULLY ASSEMBLED. 
          WHEREAS WITH SOMETHING LIKE AN 800 KV PRODUCT, YOU ARE GOING TO HAVE TO REMOVE BUSHINGS FOR SHIPPING. 
          AS YOU CAN SEE HERE WITH THESE COVERS, THAT IN TURN ALLEVIATES SOME OF THE CONGESTION FOR TRANSPORT. 
          'CAUSE YOU CAN SHIP ON A PRETTY STANDARD TRUCK. 
          THE OTHER THING I WOULD SAY THAT'S ALWAYS IMPORTANT TO CONSIDER IS ANY SPECIAL APPLICATIONS AND HOW YOU MAY WANNA ADDRESS THE CHALLENGES OF THOSE APPLICATIONS. 
          UH, SO THAT CAN BE, YOU KNOW, CAPACITOR BANK, UH, SWITCHING, IF YOU'RE TALKING AN HVDC, INSULATION FILTER, BANK SWITCHING. 
          ONE THING THAT WILL COMMONLY BE SEEN AT 800 KV, OF COURSE, IS REACTORS. 
          AND REACTORS ARE REACTOR SWITCHING IS A VERY SEVERE SWITCHING DUTY FOR A CIRCUIT BREAKER OF ANY TECHNOLOGY. 
          UM, AND WE OFFER A, A, A COUPLE DIFFERENT SOLUTIONS. 
          WE DO HAVE AVAILABLE CONTROLLED SWITCHING, BUT OUR LATEST SOLUTION IS TO OFFER AN INTERNALLY MOUNTED MOV OR METAL OXIDE WRISTER. 
          WE CAN DO THIS ON ANY BREAKER WITH MORE THAN ONE BREAK IN SERIES. 
          WE SIMPLY MOUNT THIS MOV ACROSS THE INTERRUPTER, SIMILAR TO WAY YOU MOUNT AN INTERNAL GRADING CAPACITOR. 
          AND BASICALLY, IT DOES JUST WHAT A SURGE ARRESTER DOES. 
          IT LIMITS THE VOLTAGE THAT WILL BE SEEN BY THAT CIRCUIT BREAKER. 
          IT CHOPS THE VOLTAGE TO THE LEVEL WHICH THE CIRCUIT BREAKER CAN DEAL WITH. 
          AND THIS IS PROVEN AND, AND TESTED INTERNAL INSTALLATION. 
          WE HAVE, UH, SEVERAL OF THESE, UH, AROUND THE COUNTRY AT VOLTAGE LEVELS FROM 360 2 KV UP TO 800 KV. 
          ANY DEAD TAKE BREAKER QUESTIONS OR ANYTHING LIKE THAT IN REGARDS TO THE 800 KV. 
          OKAY, VERY GOOD. 
          UM, AND THEN JUST, JUST SOMETHING TO KIND OF, UM, YOU KNOW, WRAP UP AS, AS WELL AS I WANTED TO MAKE SURE THAT THE AUDIENCE HERE, YOU KNOW, WALKS AWAY WITH, WITH UNDERSTANDING, YOU KNOW, UH, HITACHI ENERGY'S, UH, FAMILIARITY WITH THE 7 65 SPACE, RIGHT? IN TERMS OF THE, YOU KNOW, THE SOLUTIONS THAT HAVE BEEN DELIVERED. 
          NOW, YOU, YOU SAW SOME OF THE, UH, SLIDES AND DETAILS THAT BOTH MIKE AND URIC HAD ON THERE, YOU KNOW, TO, YOU KNOW, ALL THE YEARS OF EXPERIENCE WITH THAT. 
          AND THAT'S IN THE PLANT AS WELL AS THE PEOPLE THAT ARE THERE. 
          AND THE TEAM, AS YOU SAW, IS ACTIVELY INVESTING MONEY, YOU KNOW, BILLIONS OF DOLLARS INTO THE, THE FACTORY PORTFOLIO, INTO THOSE FOOTPRINTS TO, TO, YOU KNOW, INCREASE CAPACITY AND THINGS LIKE THAT. 
          THERE'S OTHER THINGS THAT, UH, HITACHI ENERGY IS, IS DOING AS WELL. 
          UM, SO ONE OF THE GROUPS WE MENTIONED EARLIER WAS CALLED THE, UH, THE GRID COMPONENTS. 
          THE GRID COMPONENTS GROUP, UH, WAS WORKING WITH A EP AS PART OF THAT WIND CATCHER PROGRAM THAT I, YOU SAW MENTIONED ON A, ON A PREVIOUS SLIDE, I BELIEVE IT WAS THE, 
          [03:30:01]
THE GENTLEMAN FROM, FROM QUANTA. 
          UH, BUT THAT TEAM WAS ACTUALLY ACTIVELY WORKING WITH A EP TO, TO KIND OF HELP, HELP DEVELOP SOME TECHNOLOGY FOR A 7 65, UH, KV LINE ARRESTER, RIGHT? SOME, SOME NEW TECHNOLOGY THERE TO, TO WORK TO KIND OF HELP MEET, UH, MEET SOME OF THE, THE UNIQUE DEMANDS AND, AND THINGS LIKE THAT IN REGARDS TO, TO 7 65. 
          SO I REALLY WANNA MAKE SURE THAT PEOPLE KIND OF WALK AWAY FROM, UH, THIS WITH UNDERSTANDING, YOU KNOW, HITACHI ENERGY DOES HAVE THIS SORT OF COLLABORATIVE, YOU KNOW, ENVIRONMENT WITH, WITH ALL THESE DIFFERENT TECHNOLOGIES AND, AND THINGS LIKE THAT. 
          AND THIS, THE ABILITY TO PROVIDE, YOU KNOW, A COMPREHENSIVE SORT OF SOLUTION THROUGH ALL THE DIFFERENT BUS, WHETHER IT'S TRANSFORMERS, BREAKERS, COMPONENTS, THINGS LIKE THAT, UH, IS REALLY, YOU KNOW, A, A GOOD AND INVALUABLE THING FOR, FOR THIS INITIATIVE. 
          SO, YEAH. 
          UH, LIVE TANK BREAKERS. 
          ARE THEY ALSO ? ARE THEY, UH, MIKE, CAN YOU TAKE THAT ONE? LIVE TANK BREAKERS WHERE THEY'RE MANUFACTURED? I KNOW THEY'RE ASSEMBLED, I'M NOT PLEASANT, BUT, UH, FOR NORTH AMERICA, THEY'RE TYPICALLY IN, IN LUCA, SWEDEN. 
          UM, WE DO HAVE A FEW OTHER FACTORIES AROUND THE WORLD, I BELIEVE FOR 7 65 KV. 
          WE ALSO MANUFACTURE IN INDIA AND CHINA AS WELL. 
          SO BASICALLY WHERE THE, WHERE THE LARGEST MARKETS ARE. 
          MIKE, CAN YOU SPEAK TO THE PRODUCT ROADMAP FOR THE, UH, FOR THE NON SF SIX FOR IN TERMS OF HOW IT WOULD APPLY UP TO THIS KV? UH, RIGHT NOW OUR, OUR PRODUCT ROADMAP FOR NON SF SIX, UH, GOES UP TO FIVE 50 KV, WHICH WE ARE RIGHT NOW IN THE PROCESS OF, UH, MAKING SOME EARLY OFFERS FOR, UM, AS FOR, UH, BEYOND THAT, THEN THE NEXT THING UP IS 72 1 45 KV, AND THEN 2 45 KV, I BELIEVE OUT, UH, A BIT FURTHER DOWN IN 2026. 
          AT THIS POINT, WE'RE, WE'RE REASSESSING, UH, THE FUTURE TO SEE WHAT ELSE IS COMING, WHAT IS COMING NEXT, AND, AND WHERE WE WANT TO GO FROM THERE. 
          THANK YOU. 
          GREAT. 
          THANK YOU. 
          MM-HMM, . 
          ALL RIGHT. 
          WE'RE GONNA TRANSITION 
          [Equipment Manufacturer Presentation]
INTO THE LAST PRESENTATION, WHICH WILL COME FROM SIEMENS. 
          OH, WE, YOU GOTTA DO THE SCREEN. 
          YEAH. 
          PRESENTATION NOTE, THE SHOOTING THAT, NO, UH, JUST AIR SHOULD BE AIR. 
          OKAY. 
          GOOD AFTERNOON. 
          UH, MY NAME'S DAVE LUCAS. 
          I'M THE REGIONAL VICE PRESIDENT. 
          I'M FOR THE MIDWEST SIEMENS ENERGY. 
          I'M BASED IN KANSAS CITY. 
          THANKS FOR, UH, THE INVITATION TO, UH, TO HAVE US JOIN YOU AND SHARE SOME OF OUR THOUGHTS ABOUT, UH, ABOUT EHV AND, UH, IN ERCOT. 
          UM, I WANNA INTRODUCE THE TEAM. 
          UH, I'M GONNA HAND IT OVER HERE IN A SECOND TO TONY ZITO. 
          HE'S A DIRECTOR IN OUR HIGH VOLTAGE TRANSFORMER GROUP. 
          UH, SITTING OVER HERE TO THE LEFT, UH, WE HAVE, UH, HERBERT RAUCH, WHO'S A FACTORY COMMERCIAL LEAD, AND COURT HODI, WHO'S AN 
          [03:35:01]
ACCOUNT MANAGER HERE LOCALLY, AND THEN REMOTELY ON THE LINE. 
          UH, WE HAVE NAEM SIDIKI, WHO IS ALSO A DIRECTOR. 
          HE'S IN RHV BREAKER GROUP, UH, OUT OF JACKSON, MISSISSIPPI. 
          SO I THOUGHT I'D JUST GIVE YOU A BRIEF, UH, OVERVIEW OF SIEMENS ENERGY. 
          UH, WE'RE AN INTEGRATED, YOU KNOW, ENERGY TECHNOLOGY COMPANY. 
          WE WERE SPUN OFF, UH, THREE YEARS AGO FROM SIEMENS AG. 
          UH, OUR CORPORATE HEADQUARTERS IS STILL IN GERMANY. 
          OUR US HEADQUARTERS IS IN ORLANDO. 
          WE'RE ABOUT 98,000, UH, EMPLOYEES. 
          WE HAVE FACTORY LOCATIONS GLOBALLY, UM, PRESENT IN 90 COUNTRIES. 
          SO, UM, AND WE'RE, WE'RE, AGAIN, I MENTIONED, UH, INTEGRATED THROUGHOUT THE ENERGY, UH, TECHNOLOGY SPECTRUM. 
          WE HAVE FOUR MAIN DIVISIONS. 
          UH, OUR GAS SERVICES DIVISION, WHICH WE MANUFACTURE AND SERVICE GAS TURBINE STEAMED TURBINES AND GENERATORS. 
          UH, WE HAVE FACTORIES IN CHARLOTTE, WINSTON-SALEM, UH, THROUGH, YOU KNOW, SEVERAL HERE IN THE US THAT'S ONE DIVISION. 
          UM, WE ALSO HAVE A, A WIND DIVISION SIEMENS GO MESA RENEWABLES, WHERE WE MAKE BOTH ONSHORE AND OFFSHORE, UH, WIND TURBINE GENERATORS. 
          WE HAVE FACTORIES IN HUTCHINSON, KANSAS, AND FORT MADISON, IOWA, UH, HERE DOMESTICALLY THAT SUPPORT THAT MARKET. 
          UH, OUR THIRD DIVISION, UM, WHICH WE'RE, YOU KNOW, WE'RE JUST HIGHLIGHT FOR YOU IS OUR TRANSFORMATION OF INDUSTRY DIVISION THAT'S REALLY FOCUSED ON SUSTAINABLE TECHNOLOGIES. 
          UH, ONE OF THE BIG, UH, DRIVERS FOR US IN THAT GROUP IS OUR, OUR ELECTROLYZER PRODUCT LINE FOR, FOR PRODUCING, UH, HYDROGEN. 
          UM, AND THEN LASTLY, BUT NOT LEAST, IS OUR GRID TECHNOLOGIES DIVISION, WHICH IS WHAT WE'RE HERE TO TALK ABOUT TODAY. 
          THERE, YOU KNOW, AND WE HAVE PRODUCTS AND SOLUTIONS THAT RANGE FROM, YOU KNOW, THE SMALLEST OF ARRESTERS, YOU KNOW, ALL THE WAY UP THROUGH, UH, HIGH VOLTAGE TRANSFORMERS AND BREAKERS THAT WE'RE GONNA TALK ABOUT HERE TODAY ON UP TO, YOU KNOW, UH, FAX TECHNOLOGY AND, AND HVDC. 
          SO, HELLO. 
          GOOD. 
          YOURSELF? GOOD. 
          HELLO. 
          IT SHOULDN'T BE TOO LONG, BUT I, FOR THE BENEFIT OF, UM, LINDA, I WANNA ASK HER TO JOIN US. 
          WE CAN HEAR YOU ON YOUR, ON THE PHONE IF YOU PLEASE. 
          IF YOU TRYING TO BENEFIT LINDA, WE HEAR YOU . 
          UM, SO ANYWAY, YEAH, WE HAVE, UH, A FULL RANGE IN OUR GRID TECHNOLOGIES DIVISION OF SWITCHING AND NON SWITCHING PRODUCTS. 
          AND WITH THAT, I'M GONNA, UH, HAND IT OVER TO TONY ZITO AND LET HIM KIND OF DIVE INTO, UH, A LITTLE BIT MORE ABOUT WHAT WE'RE HERE TO TALK ABOUT TODAY. 
          AND THAT'S, YOU KNOW, UH, 7 65 KV, UH, TECHNOLOGY. 
          THANK YOU. 
          GOOD AFTERNOON, EVERYONE. 
          UH, AGAIN, THANKS FOR THE INVITE TO PRESENT. 
          UM, GET STARTED HERE. 
          WELL, RIGHT OR LEFT. 
          NOTHING IS WORKING. 
           DOESN'T SHOW ON THE SCREEN MANY THINGS TO MARCUS. 
          HE'S BEEN OUR TECHNICAL SUPPORT TODAY. 
          HE'S GETTING HIS STEPS IN. 
          LET'S SEE. 
          SO CANCEL THAT. 
          OKAY. 
          ALL RIGHTY. 
          UM, START OUT WITH BREAKERS. 
          UH, 7 65 KV, EHV BREAKERS, UM, 800 KV GLOBALLY. 
          UH, WE HAVE, UH, SEVERAL FACTORIES. 
          WE HAVE A FACTORY NETWORK GLOBALLY, UH, THAT BUILDS CIRCUIT BREAKERS AND SUPPLIES 'EM TO CUSTOMERS. 
          UH, SOME OF THEM, UH, DO LOW SMALLER UNITS. 
          UH, SOME OF 'EM DO THE FULL RANGE, UH, BUT WE DO HAVE A FULL NETWORK. 
          UH, IN TERMS OF SUPPLYING TO THE US, UH, WE HAVE A PRETTY BROAD, UH, BASE OF CUSTOMERS, UH, SUCCESSFULLY SUPPLYING TO BASICALLY ALL THE MAJOR UTILITIES IN THE US, UH, WHICH I'M SURE MY COMPETITORS ARE THE SAME. 
          UM, IN TERMS OF PORTFOLIO, AS I SAID, WE DO EVERYTHING, UH, FROM THE LOWER KVS, UH, UP THROUGH 800 KV GLOBALLY, UM, AND HAVE HAD CAN AND HAVE SUPPLIED THEM. 
          UH, GIVE YOU AN IDEA OF SOME REFERENCES. 
          UH, WE, WE HAVE REFERENCES GLOBALLY. 
          YOU CAN SEE UNITS WE'VE SUPPLIED TO INDIA, UH, BRAZIL, BELARUS HUNGARY, UH, RUSSIA, UKRAINE, AND VEDA VENEZUELA. 
          UH, CURRENTLY OUR LEAD TIME FOR 7 65 
          [03:40:02]
KV BREAKERS ARE, UH, IS ABOUT 24 MONTHS. 
          UM, MOVING ON TO POWER TRANSFORMERS. 
          UH, WE HAVE A FACTORY NETWORK OF CURRENTLY 14 FACTORIES GLOBALLY, UH, BUILDING POWER TRANSFORMERS. 
          AND WHEN THEY SAY POWER TRANSFORMERS, I'M ALSO INCLUDING, UH, SHUNT REACTORS IN THERE. 
          NOT ALL THE FACTORIES DO REACTORS, BUT MANY OF THEM DO. 
          IN TERMS OF EHV CAPABILITIES, UH, TO SERVE THE US MARKET, WE HAVE FOUR MAIN FACTORIES. 
          THEY WOULD BE OUR FLAGSHIP FACTORIES IN NUREMBERG, GERMANY, UH, AND VICE AUSTRIA, AND THEN ALSO A FACTORY IN ZAGREB, CROATIA, AND ONE INJUNE BRAZIL. 
          UH, ALL OF THESE FACTORIES, UH, ARE CAPABLE AND DO REGULARLY BUILT EHV UNITS. 
          IN FACT, THEY'RE FOCUSED ON THEM FOR THE MOST PART. 
          UH, AS AN EXAMPLE OF, OF HISTORY THAT WE HAVE AND, AND MILESTONES, UH, JUST, I'LL JUST PRESENT ONE PLANT. 
          I DON'T WANNA GO INTO ALL THE DETAILS, UH, AND BORE YOU, BUT, UH, THIS IS THE HISTORY OF THE VICE PLANT IN TERMS OF DEVELOPMENTS. 
          AND IF YOU NOTICE DOWN THERE, THE, UH, THE THREE BOXES IN YELLOW, UH, DID 400 KV IN 1965. 
          THEY ALSO DID 500 KV IN 1965. 
          UH, AND IN 1977, UH, WE DELIVERED, UH, THE FIRST 7 65 KV UNITS FROM US TO, UM, A EP. 
          UH, SO WE'VE BEEN DOING IT FOR A LONG TIME, UH, SPECIFICALLY FROM THE VICE FACTORY, UH, TO THE US BUT ALSO FROM THE OTHER FACTORIES GLOBALLY AT, UH, THE EHV LEVEL. 
          JUST GIVING A REFERENCE, UH, AS AN EXAMPLE, THERE IS ONE OF THE UNITS WE HAVE DELIVERED A EP, UH, WHICH IS A 7 7 50 MVA 7 65 KV SINGLE PHASE AUTO. 
          UM, JUST AS AN EXAMPLE OF A UNIT WE HAVE DELIVERED IN TERMS OF REFERENCES, AGAIN, JUST TO GIVE A, AN IDEA OF THE, UH, BROAD REFERENCES WE HAVE, UH, THIS IS JUST A, AN EXCERPT. 
          OBVIOUSLY IT ONLY STARTS IN 2012 BECAUSE I DIDN'T WANT TO GIVE YOU FOUR PAGES OF, OF, OF DATA. 
          BUT JUST TO GIVE YOU AN IDEA, WE DO HAVE QUITE AN EXTENSIVE, UH, LIST OF DELIVERIES TO MULTIPLE CUSTOMERS. 
          UM, AND, UH, THIS IS JUST US AND CANADA. 
          IF YOU LOOK, UH, IN THE THIRD COLUMN. 
          UH, BUT YOU CAN SEE WE'VE DELIVERED A NUMBER OF UNITS, BOTH AUTOS, SHUNT REACTORS. 
          UH, THERE HAVE BEEN SOME GSU WE DELIVERED ALSO AT 7 65 KV, BUT THEY WERE EARLIER IN THE, IN THE TIMEFRAME. 
          SO WE DO HAVE EXTENSIVE, UH, EXPERIENCE IN TERMS OF THE QUESTIONS THAT WERE POSED AND THINGS TO ADDRESS. 
          UM, UM, MOST OF THE TOPICS HAVE BEEN ADDRESSED BY THE COMPETITORS, SO I DON'T WANNA REPEAT TOO MUCH, BUT IN TERMS OF LOGISTICS, UH, REALLY WHEN IT COMES TO A 7 65 KV OR ANY EHV TRANSFORMER, THE LOGISTICS CONCERNS REALLY AREN'T ANY DIFFERENT THAN ANY LARGE TRANSFORMER. 
          IT DOESN'T MATTER IF IT'S A BIG TWO 30 KV, 3 45 KV, UH, 500 OR 7 65 KV, IT'S THE PHYSICAL SIZE. 
          UM, YOUR LIMITATIONS TYPICALLY START AT THE FACTORY. 
          THE FIRST ISSUE IS CRANE WEIGHT, WHICH HAS BEEN DISCUSSED. 
          CAN YOU EVEN BUILD THE UNIT? CAN YOU LIFT IT? BUT ONCE YOU EXIT THE FACTORY, WHAT CONSTRAINTS DO YOU HAVE TO GET FROM THE FACTORY TO THE EVENTUAL SITE LOCATION? UH, DEPENDING ON OUR FACTORIES, SOME OF THEM HAVE LIMITATIONS. 
          JUST ALL OF OUR FACTORIES, THE FOUR FACTORIES ARE LISTED, OBVIOUSLY ARE OFFSHORE, THEY'RE ALL GONNA USE OCEAN SHIPMENT TO GET HERE AS PART OF THE COMPONENT. 
          SOME OF THE FACTORIES HAVE A LIMITATION. 
          OUR FACTORY INVITES HAS SOME TUNNELS IT HAS TO GET THROUGH. 
          IT GOES FROM VITS BY RAIL THROUGH SOME CONSTRICTING TUNNELS. 
          THEN IT GETS OFFLOADED ONTO A BARGE, GOES ON THE DANUBE, IF I CORRECT, HERBERT GOES ON THE DANUBE TO NORTHERN EUROPE, GETS ON AN OCEAN VESSEL, COMES TO THE US AND THEN ONCE YOU GET TO THE US IT'S EITHER GONNA BE BARGE, UH, TRANSPORT. 
          YOU SEE A LOVELY PHOTO WITH THE STATUE OF LIBERTY. 
          UM, IT'S GOING TO BE ON A TRAIN, UH, IT'S GONNA BE ON A TRANSPORTER, UH, OR GENERALLY IT'S GONNA BE ON ALL OF SEVERAL OF THOSE, OR MAYBE ALL OF THE ABOVE. 
          QUITE OFTEN YOU GO FROM THE PORT BY TRAIN OR BARGE, BUT THAT DOESN'T GET YOU ALL THE WAY TO THE SITE. 
          OBVIOUSLY. 
          FROM THERE, YOU GOTTA GET ON, YOU MAY GO BY BARGE TO A RAIL SITE TO A PLACE WHERE YOU CAN GET ON RAIL AND THEN GO RAIL TO SITE. 
          AND FROM SITE, YOU GOTTA GET ON A TRANSPORTER TO GET THAT LAST, LAST FEW MILES OR LAST COUPLE HUNDRED, UH, FEET DEPENDING. 
          SO YOU NEED TO CONSIDER ALL OF THAT. 
          UH, AND ALL THE COMPETITORS ARE IN THE SAME BOAT. 
          WE DO EXTENSIVE TRANSPORT PLANS, LOOKING AT OPTIONS. 
          EVEN AT THE POINT WE'RE BIDDING, WE'RE LOOKING AT CAN WE DELIVER IT? WHERE'S THE SITE? ARE THERE ANY BRIDGES WE 
          [03:45:01]
HAVE TO GET OVER, TUNNELS WE HAVE TO GO THROUGH, ET CETERA. 
          NOW, FOR THE MOST PART, IN THIS AREA IN TEXAS, THAT'S NOT GONNA BE A CONSTRAINT, BUT THERE ARE PARTS OF THE COUNTRY WHERE YOU'RE DELIVERING THE, WHERE, WHERE TRANSPORT CAN BE A MAJOR ISSUE. 
          SO IT IS SOMETHING YOU DO NEED TO CONSIDER. 
          AND GENERALLY IT'S THE LAST FEW MILES THAT ARE THE CHALLENGE. 
          UH, ESPECIALLY ON SOME OF THE REMOTE SITES, YOU KNOW, YOU CAN GET CLOSE TO THE MOUNTAIN, BUT GETTING UP THE MOUNTAIN CAN BE, CAN BE TOUGH, ESPECIALLY FOR A LOT OF LIKE, WIN WIN APPLICATIONS, ET CETERA. 
          IT'S, IT'S TOUGH TO GET THAT LAST FEW MILES. 
          IN TERMS OF A TYPICAL PROJECT, UH, TIMELINE, AND AGAIN, THIS IS THE PROJECT ITSELF. 
          THIS IS NOT ADDRESSING LEAD TIMES, WHICH HAS BEEN A TOPIC THAT WAS DISCUSSED BUT NOT DISCUSSED. 
          BUT LOOKING AT A PROJECT TIMELINE, YOU'RE LOOKING AT ROUGHLY 24 MONTHS FROM WHEN YOU HAVE ORDER PLACEMENT AND ORDER MEANING, YOU KNOW, WE'RE GOING NOT MEANING THE LEAD TIME OF OF, OF CURRENTLY IN THE MARKETPLACE. 
          IT'S ABOUT 24 MONTHS FROM WHEN YOU START, UH, YOU SEE ENGINEERING, THE, YOUR FIRST FEW DOTS THERE, I KNOW THIS IS HARD TO READ, BUT TRYING TO PUT ALL THE INFO ON ONE PAGE WAS TOUGH. 
          YOU HAVE ENGINEERING, THOSE ARE DRAWING, HOLD TIMES, DRAWING, RELEASE, DESIGN, REVIEW, ET CETERA. 
          AND THEN THE BARS DOWN BELOW ARE THE ACTUAL MANUFACTURING STEPS, UH, INCLUDED IN THOSE, UH, EARLY DOTS OR ORDERING OF MATERIALS, ET CETERA. 
          SO YOU DO THE DESIGN, YOU MAY LOCK IN CAPACITY AT A SUB SUPPLIER AND IT BEFORE THE DESIGN IS DONE, SO YOU'RE NOT SURE OF THE EXACT DETAILS, BUT YOU KNOW, YOU NEED CONDUCTOR, YOU KNOW YOU NEED BUSHINGS, YOU KNOW YOU NEED CORE STEEL, YOU KNOW YOU NEED A TANK. 
          SO WE'LL RESERVE A SLOT WITH EACH OF THOSE SUPPLIERS FOR THE MATERIAL, EVEN THOUGH WE DON'T HAVE THE DETAILS YET. 
          YOU MAY ORDER CURRENTLY IN AN ODD TWIST OF FATE. 
          TANKS ARE ONE OF THE HARDEST THINGS TO GET RIGHT NOW WITH ALL THE DEMAND. 
          SO WE WILL BOOK A SLOT WITH A TANK MANUFACTURER, BUT WE DON'T HAVE THE TANK DRAWINGS YET. 
          SO WE RESERVE A SLOT, MUCH LIKE A CUSTOMER RESERVES A SLOT FOR EQUIPMENT WITH US, AND THEN SIX MONTHS, A YEAR, TWO YEARS, THREE YEARS DOWN THE ROAD, THEY GET THE DRAWINGS TO BUILD THAT TANK, THE, THE FINAL DRAWINGS. 
          BUT YOU BOOK EVERYTHING IN ADVANCE. 
          SO THAT'S WHAT'S HAPPENING IN THE CURRENT MARKET. 
          YOU RESERVE THE SLOTS AND THEN YOUR MANUFACTURING PROCESSES START. 
          IF YOU LOOK, THE MANU ACTUAL MANUFACTURING TIME IS QUITE SHORT. 
          IT IS PROBABLY SEVEN, EIGHT MONTHS. 
          I'M NOT DOING THE MATH THERE, BUT YOU CAN SEE THE BAR, THE BLUE BARS, THE ACTUAL MANUFACTURING YOU HAVE EVEN A 7 65 KV TRANSFORMER IS NOT A VERY LONG TIME. 
          IT'S ALL THE, IT'S THE LEAD TIME. 
          CURRENTLY THE BACKLOG, IT'S THE ENGINEERING TIME, AND THEN YOU BUILD THE UNIT AND THEN YOU HAVE THE SHIPPING TIME. 
          BUT THE ACTUAL MANUFACTURING TIME IS NO MORE THAN PROBABLY EIGHT, NINE MONTHS, NINE MONTHS FOR ALL OF US, ALL THE COMPETITORS HERE. 
          THEN DEPENDING ON WHERE THE FACTORY IS, WE NEED USUALLY TWO TO THREE MONTHS TO GET FROM FACTORY TO SITE. 
          AND THEN YOU HAVE INSTALLATION TIME. 
          SO THAT TOTAL TIME IS ABOUT 24 MONTHS. 
          UM, IN TERMS OF CONSIDERATIONS FOR 7 65 KV, A LOT OF THESE HAVE BEEN ADDRESSED ALREADY. 
          I'LL MENTION 'EM AGAIN JUST 'CAUSE I MADE THE SLIDE. 
          I DON'T WANNA TALK ABOUT IT. 
          UM, OBVIOUSLY, YOU KNOW, THE HIGHER YOU GET IN VOLTAGE, THE LESS FORGIVING THE TRANSFORMER IS, RIGHT? THE, THE, THE ELECTRICAL STRESS BECOMES A BIGGER AND BIGGER ISSUE. 
          AND SO YOU HAVE TO BE EVEN MORE CONCERNED. 
          YOU'RE ALWAYS CONCERNED IF YOU'RE BUILDING A 15 KV TRANSFORMER, YOU WANT IT TO BE CLEAN, YOU WANT IT TO BE DRY, YOU WANT GOOD QUALITY CONTROL. 
          BUT AS YOU GO HIGHER IN VOLTAGE, ALL OF THOSE ISSUES BECOME MORE IMPORTANT. 
          SO EXTREMELY LOW PARTIAL DISCHARGE IN THE DESIGN IS IMPORTANT, OKAY? SO YOU NEED TO ADDRESS THAT. 
          AND ALSO IN THE MATERIALS, UM, YOU HAVE GIC CONCERNS. 
          SO, UH, A 7 65 UNIT, BECAUSE OF THE HIGH NUMBER OF TURNS, UH, MAKES IT MUCH MORE SENSITIVE TO DC AND GIC. 
          NOW, I DON'T KNOW IF THIS AREA HAS A CONCERN WITH G-G-I-C-I, I HAVEN'T BEEN DIRECTLY INVOLVED IN WITH TEXAS MYSELF THAT MUCH, BUT IN PARTS OF THE US WHERE IT IS A CONCERN 7 65, IT'S A, IT'S A MORE OF A CONCERN. 
          SO YOU NEED TO BE CAREFUL THAT YOU DESIGN FOR IT. 
          THERE ARE WAYS YOU CAN ADDRESS THAT. 
          SO THERE ARE TECHNOLOGIES, UM, THERE IS REALLY, IT'S A DESIGN CRITERIA. 
          YOU CAN DESIGN THE UNIT SO THAT IT IS SAFE FOR THE GIC YOU BASICALLY, BASED ON THE INFORMATION KNOWN ABOUT THE GEOMAGNETIC CURRENTS. 
          UM, YOU, YOU THE WORK WITH THE CUSTOMER FOR THE AREA WHERE THIS IS GOING TO MAKE SURE THE UNIT IS CAPABLE OF HANDLING THE GIC, YOU BASICALLY OVERBUILD THE CORE TO HANDLE THE INJECTION OF THE DC AND NOT OVERHEAT, WHICH IS WHAT THE ISSUE WOULD'VE. 
          SO YOU BUILD THE CORE TO BE ABLE TO HANDLE THE TRANSFORMER NORMAL OPERATION PLUS THE GIC COMPONENT AND STILL NOT OVERHEAT. 
          [03:50:01]
UH, SO THAT'S SOMETHING THAT SHOULD BE IN THE SPECIFICATION. 
          UH, THE UNIT I SHOWED EARLIER FOR A EP, ACTUALLY THAT WAS PART OF THAT ORDER. 
          THEY, A EP GAVE US THE GIC EXPECTATIONS FOR THE UNIT AND WE DESIGNED THE UNIT TO MATCH THAT OR EXCEED THAT. 
          AND YOU JUST NEED TO MAKE SURE YOU CAN AT LEAST HANDLE IT. 
          UH, IN TERMS OF TANK RUPTURE, AGAIN, WITH THE HIGH ENERGY, THE HIGH ARC ENERGY YOU HAVE, THESE UNITS, IF THERE IS AN INTERNAL ARC, ARE MORE PRONE TO RUPTURE, WHICH MEANS YOU GOT HOT OIL DUMPING OUT AT A MINIMUM. 
          AND IF THAT OIL CATCHES FIRE, WHICH OFTEN HAPPENS, YOU'VE GOT A BIG ISSUE WITH NOT JUST THE TRANSFORMER BEING DESTROYED, BUT HOT FLAMING OIL IN THE AREA, WHICH CAN DESTROY OTHER EQUIPMENT CAUSE ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES, ET CETERA. 
          THAT CAN BE ADDRESSED BY DESIGNING THE TANK TO BE, UH, RUPTURE RESISTANT. 
          BASICALLY, YOU DESIGN THE TANK TO FLEX RATHER THAN BURST. 
          SO IT CAN ACCEPT THE, UH, THE ARC ENERGY AND THEN YOU MAKE SURE AS A BACKUP THAT YOU DESIGN THAT THE WEAKEST POINT IS TOWARDS THE TOP OF THE TRANSFORMER. 
          SO IF IT DOES BURST, IF IT DOES GO PAST THE BULGING POINT THAT ANY OIL RELEASED IS MINIMAL, YOU DON'T WANT THE, YOU DON'T WANT THE HOLE AT THE BOTTOM, YOU WANT THE HOLE AT THE TOP SO YOU GET MINIMAL OIL RELEASE. 
          UM, ANOTHER ISSUE IS OBVIOUSLY MOISTURE INSIDE THE INSULATION, AGAIN, CRITICAL IN EVERY TRANSFORMER, BUT THE HIGHER THE VOLTAGE, THE BIGGER OF AN ISSUE IT IS. 
          UM, YOU NEED TO TAKE STEPS TO MAKE SURE THE MATERIAL IS DRY TO START, YOU NEED TO MAKE STEPS TO MAKE SURE THE MATERIAL STAYS DRY WHILE YOU MANUFACTURE. 
          AND THEN YOU NEED TO MAKE SURE YOU DO A PROPER PROCESSING, UH, VACUUM FILLING, ET CETERA, OF PROCESSING OF THE, OF THE INSTALLATION MATERIAL. 
          AND THEN HOW YOU HANDLE IT BETWEEN THE TIME IT COMES OUT OF THE OVEN AND WHEN YOU TANK IT. 
          UH, THERE ARE SOME TECHNOLOGIES YOU CAN DO TO ADDRESS THAT. 
          UH, TECHNOLOGY WE USE IS, WHICH CALLED A DESERT ROOM. 
          BASICALLY WHEN THE UNIT COMES OUT OF THE OVEN AND GETS TANKED DURING THAT TIME, IT STAYS IN WHAT IT IN A VERY LOW HUMIDITY CHAMBER. 
          UH, YOU CAN WORK IN THERE, BUT YOU CAN ONLY WORK IN THERE FOR SHORT PERIODS OF TIME. 
          'CAUSE IT'S TOUGH ON THE HUMAN BODY. 
          IT'S VERY LOW HUMIDITY, BUT THAT ALLOWS THE UNIT TO, IT PREVENTS THE UNIT FROM ABSORBING EXCESSIVE MOISTURE FROM THE TIME IT EXITS THE OVEN UNTIL IT'S TANKED AND OIL FILLED. 
          UH, ANOTHER STEP IS SHORT CIRCUIT. 
          UH, DESIGN MANUFACTURING MUST, MUST ENSURE MINIMAL MOVEMENT OF THE WINDINGS AND LEADS DURING THE SHORT CIRCUIT. 
          UH, AND AGAIN, THE HIGHER THE VOLTAGE, THE MORE OF AN ISSUE IT IS. 
          YOU'VE GOT MORE ENERGY IN THERE. 
          YOU'VE GOT HIGHER STRESSES IN ANY MOVEMENT OF A LEAD IN AN EHV TRANSFORMER MAKES YOU MORE PRONE TO, UH, TO A FLASHOVER. 
          SO IT'S JUST THINGS YOU NEED TO, TO DO IN YOUR DESIGN. 
          UH, AND BASICALLY THOSE ARE THE MAIN CONCERNS ON AN EHV UNIT. 
          UM, LOOKING AT, TALKING ABOUT SUPPLY CHAINS CONSIDERATIONS, THE MAIN MATERIALS FOR AN EHV UNIT ARE NOT ANY DIFFERENT THAN A ONE 15 KV TRANSFORMER. 
          YOU'RE TALKING ABOUT CONDUCTOR, YOU'RE TALKING ABOUT CORE STEEL. 
          YOU'RE TALKING ABOUT A TANK, YOU'RE TALKING ABOUT, UM, INSTALLATION MATERIAL, AND YOU'RE TALKING ABOUT THE, THE NORMAL COMPONENTS. 
          UM, THEY'RE BASICALLY THE SAME ON ANY OTHER UNIT. 
          WHAT IS DIFFERENT IS THE HIGHER YOU GO IN VOLTAGE, AND THIS WAS ADDRESSED I THINK BY EITHER GE OR HITACHI. 
          THE HIGHER YOU GO IN VOLTAGE, THE HARDER THE SPECIALIZED COMPONENTS ARE. 
          YOUR BUSHINGS AND YOUR TAP CHANGERS, THEY HAVE A LONGER LEAD TIME. 
          THERE'S FEWER MANUFACTURERS, THERE'S LESS CAPACITY FOR THEM, THEY'RE TOUGHER TO MAKE. 
          SO THOSE ARE THE COMPONENTS YOU NEED TO, TO, TO DEAL WITH. 
          AGAIN, IT'S MAINLY THE BUSHINGS, UH, TAP CHANGERS, UH, SOME SPECIALTY INSULATION MATERIALS AT THE EHV LEVEL. 
          THEY HAVE A LONGER LEAD TIME AND YOU NEED TO PLAN ACCORDINGLY. 
          UM, UH, THE OTHER THING IS, BECAUSE OF THE STRESSES OF THE 7 65 UNIT, YOU'VE GOTTA TAKE GREATER CARE IN THE MANUFACTURING AND QUALITY CONTROL, THE TRANSPORTATION AND THE HANDLING OF THE MATERIAL BEFORE IT EVEN GETS TO YOUR FACTORY. 
          SO YOU HAVE TO HAVE THE BEST SUPPLIERS. 
          THEY HAVE TO HAVE GOOD QUALITY CONTROL. 
          THEY HAVE TO WORRY ABOUT CONTAMINATION AND MOISTURE ON THEIR END. 
          THEY HAVE TO WORRY ABOUT HANDLING. 
          YOU CAN'T HAVE NICKS IN THE INSULATION. 
          YOU CAN'T HAVE, UH, BURRS ON THE, UM, COORS STEEL, ET CETERA. 
          ALL OF THAT NEEDS TO BE CLOSELY WATCHED. 
          AND THEN ONCE THE MATERIAL GETS TO YOUR FACTORY, YOU ALSO HAVE TO EXERCISE EXTREME CARE ON AN EHV UNIT FOR THE SAME REASONS. 
          YOU CAN'T DAMAGE THE CONDUCTOR, YOU DON'T WANNA DAMAGE THE INSULATION, YOU DON'T WANNA DAMAGE THE CORE STEEL, UH, THE LEADS, ET CETERA. 
          AND YOU HAVE TO MAKE SURE YOU TAKE EXTREME CARE IN ALL OF THE STEPS OF MANUFACTURING HANDLING TO PREVENT DAMAGE, TO PREVENT CONTAMINATION AND PREVENT MOISTURE ABSORPTION. 
          UM, AGAIN, I TALKED ABOUT THE, UH, THE COMPONENTS THAT DO HAVE THAT ARE SPECIALTY ITEMS, BUSHINGS, 
          [03:55:01]
ET CETERA. 
          UM, AND CURRENTLY THE MATERIAL COMPONENT LEAD TIMES HAVE STABILIZED THAT WAS ADDRESSED EARLIER BY SOMEONE. 
          THEY ARE PRETTY, PRETTY STABLE. 
          I MEAN, WE ARE AT A HEIGHTENED LEVEL OF, OF DEMAND, BUT, BUT SUPPLIERS HAVE RAMPED UP TO MEET THE DEMAND, AS HAVE WE. 
          AND ALONG WITH THE PLANS WE HAVE FOR INCREASED PRODUCTION, I'M SURE ALL THE SUPPLIERS ARE DOING WHAT WE'RE DOING, WHICH IS WORKING WITH OUR SUPPLIERS TO MAKE SURE THEY'RE ALSO GONNA RAMP UP THEIR PRODUCTION TO BEAT OUR CAPACITY. 
          THAT'S IT. 
          ANY QUESTIONS? NO, I DID WANNA ADDRESS ONE TOPIC. 
          UM, SEVERAL OF THE SUPPLIERS TALKED ABOUT LEAD TIMES OR NOT TALKED ABOUT LEAD TIMES. 
          I MEAN, LEAD TIMES IN THE INDUSTRY OBVIOUSLY ARE LONGER THAN STANDARD. 
          UM, THEY DO VARY. 
          THEY VARY BY LOCATION AND SUPPLIER, I'M SURE. 
          UH, AS AN EXAMPLE, SINCE WE'RE TALKING ABOUT 7 65 KV AND THE PLANS, UH, CURRENTLY, UH, WE HAVE LEAD TIMES IN 4 7 65 KV BETWEEN, BETWEEN THE FACTORIES I'M TALKING ABOUT, WE'RE LOOKING AT PROBABLY FOUR YEARS, UP TO ABOUT EIGHT YEARS, DEPENDING ON THE FACTORY. 
          THAT'S IF YOU APPROACHED US TODAY WITH NO ADVANCED DISCUSSION AND SAY, I NEED 10, 7 65 KV TRANSFORMERS. 
          BUT THE WAY THAT GETS MITIGATED IN THIS MARKET, AND IT WAS DISCUSSED ON ONE OF THE PRESENTATIONS, IS SLOT RESERVATION. 
          YOU WORK WITH THE CUSTOMERS IN ADVANCE AND YOU GUYS ARE DOING A GOOD JOB THAT YOU'RE DISCUSSING THIS NOW AND YOU'RE TALKING TO SUPPLIERS NOW BECAUSE THE SUPPLIERS NEED TO KNOW AND PLAN FOR THE NEEDS THAT YOU HAVE. 
          AND THEN RESERVE CAPACITY, HAVE CAPACITY AVAILABLE SO THAT EVEN THOUGH THE LEAD TIME MAY BE EIGHT YEARS FROM A FACTORY, YOU HAVE SLOTS ON HOLD TO ADDRESS THE NEED. 
          UH, SO IT'S, IT'S GOOD THAT YOU CONTINUE TO TALK TO SUPPLIERS, UH, TO ALL OF US IN THE ROOM THAT YOU WANNA MOVE FORWARD WITH TO MAKE SURE THERE IS CAPACITY AVAILABLE FOR THESE UNITS, FOR THESE PROJECTS MOVING FORWARD. 
          OKAY. 
          THANK YOU. 
          [Final Remarks]
ALL RIGHT, JUST A QUICK WRAP UP. 
          AGAIN, I WANNA THANK EVERYBODY FOR TAKING TIME OUTTA YOUR DAY TO BE HERE. 
          FOR THE VENDORS TO PUT TOGETHER INFORMATION, UH, FOR THE STAKEHOLDERS THAT JOINED US, OUR REGULATORS THAT ARE IN THE ROOM. 
          UM, THIS WILL BE A CONTINUOUS EFFORT. 
          UM, STAKEHOLDER DISCUSSIONS ARE UNDERWAY AT ERCOT ABOUT PLANNING AND OPTIONS. 
          UM, AS WE WORK THROUGH THAT, WE'LL BE WORKING CLOSELY WITH OUR REGULATORS ON WHAT OUR STEPS FORWARD ARE. 
          BUT I THINK THE DISCUSSIONS WE HAD HERE WERE HELPFUL TO HELP INFORM THAT. 
          UM, SOME OF THE THINGS I HEARD WERE, YOU KNOW, EARLY ENGAGEMENT, WORKING TOGETHER FOR THAT PLANNING, THE COORDINATION, THE STANDARDIZATION THAT'LL HELP BRING US COST SAVINGS AND EFFICIENCY. 
          AND SO WE APPRECIATE YOU TAKING THE TIME TO, TO SHARE THAT INFORMATION WITH US SO THAT WE CAN TAKE THAT INTO OUR PLANNING PROCESSES AS WE MOVE FORWARD. 
          SO I HOPE Y'ALL HAVE SAFE TRAVELS HOME. 
          UM, WE WILL WORK TO GET THESE PRESENTATIONS UPDATED ON THE WEBSITE. 
          SO THEY'LL BE AVAILABLE IF YOU HAVE FOLKS IN YOUR SHOP THAT WANNA GO BACK OR IF YOU JUST WANNA GO BACK AND CAPTURE SOME NOTES. 
          IT WAS ALSO BEING BROADCAST BY SWAG. 
          YOU CAN GET TO IT ON OUR ERCOT WEBSITE, UNDER OUR BOARD OF DIRECTORS PAGE. 
          IT SHOULD BE ARCHIVED, UM, SO THAT YOU CAN GO BACK AND GET THIS INFORMATION AS WELL. 
          SO THANK YOU FOR BEING HERE.
* This transcript was created by voice-to-text technology. The transcript has not been edited for errors or omissions, it is for reference only and is not the official minutes of the meeting.